National Park "Nechkinsky": inkcazelo, iimpawu, olunomdla, izilwanyana zasendle

National Park "Nechkinsky" - ulondolozo, imfundo ngokusingqongileyo kunye liziko lezophando. On nommandla wayo nje kuphela, kodwa kwakhona iziza zembali kunye nezenkcubeko kummandla kuMbindi Kama. Bathi kubuhle, eziphilayo neendawo zolonwabo ixabiso ezizodwa, kwaye esisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kukhenketho olulawulwayo.

History of the Park

indlela esebenzayo ukukhusela nokulondoloza iinkqubo zendalo na umbutho ka iipaki zesizwe iprofayile umsebenzi ngemiba yezemfundo. Ngowe-1995, i-Government of the Udmurt Republic, kwagqitywa ekubeni kwi imfuneko "Nechkinsky" ipaki.

Okwangoku, nawuphi na umsebenzi akuvumelekanga nommandla wayo, nto leyo enokuba nefuthe elibi kwizilwanyana nezityalo. Ukongeza, nedpustimo naluphi na ulwakhiwo, kuqukwa imibhobho emikhulu.

National Park "Nechkinsky" Izhevsk inezi njongo zilandelayo:

1. Ukulondolozwa kweendawo ezikhethekileyo zendalo, ngokunjalo izilwanyana kunye nezityalo.
2. Ukulondolozwa ezikhumbuzo zembali iziza zelifa lemveli lenkcubeko.
3. imisetyenzana yabo yemfundo ngokusingqongileyo.
4. Ukudala iimeko kangangoko lokhenketho imigaqo kunye nokuzonwabisa, yolwaluko ukuze ilifa zembali yenkcubeko.
5. Intshayelelo ubuchule ezintsha zolondolozo.
6. Ukubuyiselwa ezonakeleyo iziza zembali, zamasiko zemvelo.
7. Protection, ulondolozo kunye nokukotshwa enezityalo nezilwanyana.
8. esweni Environmental.

indima lokusingqongileyo

Okwangoku, i-National Park "Nechkinsky" (Russia) kuthungelwano enkulu lwemimandla yolondolozo lwendalo ye Udmurtia yenye loovimba zasendle anqabileyo. Kukho nawakhe ezizodwa amahlathi yezandyondyo, Marsh, ichibi, umlambo zendalo, izilwanyana zasendle, engazani nandoda, inkcubeko kunye izinto zembali. Ukuba abasebenzi park asingomsebenzi lula nje kuphela ukulondoloza ubutyebi ekhoyo, kodwa Ekwandeni yayo, ngenxa yokuba lo mmandla iqulathe malunga asixhenxe ekhulwini ubume entlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana i Udmurt Republic lonke.

Indawo esikuyo kwindawo ekhuselweyo

National Park "Nechkinsky" ukwakweli ngasechwebeni i eVotkinsk ichibi kwimimandla embindini Kama. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ummandla ebhankini asekhohlo nasekunene zahluke kakhulu omnye komnye. Mazwe-bank lasekhohlo thaca masimu wezandyondyo kunye namathafa zizikhukula. Kama ayikho - akukho nto kodwa ngasentlanjeni imilambo ezincinane, kwizihlambo bevala.

Kama ngabafakwa uviko Siva zezona imilambo ephambili yolondolozo lwendalo.

National Park "Nechkinsky" phezu komhlaba kunye nemozulu epholileyo yezwekazi. Kuba le ndawo luphawulwa ebusika elide obubandayo nehlobo elishushu, elifutshane kakhulu-lonyaka. Julayi inyanga zikhuthazayo, ngeli xesha umlinganiselo wobushushu elinethoba degrees. Nantsi ke ixesha obubanda January, umlinganiselo wobushushu degrees -15.

