Lydia Smirnova: PIU, engobomi nobomi zabucala (ifoto)

NoLidiya Nikolaevna Smirnova (1915-2007) - ngumdlali odumileyo zabe yeqonga, Artist Abantu ngayo waseUSSR, i-USSR State Prize. Uninzi ababukeli Soviet khumbula loo iifilimu Lidii Smirnovoy njenge "Detective Ilali", "Uthando lwam", "Carnival", "Ukubuya unyana." Akukho ethandwayo kangako baba bhanyabhanya ezifana "The Marriage Bal'zaminova", "bokwenza Shelter" kunye nabanye abaninzi.

ebuntwaneni

Lydia Smirnova, engobomi neya achazwe kweli nqaku, wazalelwa Tobolsk ngo-1915. ngifuna actress Umama wasweleka xa kwayona-4 iminyaka. Esi siganeko kwakhokelwa omnye yintlekele: umzalwana nyanga-9 ubudala, Lida yawa phantsi ilitye, hit intloko yakhe, nto leyo eyakhokelela ekufeni lenkwenkwe. Umama babengenakukuthwala oko yaye ziyageza, waza ke wafa. Ke Lidiya Smirnova ilahlekile noyise. Xa War Civil waqalisa, waya ngaphambili walwa ecaleni abelungu. Le ntombazana wahlala ebino-Peter (umntakwabo likayise) kunye nomfazi wakhe, Maroussi. Kwafika iindaba kokufa kukayise, kunye Lida wasala wayeyinkedama. Nantsi indlela ekhumbula iziganeko: "Into yokuba inyathelo-I, ndafunda kuphela emva kokugqiba. Umalume wam umakazi wayenabantwana ababini. UPetros wayesebenza ezimali, kunye Maroussia wabaleka indlu yaye wenza kwimfundo yethu. Emva koko safudukela eMoscow, kodwa ubomi umzi kwaba nzima. "

ulutsha

Esikolweni, uLidiya Smirnova wafunda nto ngokukhuthala okukhulu. kakubi yakhe rhoqo kuxoxwe ngootitshala. Enye ntwazana yayidlala amakhwenkwe eklasini kwaye ngempazamo yaphosa njengesihlalo ngefestile. Wawa phezu kwentloko yomntu odlulayo. Waphuke kakhulu, kwaye odlulayo akanankathalo, athi amapolisa. Ku ngokukhawuleza ebezibanjwe libhunga lootitshala, apho wagqiba kwelokuba singasondeli esikolweni Lida. Kamva, nangona kunjalo, esi sigqibo yabhukuqa, waza wahlala apho esikolweni. Emva kokuphumelela iiklasi ezisixhenxe, umdlali elizayo yagqiba ukuya ekholejini, yaye emva waba umncedisi laboratory kwi-Ofisi kushishino lweenqwelo le. Ngokuhlwa xesha Lida khona izifundo e Institute of Aviation. Ngelo ngokupheleleyo-xesha, wayengakwazi ukwenza ngenxa yokungabikho kwemali.

omdala

Ngowe-1932, uLidiya Smirnova, ogama engobomi kuye kwafika kubo bonke abalandeli umsebenzi wakhe, eshiya indlu. Isizathu soku ke, kubonakala akwazuza - umdlali elizayo ilahliwe kwi ingqayi emgangathweni amazimba. Ebona oku, lo umakazi abophe phezu Lido ngamanqindi bakhe, indebe amantombazana nomonde yayizele. Ngosuku olulandelayo yena wathi kum ngale meko kumqashi wakhe. Waya intlanganiso kwaLidiya; banikwe ukuze pha wo engange ezimakhulu mathathu, wabafunela Smirnova igumbi elincinane. Baqala ngaloo ndlela ubomi bakhe abadala.

umshado

Kulo nyaka, uLidiya Smirnova watshata Intatheli oneminyaka engama-27 ubudala Sergei Dobrushina. Umdlali zokufuna wadibana naye ski. Ngokutsho memoirs Smirnova, wabuyela kunye nabahlobo kwi kwisiseko ski. Ukudibana kwawo elinye iqela abaqubhi, leyo ivale guy ebukekayo. Lida wabamba amehlo akhe phezu kwam, ngoko ke wajonga ngasemva waza waya ngqo omnye komnye. Kwinyanga kamva, esi sibini tsakela ukubhiyozela umtshato.

