Mineralogical Museum. Fersman. Mineralogical Museum eMoscow

Inzululwazi yendalo myuziyam-uhlobo iziko yokuqala eRussia Kunstkammer, yasekwa uPeter Omkhulu. Le ibandakanya obambeleyo okanye isifundo, apho wabonisa ingqokelela kwezimbiwa, umlawuli savela iDanzig. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, inani lezinto liye landa, kwaye kwagqitywa ekubeni ukumisela eyahlukileyo Geological kunye Mineralogical Museum.

Imbali (iminyaka ukuya ku 1934)

Ngowe-1725, lo nyaka Mineralogical yeKhabhinethi Kunstkammer yathatyathwa yi-Academy of Sciences, kunye nokuqokelelwa lakhe sele zihlaziyiwe kwez iisampuli ezintsha. Ukuhlelwa kwabo benza Lomonosov ukuba 1754, ngomnyaka wesithoba laqulunqa ikhathalogu oluneenkcukacha imiboniso ezilulutho enkulu zenzululwazi. Ekupheleni kwale XVIII kwekhulu, lwabo lwamanani wafika-10 amawaka, inkoliso yabo kwaziswa abaseli entlolazwe kungena omncinane-eyaziwayo ngelo xesha iimbombo Russian Empire, kubandakanya zeAltai kunye Transbaikalia. Ngoko ke, ngo-1836 kuye kwagqitywa ekubeni kusekwe Mineralogical Museum eyahlukileyo. Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XIX, ngenxa yokwanda ekuqokelelweni imiboniso ezinxulumene komhlaba kunye kwesayensi, umsebenzi ophambili kweli ziko latshintshwa. Noko ke, ngo-1912 phantsi kwesikhokelo zezazinzulu Mbasa ezifana Vernadsky, A. Fersman kunye Kryzhanovskii Museum iye kwakhona yaba liziko enkulu yophando kwicandelo mineralogy kuBukhosi Russian. Emva kokuba October Revolution, ahlelwe zobuntlola kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo waseUSSR, kunye neesampuli bakhuphe natyetyiswa iziseko yenzululwazi, okwenza ukuba enye kunayo enkulu ehlabathini. ke Ngelo xesha linye iinkokheli myuziyam uyiphathisiweyo A. academician Fersman, ogama igalelo mineralogy kuphuhliso ayikwazi nemikhuba.

Imbali (emva kweminyaka 1934)

Ngowe-1934, kunye ne-Academy of Sciences ye Mineralogical Museum wafudukela eMoscow. wabeka Its kwelinye izakhiwo yimbali kwi kwilifa "umyezo Kukruqula." Uyilelwe yi Count Orlov-Chesmensky ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XIX njengesikolo ekhwele, yaye kamva waba ube iholo yokwamkela e Alexandria Palace. Ngowe-1956 Mineralogical Museum (Moscow) yathiywa emva A. academician Fersman, nto leyo iminyaka engaphezu kwama-28 (de ekufeni kwakhe) kwakhokelela eli ziko kwaye wenza igalelo elikhulu kuphuhliso yayo.

incazelo

Mineralogical Museum. Fersman uye iholo enye enkulu mboniso, ahlanganise indawo 1.2 amawaka square metres. Yahlulahlulwe yaba ngamacandelo amabini, nto leyo eziku zokuhlola ngaphezu ezimbini imiboniso weendawo. Kulo inxalenye yokuqala, iindwendwe aya kubona amacandelo abazinikele kwimbali lwembali, i systematics ze izimbiwa kunye ziikristale, iinkqubo ehlukene, namadlelo mineralogy, Meteorite, izimbiwa ezintsha, njl Inxalenye yesibini eholweni kuhlala yi mboniso :. "Le ziikristale amazwekazi ezintlanu", "iintlobo izimbiwa yokuba indalo", " amatye anqabileyo and semi-elixabisekileyo, "" ezahlukeneyo kweentlobo kwezimbiwa ", neentetho malunga ezinye imichiza, imibala kunye neempawu zomzimba kwezimbiwa. Nangona ezinye iindwendwe ngalo imyuziyam ezifundweni zakhe okanye into yokuba ngamanye amaxesha inkcazelo imiboniso museum uhlolo kufutshane ujika kushicilelwa umatshini wokuchwetheza, oko elinomtsalane yayo kunye nendlela. Kukuba yenzululwazi kunye iziko lemfundo eyasekwayo phantse 300 kwiminyaka eyadlulayo!

