Ngaba uyazi ukuba ngubani na Ndisemathidala?

Bulumko ixhaphake izihlandlo phambi kukaKristu, saphuphumela kunye amagama ahlukeneyo, izibizo eziqhelekileyo njalo njalo. Ezinye zazo "basinda" ukuza kuthi ga ngoku kwaye isoloko isetyenziswa kubomi bemihla ngemihla. Umzekelo, ngubani na Ndisemathidala, igama elithi "ithemba" kunye nezinye izinto, nkqu abantwana bayazi. Noko ke, asingabo bonke uyazi imvelaphi imvelaphi igama elithile okanye besithi. Khawuve oko elithi "abagxeki" zolwimi ngokunzulu.

imfundiso nefilosofi

Kugxeka wazalwa Ekuveleni kwiinkulungwane 4-3 BC. e., phantse ngexesha elinye kunye iimfundiso ezifana isikolo amaStoyike kunye Epicureanism. Ngunozala oku bulumko kuthathwa ukuba igcisa ongumGrike Pyrrho, ngubani laqalisa izinto kwamanye amazwe ezifana zezikolo Hellenic luphela, njengoko "sengqondo lingenandaba", "bakude", "ukusebenzelana non-umgwebo."

Ukuba ubani abagxeki, ukususela kwinqanaba ngenxa yexesha, singatsho ukuba umntu ongazange bazame ukufikelela inyaniso endalo, nto ukuzama ukuqonda ihlabathi, aze athathe ezo zinto njengokuba bezinjalo. Kwaye leyo ingcinga ephambili kunye neemfundiso Pyrrho, yona zobulumko phambili kwexesha.

izigaba zophuhliso

izazinzulu beluthandabuza maxesha mithathu idlulileyo zophuhliso:

• Senior Pyrrhonism (BC yesi-3). Le mfundiso waphawulwa aluncedo, enkabeni yalo walala 'izimiso ". Abaseki - Pyrrho kunye umfundi wakhe Timon, imfundiso yakhe nempembelelo kwimbonakalo le amaStoyike kunye izazi.
• Academy (3-2 BC). Abameli beli sebe wavakalisa fomu ezibalulekileyo kugxeka theoretical component.
• Junior Pyrrhonism. Ifilosofi iphambili yalo mkhwa - uAgripa Enesidem kunye nabaxhasi kwakukho oogqirha, kuquka eyaziwa Sekst Empirik. Eli xesha luphawulwa systematization iimfundiso wempikiswano. Ngenxa yoko, emendweni zimelwe Enesidemom, uchaza imigaqo esisiseko nakwenzeka ukwazi yonke into esiyibonayo ngoncedo izivamvo. Kamva, le ntetho ziye zadityaniswa kwindawo eyodwa phezu kwezinto okuqonda.

-Siseko engundoqo yokufundisa

Ukunika inkcazelo epheleleyo ngubani abagxeki, ukunika ulwazi olulandelayo. Bale thiyori wayengayikhanyeli inyaniso ingxelo, kodwa akazange Wamkele inyaniso. Oku kusebenza kuzo zonke amasimi - unqulo, uyala zenzululwazi (physics, izibalo, njalo njalo), ukuphiliswa kunye nabanye. Umzekelo, ubukho bukaThixo abagxeki musa aphike, kodwa kwangaxeshanye, abazange bathathe naliphi na icala elinye okanye enye imboniselo yohlobo wOyena Uphakamileyo, iimpawu zakhe, njalo-njalo. Ngokutsho kwabo, into awukwazi uzive okanye ukuqonda, musani ukugweba. Ngelo xesha ukuba abachukumise, incasa okanye uzive neminye imibutho, akunakwenzeka ukuba ukuhlola ngokucacileyo, ekubeni okubonakalayo isalamane. Ngoko ke kungcono ukuba ayeke nasiphi na isigwebo okanye iisimboli, kodwa zamkela nje yonke into, njengokuba kunjalo.

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, kuba umkhwa yentanda waba abaxhasi ezininzi amayeza. Ukuba ubani abagxeki kule ndawo, siya iyakwazi ukuphawula ngoluvo ilandelayo: "Ugqirha kufuneka sizibuze malunga uhlobo sifo, siya kufuneka uchaze kuphela isibakala kwesifo kunye ukurekhoda iimpawu. Kwakhona kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa unyango kakuhle waziwa ngokuba kwizigulane. "

Ngoko ke, singatsho ukuba umntu ongenayo ukuvavanya iziganeko, izinto, kwaye akukho nika uluvo lwabo luluvo na kuNowa. Ntonye lo gama idla kusetyenziswa ngexesha lethu, kule meko intsingiselo ixabiso lokuqala, maxa wambi ezahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, ukuba kwakungekho (umntu lowo ukhanyelayo ubomi), balukholo luncinane nkqu angabathembi.

Ngokubanzi, singatsho ukuba izazinzulu zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kuphuhliso loluntu. Kunokwenzeka ukuba ukwahlukana izigwebo eziphosakeleyo, nezithintelo ezibekwe zizikolo zonqulo.