iziko wokubonelwa

Singalindelanga bonke Lydia Smirnova, engobomi elinokuba ngumzekelo ukulandela njengoko, washiya kunyaka wesi-2 Aviation Institute kwaye kwafakwa ezintathu kwiziko oxwlwa: isikolo Vakhtangov, iYunivesithi kunye esikolweni istudiyo Chamber Theatre. Kwathatha yonke indawo, kodwa ukhetho lwabo Smirnov wayeka kwinguqulelo lokugqibela kufutshane ukuya endlwini. School aqhutywa Alexander Tairov. Xa Lida waphumelela izifundo zakhe, wanikela yakhe indawo yemiboniso yakhe. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba isimemo wathola abafundi ezimbini kuphela kwesi sikolo. Chamber Theatre ke ngelo xesha ethandwa kakhulu, kwaye Smirnova banikela indima ephambili kule movie "Uthando My". ULydia wakhetha movie. Kwindawo yokubonela, wakwazi ukuba ukudlala kuphela kulo mdlalo "I basebukhosini." Emva koko, i-Chamber waya kuhambo, kunye Lidia Smirnova, ifoto ezo apha, ekuqaleni sokubambela umsebenzi.

umsebenzi Early

"Nastenka Ustinova" - oku kuqala umboniso apho wadlala indima eye- ngo-1934. Le umsebenzi real baqalisa Lida kunye womzobo "uthando lwam." Emva kokukhutshwa bhanyabhanya yaseqongeni umtsalane shura otshonileyo iintliziyo neengqondo inani elikhulu ngababukeli. Sinokuthi ukuba umdlali edlala yena. Hyori lee njengoko Lida, wayezele nethemba, amandla kunye nokholo nekamva eliqaqambileyo. Emva kokuba i- movie Smirnova ukhumbula oku: "Loo mhla bonwabileyo. ELeningrad and eMoscow, portraits zam hung kuyo yonke indawo. Kubo iiyadi zeza iingoma ezibhaliweyo lo mboniso Dunayevsky. Zibonakaliswa nam esitratweni waza wabiza shura, kungekhona Lida. Nemityikityo ibhala abaninzi oonobumba. " Lydia Smirnova, ubomi yakho leyo unenzondelelo ngexesha utshintsho, ku tsakela. Waye babethandana kunye umqambi Isaakom Dunaevskim picture. Lovers bahlangana kwelo gumbi ezintathu-suite bakaIsake ehotele "eMoscow". Oku ke lonke ixesha ukudubula, eyathatha iinyanga eziliqela. Emva koko, uLidiya isisu. Ngelishwa, emva koko akaba saba ukukhulelwa. Ngoko ke, ukuba azise abadlali fans ubuchule abo ukhangela ulwazi "Lydia Smirnova, abantwana", - kwafuneka yona.

ochaza ubushushu entsha

Ebutsheni bowe-1940, umdlali waya Yalta sokudubula imifanekiso "xa mlilo." Yonke imihla Dunaevskii uLidiya wathumela iileta iileta. Yaye ngoxa uIsake phezu kwalo oziphosileyo, Smirnova babe oyithandayo entsha. Yena wamthanda Valeria Ushakova, ngubani isikhundla sokuba umphathi enqanaweni "Kuban". iintlanganiso zawo zaye zabanjwa kuyimfihlo kwaye kugcinwa ziyimfihlo evgeniya Shnaydera (umqondisi ifilimu). Le noveli wayesaziwa kuphela abadlali abambalwa abaye bancedisa kunye ngothando. Noko ke, wafika kanye kwigumbi abantu likaLidiya olungaxelwanga evela kwikomiti ukuhlolwa, kunye Ushakov kwafuneka ukuba behle iwindow amaxwebhu anxulumene. Dunaevskii waqhubeka ulangazelela Smirnova imkhuphe incwadi yocingo, yaye emva kokubuya umdlali wanikela ngesandla kunye intliziyo yakhe. Lydia wala.

