Lung Umhlaza - isiyaluyalu imihla yethu

Lung umhlaza yenye zomhlaza ixhaphakileyo ehlabathini. Izinto ezibangela umhlaza wemiphunga yahlukile:

• Ukutshaya ngumba ubungozi 85-90% yamatyala - kuba zombini abatshayayo and non-abatshayayo aba kufutshane yaye banyanzelwa ukuba abasezela umsi wecuba - abatshayayo kwisixando sokwenziwa. Amathuba umhlaza wemiphunga ixhomekeke ixesha lilonke kwiminyaka icuba, inani yecuba watshaya ngosuku, ubunzulu kunye nohlobo ugwayi esokuqala. Amathuba umhlaza wemiphunga zixhomekeke yobudala apho abantu baqala ukutshaya, kamsinyane ingozi ephezulu. icuba iqulethe ziyityhefu kwaye umhlaza izinto: CO, acetaldehyde, ammonia, benzene, formaldehyde, IVinyl chloride, njl

• Xa kubomi bemihla ngemihla ngayo kwakhona radiation ukwanda kunokwenzeka. Umthombo oku kube igesi radioactive radon, nto leyo akhiwa ukubola radioactive of uranium. Radon ekhululwa izibilini zehlabathi, ematyeni, igrabile, amatye, iindawo imigodi igrabile kunye nezinto zokwakha. Radon ongena umzimba ngamanzi nomoya.

• zempilo Human nako abachatshazelwa iimeko zokusebenza - izinto ngobuchule. Kuye singqiniwe ukuba umhlaza wemiphunga ixhaphake kakhulu abasebenzi asbestos, amalahle, chromium, nickel kunye namanye amashishini imigodi kunye processing. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba ubukho asbestos emsebenzini kudityaniswe ukutshaya kwandisa umngcipheko umhlaza wemiphunga-phindwe ngaphezu kwesihlanu.

• Imihla iyoluka kunye nokudumba engapheliyo inwebu kwemiphunga inegalelo kuphuhliso umhlaza wemiphunga.

• Kwaye isifo kuqwalaselwa enobungozi ingozi yokuba umhlaza wemiphunga. Umntu bayagula lokuqala umhlaza wemiphunga kwakhona. Kwimeko umhlaza wemiphunga idla akukho iimpawu eziphambili ethile. Malunga 5-15% amatyala, esi sifo ifunyanwa ngexesha a random esifubeni X-reyi kwizigulane kunye akukho iimpawu okanye iimpawu zokugula. Kwiimeko ezininzi, izigulane ndwendwela ugqirha ngenxa nesikhalazo: ukhohlela, isikhohlela, nto leyo ibe ligazi, ukuphelelwa umoya kunye neentlungu esifubeni. Kodwa phambi kokuba mpawu zingasentla ivele iimpawu eziqhelekileyo: ukudinwa, ubuthathaka, ukwehla kobunzima, imnyama, ifiva, igazi. Ekuphunyezweni imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla, abantu kufuneka ixesha elingakumbi ukuphumla, uphawula nentliziyo okukhawulezayo, ekube ngaphambili. Ukongeza, umhlaza wemiphunga utshisa ancedisana ezingqongileyo - luvo plexus le kuvuleke iminxunya, intliziyo. Kule meko, esi sifo sele wamkelwe noonobangela iintlungu igxalaba, zemizwa, ubunzima ngokudla, arrhythmias kwentliziyo, ukusilela intliziyo. Iiseli ze umhlaza wemiphunga Ungaya apho kuya egazini zivamvo ezikude - ithambo, isibindi, ingqondo. Ke iimpawu eziqhelekileyo iimpawu isifo ka ukudibanisa iinxalenye ngokwamalungu.

Ngelo xesha loxilongo ngokuqhelekileyo ukufumana ulwazi malunga uhlobo iiseli umhlaza wemiphunga amabi. iseli amancinci kunye nomhlaza non-amancinci iseli lung - Kukho amaqela amabini aphambili, engunobangela kwama-90% yazo zonke iimeko umhlaza wemiphunga na. iseli Ithumba ezincinane ndlongondlongo, ubukhula ngokukhawuleza, oko luphawulwa indawo esembindini, ukwanda (metastasizes) egazini - 2/3 ze metastases ezikude sele ngexesha loxilongo ekuqaleni. Unyango olusisiseko zomhlaza iseli amancinci - uhlobo olufanayo unyango - kusetyenziswe amachiza.

Non-amancinci umhlaza iseli wemiphunga (malunga nama-80% azo zonke imihlaza kwemiphunga) lungohlulwa lube kumaqela amane:

• carcinomas - kwenzeka amaninzi nje umthetho, akhiwa kule yomoya ezinkulu, nangabo kancinci iye yanxulunyaniswa ukutshaya.

• Adenocarcinoma - amiliswe ukusuka kwamadlala inyumoniya epithelial.

• Bronhoalveolny - eqalisiweyo alveoli emiphungeni.

• Bolshekletochny - ngokuqhelekileyo kwakheka kwi kwimiphetho emiphungeni. Kwimeko umhlaza non-ezincinane iseli lung, lo gama inkqubo asiqhenqethanga okanye hayi ababandakanyekayo amalungu ezikufutshane, kusetyenziswa lo msebenzi. Phambi kokuba sigaba nokusebenza elibekwe umhlaza, ubume nkovu node kuqikelelwa, okanye nokuba akukho metastases ezikude. Umthamo umsebenzi zinokwahluka - ngokuxhomekeke ubungakanani kunye nendawo nethumba ngexesha utyando Ungasusa inxalenye enye okanye ngaphezulu (segmentektomiya) share yonke (lobectomy), iinxalenye ezimbini (bilobektomiya) okanye inxalenye lonke lung omnye (pneumonectomy). Emva kotyando, wamisela amayeza edibanayo - nokuba okanye hayi kwimitha kunye / okanye nechemotherapy. Ukuba umsebenzi kunzima ngenxa ukusasazeka ithumba okanye ezihamba izifo usebenzisa unyango radiation.

Akukhuthazwa Ukuhlolwa sesininzi umhlaza wemiphunga.

Uphando yaseYurophu kule ndawo zange ukunika iziphumo ezingcono ukuphuculwa nokuyibulala impahla xa kuthelekiswa nabantu jikelele. Iingcali zikholelwa ukuba abantu abasemngciphekweni omkhulu umhlaza wemiphunga, kucetyiswa kabini ngonyaka bangenele uviwo X-reyi kunye noviwo cytological of isikhohlela. Abatshayayo isifuba X-reyi kuyimfuneko ukuba maluqhutywe ngolu hlobo: ukuya kutsho kwiminyaka 40 - kanye kwiminyaka emibini, emva kweminyaka engama-40 - minyaka yonke.

Ukuyeka ukutshaya, zombini esebenzayo neyokwenziwa nangoku yengundoqo umlinganiselo lokuthintela umhlaza wemiphunga.

Ukuba nangoku kwafunyaniswa ukuba umhlaza wemiphunga, okanye ukuba ufuna ukuqinisekisa uxilongo, okanye ukuba abonisane malunga unyango ekhethiweyo, kufuneka ucinge ukutyelela iikliniki Oncology eJamani, apho iindlela ezintsha isifo kwaye afumane unyango, kwakunye liqela abanamava abaqeqeshelwe lo mhlaba uya kuba nakho ukukunika umgangatho wezempilo.