Monument - is ... The zodumo zehlabathi

Ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, abantu babeka ezikhumbuzo kunye ezikhumbuzo ezahlukeneyo phambili imemori ubuntu Mbasa okanye iziganeko. Le lesikhumbuzo - ilitye lesikhumbuzo leyo zizakubalulwa imilinganiso yalo enkulu. Namhlanje, xa kumazwekazi ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi zichazwe amawaka ezikhumbuzo ngobukhulu ezahlukeneyo neemilo.

Monument - a ...

Yintoni na lesikhumbuzo? Kukho iintlobo ezininzi izakhiwo nezikhumbuzo, enye yazo na ilitye lesikhumbuzo. Esi lesikhumbuzo ekhethekileyo, esibonakala bubungakanani enkulu kunye neefom omkhulukazi. Ezi mpawu zimbini ukubeka nje ngaphandle ukusuka lesikhumbuzo njengesiqhelo. Nangona sesakhiwo amagama amabini kaninzi oku bekwenza abe ntonye.

Iyintoni na intsingiselo yegama elithi 'lesikhumbuzo "? Ngoko ke, lo gama livela kwisiLatini kwaye eliguqulelwe ngokuthi "isikhumbuzo memory" (monumentum). Ngokubanzi, naliphi na lesikhumbuzo unako kubizwa ilitye lesikhumbuzo ukuba inkulu.

iintlobo ezahlukeneyo izakhiwo omkhulukazi nga kuthathelwa ingqalelo ilitye lesikhumbuzo Uzuko. Le lesikhumbuzo, nto leyo isekwe ngenjongo phambili uloyiso emfazweni, okanye idabi ebalulekileyo. Ngoko ke, kweli lizwe lethu aqhelekile Uzuko Monument, sakhiwe imbeko balombutho kwexesha War Patriotic Enkulu 1941-1945.

Kumazwe post-eSoviet, kwezakhiwo zodumo Odumo nga kuthathelwa ingqalelo i isakhiwo enkumbulo "Le looMawokhulu" Volgograd naseKiev, Ilitye eliSisikhumbuzo Uzuko e naseNovosibirsk, i Obelisk Uzuko e Dnepropetrovsk kunye nabanye.

Xa lwezithuba ezidolophini ezikhumbuzo bakholisa ukuba ahlale indawo ebaluleke kakhulu. bavame embindini isikwere, kwakunye zokuqala phambili uphuhliso lwedolophu.

Imbali ezikhumbuzo

I ngqa kwimbali ezikhumbuzo aba Iizilebhu lengcwaba yesiqhelo kunye izakhiwo phezu kwamangcwaba. Nazi ke ezikhumbuzo yokuqala ezisebenza umsebenzi ethile sisikhumbuzo, kwakukho sele zikarhulumente laseRoma yamandulo. Ezi Iingqameko ekhumbulekayo, imiqolo kunye eqingqiweyo kwabalawuli baseRoma.

Enyanisweni, lo lesikhumbuzo yokuqala eYurophu yaqala ukubonakala kuphela kwinkulungwane XIX. Ngabo babizwa ngokuba neengqameko loloyiso nemihlathi kunye iiobelisk (ezifana ezinqabileyo yamandulo). Kumazwe zasempuma, ezikhumbuzo zonqulo kwande - omkhulu eqingqiweyo Buddha, ngegolide engathi ngumfanekiswana okanye eyenziwe ngokupheleleyo ngegolide.

Le zodumo

Sibala ezinye ezikhumbuzo ubalaseleyo ezakhiwe kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi kunye ixhaphakileyo imifanekiso zokuhamba kunye nabakhenkethi.

Mhlawumbi, indawo yokuqala kolu luhlu ezikhumbuzo kube libambe i Statue of Liberty eNew York. ukuphakama kwakhe - iimitha 93, kunye nomfanekiso ngokwayo yasekwa ngo-1886. Amakhulu zabakhenkethi imihla atyelele eli lesikhumbuzo ebalaseleyo. Okumangalisayo kukuba, lo ilitye lesikhumbuzo kwaye yenza umsebenzi yokukhangela, njengoko inkomba obalaseleyo kakhulu oomatiloshe.

Akukho kangako abakhenkethi ke umfanekiso oqingqiweyo ka-Yesu Kristu eRio de Janeiro. Ngu tshe 46 eemitha eziphakamileyo, omi phezu kwentaba, yenza kusiyiwa qho ngonyaka phantse zizigidi ezibini nabahambi.

Kaloku, lo kunazo zonke e ihlabathi umfanekiso oqingqiweyo ka Spring Temple Buddha e China. ukuphakama kwalo lilonke kweemitha 153, wamisa Buddha ngo-2002.

Phakathi ezikhumbuzo edume kakhulu futhi inkulu elalisakuba yiSoviet Union kufuneka ngokuba lesikhumbuzo uLenin e Volgograd (ukuphakama 57 meters), lo ukukrola ezaziwayo-kakuhle "waseFama kunye Collective Farm Girl" eMoscow (ukuphakama 58 meters), kwakunye Monument Ukuzimela e Kiev (ukuphakama 61 meters).

Ekuphetheni

Ngoko ke, kukho iintlobo ezininzi ezikhumbuzo: eqingqiweyo, kwimifanekiso eqingqiweyo, izikhumbuzo, izikhumbuzo, amatshe. Phakathi kwabo bodwa ngokwahlukileyo lesikhumbuzo. It is a lesikhumbuzo zobungakanani ingakumbi enkulu, nto leyo ifakelwe imbeko umntu othile okanye isiganeko esithile nembali. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ezi zakhiwo azifani monumentality, isikali kunye komthendeleko.