Imfazwe kunye nokufa iqabane

Xa kwaqalisa imfazwe, Sergei Dobrušin (umyeni umdlali edlala ngayo) waya ngaphambili. Ngelo xesha, uLidiya Smirnova, ogama PIU kuquka ngaphezu kokuba imizobo elinesibini, ndandihlala eMoscow kwaye bhanya busy ukulwa kinosbornikah. Ebusuku, yena kucinywa iziqhushumbisi sigade. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ngenxa yokuthandwa kwayo, wakwazi ukuba umyeni wakhe ukuba ngaphambili, uyibambe iintsuku ezi-3. Kungekudala emva kokuba Sergei wafa kufuphi ESmolensk. Actress bothuka ukufa kweqabane. Beka umsebenzi wakhe - "Mosfilm" - babalekiswa ku Alma-Ata. Apho, uLydia waqala wamquqela ubabalo Vladimir Rapoport (umsebenzisi) kwaye Friedrich Ermler (director). Abadlali kwafuneka ukuba azibulale. Kanye xa noLidiya Smirnova kunye Vera Maretskaya wahlala endlini enye, baya Ermler. Weza amaqanda 2 abilayo neoli-isibane. weza Emva Rapoport waza wabanika amaqanda-30 ukusuka isabelo sabo. Marecki wathi: "Ngaba ucinga? Friedrich iza kunxiba lonke ixesha emaqandeni-2, kunye Vladimir uya kunikela yonke into anayo! "

Ukugula and umshado

E Alma-Ata, Smirnova noLidiya (yeqonga kunye film weqonga) phantse wabulawa esifo. Xa waya izilungiso, i Rapoport iye ingqongwe yakhe ukunyanyekelwa: ngaphandle ezintabeni kunye nesibhengezo yothando. Kwiminyaka kamva, uLidiya ukhumbula oku: "emva kwam ngoko abantu abaninzi bezama ukuphumeza kuphindaphindeko enye kuphela ngokwenene bekhathalelwe, ndisazi njengoko bangenakuzinceda kuphela." Kungekudala umdlali watshata waza wahlala kunye Vladimir de kwasa ekufeni kwakhe ngowe-1975.

Movies sempi

ixesha Imfazwe waqhama kakhulu kwikhondo Smirnova bokudala. Test zesiFundo lemfazwe, ubuqhawe, ilahleko noqhekeko abasetyhini kunye nokumelana ekwenzeni weempawu zayo bachukunyiswa lonke moviegoers Soviet. Ngowe-1941 kwafika iifilimu ezimbini kunye nenxaxheba yakhe: "Ababini" yaye "Silinde ukuba kuphumelela." Kwaye ngo 1942 yena ufumene indima ephambili film "A guy emzini wethu." Ngo-1943, bekukho iifilimu abathathu: "kunxweme Native", "Missing" yaye "Ikhusela kwilizwe." "Marine Ibutho" - esinye umfanekiso yomkhosi ka-1944, nelawula ukurhoxisa Smirnova noLidiya. Umdlali wamjonga ngokugqibeleleyo yakhe.

Le minyaka yasemva kwemfazwe

Emva kwemfazwe, uLydia waqhubeka kuvela rhoqo kwi ifilimu indima yabafazi yamaqhawe. Ukongeza, ukuba yayintsha neendima umlinganiswa hayi, ingakumbi i negative. Umzekelo, wadlala ihenyukazi Beit Flossie ngo-1953 le filimu Silver Siluthuli '. Ngokwahlukeneyo ufuna ukukhankanya womzobo "Oodade" Lidii Smirnovoy, wabanjwa 1957. Indima-Nasty Bugs ngumdlali weqonga ngomnye kakhulu othandekayo. Ngowe-1964, wafumana indima wabantu kule odumileyo "Marriage Bal'zaminova". Kulo nyaka Wayedlala yiLidiya "Namkelekile" kagqirha kunye Duska othengisayo kumjikelo ka Aniskina bhanya. Interesting iqiniso - kule 1950 yokuqala, xa kwishishini lokwenziwa kweefilim waba nengxaki, Smirnov ufuna ukutshintsha wobugcisa, yaye baqalisa ukufunda isikhundla sihlalo Kolkhoz. Noko ke, uthando cinema wayenamandla.