Flora

National Park "Nechkinsky" uye uhlobo flora eyingcathu boreal, nto leyo zibandakanya ukwahluka okukhulu. Apha 745 iintlobo zezityalo ezinemigca zifunyenwe, 82 of them - iintlobo ezinqabileyo, yaye ezine zidweliswe ezisengozini. Kukho kwakhona izityalo ezizodwa, apho wafumana kuqala ngexesha uphando zikhula kwindawo ekhuselweyo: omphalodes repens, yayingcongolo butterbur, Lenets endle.

Le paki esilawulwa amahlathi nespruce. Pure nespruce fir thaca Finnish kunye Siberian. Bona afumaneka kummandla iyachithwa. Ngokuqhelekileyo, le nemisipres thaca a ngemisipres umthi, nompleyini ezinde, Linden. Yelniki ezicwangciswe bevala nakwezinye imikrolo esisiseko kunye bottomland slobozalivaemyh nezalivaemyh okanye iinxalenye Kama.

Ngomhla kummandla kwindawo ekhuselweyo ezibhalisiweyo iintlobo 24 izityalo omfisi, gymnosperms 6, 678 - angiosperms.

Park "Nechkinsky" imi kwisiphambuka ezintathu zemozulu imimandla yendalo: ihlathi-emathafeni, hlathi kunye namahlathi avuthulukayo.

Forest Park ma

amahlathi Pine zahlukahlukene kakhulu kumafa yayo. Pine-belomoshniki ngokufanelekileyo kuphela kwinkalo yokukhula. Bona ise emazantsi ntsimi. Amahlathi omfisi nompleyini kumkhawulela amangile, maple oki. Kodwa cowberry (nompleyini) entabeni ekhethiweyo. Amaxesha amaninzi afumaneka apha nompleyini ngengcongolo ingca kunye cowberry.

Kukho iindawo ezininzi apho fir weyisela kumazwe epakini. Kwimihlaba angayiwayo ezikhulayo alder. Kumahlathi ezinamagqabi avuthulukayo avuthulukayo kulawulwa oki. E Kama yezandyondyo kugcwele yehlathi willow.

Kwi yolondolozo lwendalo uyakwazi ukuhlangabezana ngokupheleleyo zonke iintlobo imigxobhozo: nomgxobhozo, exeshana obhudlayo. Emahlathini ngcu kwe esemazantsi yaye ngokufuthi kakhulu kukho amadobo sphagnum.

Akukho ngaphantsi isityebi kwezityalo amanzi ipaki. Kuye Bole iintlobo zaba ngamashumi omathandathu.

Zezilwanyana "Nechkinskogo 'Park

Animal World "Nechkinsky" National Park zahlukahlukene kakhulu. Xa amanzi zendawo omiweyo ziintlobo 38 iintlanzi, iintlobo ezintandathu aphel ngokupheleleyo ngokunxulumene nokulawulwa nokuqukuqela iVolga kunye Kama.

EVotkinsk ichibi afumaneka sabrefish, Roach, nguyá, zakhele, limfiliba, iVolga libuya, Pike, sprat, bream, burbot, bream, IDE, zakhele. Ngamanye amaxesha ukubamba zeCARP ubanjwe, trout, catfish, trout, emhlophe-liso. Xa amanzi amaninzi zeCARP, bream kodwa ukulawule yonke.

Okwangoku, ukuloba akuvumelekanga ilayisenisi, kwaye, xa umgaqo, unakho ukufumana naluphi ngummi. Iingcali zikholelwa ukuba ukuloba yolonwabo ifumene enkulu kakhulu kwaye ifaniswa shishino. Umehluko - kwizikhethwa eziphilayo. catch kwimizi-mveliso rhoqo sabrefish, ngelixa abathandi bakhetha zakhele, bream kunye Pike.

Iintlobo zasendle

Ngokutsho data ezisemthethweni, izilwanyana yokulondoloza "Nechkinsky" wayemela iintlobo 213 ekuyo (umhlaba) izilwanyana. Iingcali lubonisa ubukho nezinye iintlobo ezintathu, kodwa akukho idatha echanekileyo. Kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo wanyamalala muskrat ngokupheleleyo. Ngokubanzi, ngokutsho iingcali, uluhlu izilwanyana abafuna ngokutsha esibi kunye nokuphuculwa ngakumbi.