Mineralogical Museum. Fersmana: Ingqokelela

Pebbles brilliant Kwakukuhle abantu ukususela kumaxesha kokubhalwa kwembali. amatye kumnandi baba imihombiso yokuqala boluntu! Ngoko ke, lo umdla inkulu ukuqokelelwa lolondolozo lwembali oluqulethe izimbiwa kunye nesakhiwo crystalline ngokukhawuleza. Xa zizonke, kuba iqulathe ngaphezulu kweminyaka emine kwaye iwaka nesiqingatha iisampulu ezimele iinkqubo ezisixhenxe ngumkhenkce, kunye neeminerali, ofana nawo.

Enye ingqokelela umdla zanikezelwa awe esibhakabhakeni. Bona zihlelwa izimbiwa imvelaphi komhlaba kwaye yahlulwe intsimbi, ilitye yentsimbi-namatye. Phakathi kwazo kukho ezi Anaki bokwenene umz, zimpahla gqobhoza "Boguslavka" enikezelwa iinxalenye ezimbini ubunzima 198,6 no 58.1 eekhilogram, okanye "Kainsaz" iziqwenga ubunzima 210 kg ogama iyonke.

Kwinkcazelo kakhulu ethandwa

Mineralogical Museum. Fersman has ingqokelela omangalisayo anqabileyo kunye namatye semi-anqabileyo, kwakunye nemveliso kubo, ibangela umdla omkhulu phakathi iindwendwe. Kakhulu 8000 imifanekiso. Avuleke iphambili yalo ngqokelela, obakhe imyuziyam (bona ifoto. Ngezantsi), zezona ivazi kakhulu Malachite kunye neyayinobutofotofo imisebenzi yobugcisa koomasifundisane ka Charles Feberzhe inkampani izacholo edumileyo, ezinikelwe imyuziyam esuka kubantu abazimeleyo okanye zihluthwe ngexesha Revolution.

Fersman Mineralogical Museum: ukufumana kunye namaxabiso itikiti nendlela

Ukuze ubone ukuqokelelwa elikhulu kwezimbiwa eRashiya, kufuneka uye kwi Leninsky Prospekt, ukuya yokumisa ibhasi "Hospital of St. Alexis." Ukusuka apho ufuna besiya emyezweni zixwebile kwaye jika ngasekunene. Ivula iiyure: ukusuka 11,00 ukuya 17.00. Mineralogical Museum. Fersmana ivulwa ukususela ngoLwesithathu ukuya ngeCawa. itikiti "abadala" kubiza 200 engange, nabantwana besikolo, abafundi kunye nabameli ezinye iindidi ezikhethwayo tyelela iya kuxabisa 100 engange. Ukongeza, zonke ngenyanga kwi ngoLwesithathu yokuqala neyokugqibela womnyango zonke iindwendwe ukhululekile. Njengoko zeehambo, ukususela iqela equlathe labafundi, amajoni, abadla umhlala-phantsi kunye nezinye abamkeli inzuzo iya kuhlawuliswa engange 2,000, kunye nabanye abemi abadala (iqela labantu ubuncinane 15) - 3000 engange.

Ukufika ezintsha

Moscow Mineralogical Museum (imiboniso photo akanako ukunika uluvo epheleleyo nokuqhama ingqokelela wayo), nangona ngeminyaka kunye nobukhulu bendawo tercentenary kwemali, akakwazi kuhlala injalo. Ngapha koko, isayensi Kwakumi ngxi kwaye usoloko efumaneka izimbiwa ezintsha. Phakathi yokugqibela ukuze kuphawulwe uqhubeka clinochlore kunye Korshunovskogo yam (indawo Irkutskaia) ubungakanani neametiste-18 cm Dalnegorsk, ukususela Mexico kubamangali, obutofotofo neametiste geodes ukuphakama 93 cm, desyatisantimetrovyh corundum phambene unique ebomvu-orange Dalnegorsky zwi, hematite, njl toothfish.

reviews

Le myuziyam mineralogical eMoscow iminyaka emininzi nomdla ikakhulu nabani na onomdla zenzululwazi zendalo. Xa nokubuyekezwa, iindwendwe soze wadana, kuba yonke into ndabona baziswa indalo ogqibeleleyo indalo. Ukongeza, iindwendwe ezininzi bathi ezibalaseleyo kulwazi erudition athatyathwe ukulawula ukugqithisa ulwazi ngendlela efikelelekayo, kwanabo abangazange wayethanda mineralogy.

Kanye e Moscow, qiniseka ukuba kutyelela Fersmanovsky imyuziyam apho uqhelane namanye ngawona eziphambili kunye mandulo zendalo.