Iinoveli rhoqo kwaye indima entsha

Ngowe-1953, phezu amisiweyo Kislovodsk actress ndathandana nalo mlawuli Michael Kalatozova. Uthe naye indima ifilimu yakhe "Abahlobo True". Lydia bala ukuvela, yaye indawo yayo yathathwa yi-Lilia Gritsenko. Ukwala umdlali zange kuchaphazela ulwalamano kunye nomlawuli, baza baqhubeka kumkhawulela. Kalatozov othile, wada wanikela Smirnova baxhase ulwalamano, Bayishiya emveni koko eGeorgia. Noko ke, xa ubomi likaLidiya kubekho omnye umntu - umlawuli uKonstantin Voinov. Yaba nguye lowo wanikela umdlali edlala indima ephambili ifilimu yakhe "Oodade". Home Affairs ngazo phantse iminyaka engama-40. Noko ke, oku akuzange ayeke umdlali ukuthandana entsha. Enye Smirnova ukhethe waba ngumlawuli Leo Rudnik. Yaba yeyona ovuthuzayo Roman Smirnovoy, ova kude ngaphaya umdlali lowo eliphakathi. Ngenxa yale wam wagxothwa Communist Party. Ngelo xesha Voinov wanika umdlali ithuba lokuba ukusebenza indima entsha ngenxa yakhe, waqala ukudlala Smirnova namaqhawekazi ubudala. Kwincwadi yakhe, Lidia wabhala wathi: "Mna wayeyoliswa kakhulu Constantine, kodwa waba indoda (umtshato sesikweni), abo babelinde ekhaya. Kwafuneka ukuqesha igumbi baphile ubomi obumbaxa. Warriors waphosa mna nomfazi wam kunye nentombi yam, ndaza wamngcatshayo, esithi ndandingakwazi ashiye indoda abagulela ukufa. Rapoport waba iziko somhlaza kunye nomhlaza isisu. YooGqirha wanika ichiza, yeeseshoni zokukhanya lwenziwa, kodwa umphumo wakhululwa ngenxa yokuba bengakwazi ukunceda ngaphezu nantoni na. "

kwakhona umhlolokazi

Rapoport zaye unesifo ngo-1962 kwi-Sklifosovsky Institute, apho wayelele kwiwadi jikelele kunye nezigulane 17. Emva koko Smirnov wacela uncedo koogxa abaphezulu, kodwa wafumana akukho mpendulo. Ke Lydia waya kwiKomiti Central, kodwa akazange ancedakale. Amagosa akazange babonakala ukuva isicelo sakhe. Ke Lidia wagqiba ekubeni anikezele ikhadi lakhe lobulungu ukuya kwenye yeenkokheli yeKomiti Central. Rapoport Ngokukhawuleza igqithiselwe MC esibhedlele CPSU. Ngenxa yokunakekela nemizamo nomfazi wakhe, uVladimir waphila iminyaka eli-13 waza wafa ngoJuni 1975. Kunyaka ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe, uYesu wenza isipho Smirnova iminyaka 60 - indima yesibini umboniso komdyarho lwemizobo Aniskina.

Lydia wakhumbula: "Vladimir ibisoloko ebathandile kwaye wandikhusela ngathi uyise nokuba ngunina. Ndamnika kuphela yimbandezelo, ixhala, kwaye ngunobangela nomona. Ndicinga wakhetha ukuba akusekho mfuneko - ukuphulukana mna okanye nam yaye ndininyamezele ethile. Ezingqongileyo ndaxelelwa ukuba bitch intuthumbo le ndoda ingcwele. Kuthekani umntu lowo kwaba lula ... Abo bahlala umntu omthandayo okanye umntu oqhubeka ukuhlala bamzalele? Noko ke, yena waye wagula kakhulu kwaye asinakho ukulishiya kuye. wayeza kubulawa kwangoko kuye. "

Phezu kwazo zonke, umdlali Lidia Smirnova, ogama ubomi lobuqu yayingazinzanga kakhulu, waqhubeka ngokubonakalayo kwiminyaka 70-80. Ngowe-1981, umlinganiswa bozithabatha yoviwo Iriny Muravovoy ngo "Carnival" film.

Ixesha post-Soviet

Smirnov - enye iinkwenkwezi ezimbalwa movie yiSoviet, okhoyo ukuvela kwi bhanya post-eSoviet. Ngowe-1990 yena wathabatha inxaxheba imiboniso ezintlanu, yaye 2000 - nditsho ezine. Kude kuse ebudaleni ikwandim Smirnova ebisebenza kakhulu ezingenamandla. Waba lilungu lebhodi ye-Union of Cinematographers kunye National Academy of Motion Umfanekiso Arts, inxaxheba kwimisebenzi yasekuhlaleni, yaye abaninzi baya eRashiya.

ukuzenza

Lidia yaba mbi kakhulu kwaye ngehlombe umntu, yaye ngenxa yoko ke badla wacela uncedo. Smirnov waba ingqokelela onodoli izinxibo emveli, emi lonke udonga endlini yakhe. Wayendithanda bonisa abamenywa bakhe. actress Okuninzi asithandayo intenetya, bekhwele ihashe, slalom amaphenyane, ukuphulaphula umculo weklasiki kwaye waya ballet.

ukufa

ULidiya Smirnova wafa eMoscow ngo-2007 emva kwengulo ende. Angcwatywa ecaleni indoda eneminyaka Vvedensky emangcwabeni. Malunga ubomi umdlali wenza documentary film.