Ngokusekelwe amaphepha University Udmurt kokuba Kungaphikiswa ukuba iintlobo-155 iintaka ahlale epakini. Le ndawo kuwa phantsi sites yokwakha. iintlobo amathathu kuphela abantu abahlala apha ngokusisigxina, abanye - zifuduka.

Le paki esilawulwa ziintaka, ngokuqhelekileyo kwiindawo amahlathi kunye omanzi. Isabelo iintaka emathafeni kakhulu zingabalulekanga.

Amahlathi kuhlala ngabameli zilandelayo izilwanyana: iielk, ingqawa, ibhere elimdaka, ithafa lokhwalimanzi, shrew eqhelekileyo, iinkuni mouse, eli beaver, nomatse eqhelekileyo, weasel, marten, yasendle, weasel, nembila, impungutye, ingcuka, weasel, otter.

Le paki ifumene ezingenamqolo ngaphezu kwama 2,000, abaninzi apha nezinambuzane, nto leyo ehambisana kunye ubukho wezandyondyo kunye nemigxobhozo.

zesikhumbuzo Natural "Nechkinsky" National Park

Kwi ipaki kukho ezikhumbuzo ezisibhozo endalo, ezo ixabiso ebalulekileyo zolonwabo. Ezi ziquka iphecana "Halevy" yaye "Nechkinskoe" umthombo "Makarov" Siwa umlomo lomlambo, ichibi eyanele, umgquba amadobo "Kemulskoe" yaye "Pure Kostovatovskoe".

kumahlathi ecaleni imifula ixabiso olondolozo lwamanzi enkulu. Zonke ezikhumbuzo yendalo zibalulekile imisebenzi yesayensi neyokufundisa, ngokunjalo abe ithuba elikhulu zolonwabo. An into umdla kukuba iindawo ezahlukeneyo izilwanyana eziphilayo nezityalo, ke nendawo kule ndawo. Kunye zakha uluntu elikhethekileyo obungaqhelekanga, ezithi zivele zingabonakali kongaphandle.

imisebenzi yesayensi

Abasebenzi park yi umsebenzi yenzululwazi esebenzayo kwicala zembali eziphilayo. Ukubakho iziza zakudala amathathu ufuna ukufunda kwabo eneenkcukacha kunye nesiqinisekiso.

Phambi kokuba amagosa le misebenzi ilandelayo:

1. Ukuhlolisisa enezityalo nezilwanyana lonke epakini.
2. Injongo uhlolo inane "Red Book" kunye neentlobo ezinqabileyo.
3. Ekuqhubeni uphando obalulekileyo eziliqela ezimbalwa.

imisebenzi Scientific "Nechkinsky" National Park kubalulekile. Phakathi kwabo, umdla ethile na uhlobo Chronicle, esiqhutywa ukususela ngo-2005. Abasebenzi zesebe lwenzululwazi kummandla okhuselweyo apapashe rhoqo imisebenzi yabo, phakathi kwawo:

1. Nundu izilwanyana epakini.
2. Corydalis National Park.
3. beetle Fauna ezisehlathini.
4. Iziphumo zophando, amabhungane longhorn.

Sebenza kakhulu, bebugubungele enezityalo nezilwanyana yale paka "Nechkinsky". Ukongeza, abasebenzi basebenzisana ixakeke kakhulu kunye nenani yokuhamba, imibutho uphando, iimyuziyam, kunye zenja. Partnership Scientific kunceda imisebenzi yophando sikhokelo kwaye kusasazwe iziphumo zomsebenzi hayi kuphela kwisangqa emxinwa eengcali, kodwa phakathi kuluntu ngokubanzi, ngoko itsale abantu, ukunikezela ukuba iingxaki endalo.