Linganisa umthamo. Russian linganisa umthamo. umlinganiselo Old umthamo

Ngolwimi yolutsha lwanamhlanje ilizwi "stopudovo" ebonisa ukuchana epheleleyo, ukuzithemba kunye kangangoko. Oko kukuthi "ikhulu neekhilogram" - oku umlinganiselo enkulu umthamo, ukuba mazwi ubunzima obunjalo? Zingaphi kuyenza - limnqole, ukuba nabani na uyazi yokusebenzisa elo gama?

Zicholachole wetyuwa ezimbini

Esi Singqinisiso mandulo yobungakanani iimveliso bulk ulingana iikhilogram mane, eekhilogram, ungaphezulu kancinane ezilishumi elinesithandathu, ukuba ngqo - 16,38 kg ngemilinganiselo yanamhlanje. Kukholelwa ukuba igama iphuma pondus Latin, gama elo elithetha "ubunzima". Poods ekuqaleni kulinganiswa nobusi, umgubo kunye netyuwa njengoko impahla kakhulu nokubaleka, kodwa emva koko esi silinganisi volume kwalutyhutyha zonke iimveliso nzima kwaye inzima.

Ngelo xesha langoku elithi "puds" ezigcinwe kuphela Iimbaleki heavyweight, kettlebell zakudala elinesithandathu eekhilogremu ubizwa - ". Ubunzima-phawundi amane"

Kule pud ibingento nasebulawini into enkulu kakhulu ubunzima - uneemina ezilishumi eyaya umlinganiselo omtsha Iyindawo: berkovets, ogama awayevela kwisiqithi ka bjork, leyo bakurholela abarhwebi yamandulo. Yaba ubunzima ndiyindla aqhelekileyo ezaliswe Yanjengomthwebeba, nenokuthi lolayisho kwiphenyane olunye lokusebenza. Phantse 164 wayedla kwenye bawa bawathathe! Eneneni, eRashiya yesibini yonke yaba liqhawe.

nemigangatho ubunzima

Ngaphandle iiponti Berkovtsy, kwakukho amanyathelo ezimbalwa Russian umthamo iimveliso:

• Imina leyo, owayebizwa naye ngokuba hryvnia, ibe amaqashiso 32 okanye spools 96. Ngemilinganiselo yethu phantse 410 grams. Lo mlinganiselo yobunzima yenye embalwa yaluphumelela uvavanyo yexesha - e-United States kunye namazwe Western aseYurophu ukuyisebenzisa njengendlela esisiseko. Ngo-Russia, i hryvnia yaba ubunzima kunye umlinganiselo, kwaye iyunithi emali, ukuba yeyona ixhaphakileyo phakathi abarhwebi.
• ULote lifike spool ezintathu (12.8 grams) yaye umlinganiselo eqhelekileyo kunene: iyunithi lesixa zokupheka kwishishini ekhemesti.

• Spool (zlatnik) kwaba Ekuqaleni igama ingqekembe zegolide zalishumi 4.26 grams ngokwemiqathango mihla, oko izakusetyenziswa endaweni labarhwebi ubunzima esikalini, zalishumi iimveliso yemihla ngemihla: iswekile, iti kunye netyuwa. Ngowe-1899, i-spool ibekwe ngokusesikweni njengoko amanyathelo umthamo ubunzima.
• Isabelo kwakujongwa umlinganiselo incinane ubunzima kumaxesha amandulo - ubunzima lakhe malunga 0.044 grams, kwaba ngethuba avumba limnandi. Angamashumi alithoba anesithandathu izabelo baba spool enye.

umthamo Ulwelo Kala

Ukukhokela mbini zokubopha emele (iilitha 12) kwaba zokulinganisela ulwelo, leyo, ukususela kwinkulungwane yeshumi, lalibalwa utywala (yobusi, Mead, kvass, ibhiya kunye Braga), amanzi ekuphekeni izixa ezikhulu ukutya ngemithendeleko iintlobo namaqunube, kamva izilimo ukutya okuziinkozo, ubisi kunye neziqhamo amancinci ubungakanani kunye nemifuno. A emele yahlulwe ngokwezixa ezincinane, kulula kakhulu ukusetyenziswa ekhaya bathengiselane utywala kumaziko ukoma le.

Loo "iwayini" imiqathango baba ngaphezu kokuba yezihloko elinesibini, kunye ratio engqongqo arithmetical lisekhona na kwaba iphindaphindeke ezine: 1: 2: 4: 8: 16.

A emele yahlulwa iikomityi ezilishumi, ikhulu elinamanci okanye ezimakhulu mabini charok Shkalikov. Ngelo lixa kwabakho ixabiso kwi iintsuba amabini ivodka, nto leyo emele nayo emele omnye (iibhokisi mihla kunye yevodka nazo ziquka ngqo iibhotile amabini, nto leyo ethetha ukuba i-emele enye), nto leyo, yahlulwe isiqingatha kunye ikota (neelitha ezintathu). Abanye ixesha zisasebenzisa "korchaga", nto leyo kulingana emele kwisiqingatha (ngokutsho kweminye imithombo, ibhakethi kunye neekota ezintathu-).

Lo mqulu inkulu njengento umlinganiselo umphanda izindlu a emele mane, kuba esisetyenziselwa urhwebo lweewholesale basemzini, ukususela urhwebo othenge iziselo ezinxilisayo eyalelweyo kubo. Kwaba sekunjalo kegs ezincinane iilitha ezintlanu.

Ukongezelela, parlance ezisetyenziswayo yi inani elikhulu "ekhaya" izikhongozeli umlinganiselo ababengengabo isigxina, kodwa kaninzi kusetyenziswa: kwibhoyila, ijagi, nesicumba, tues kunye nebhokisi, ebhafini, nezindlu ebhafini, njengentsuba (esi sixa kungenzeka ukuba ivela kumazwe aseMpuma ), amanyathelo ayesasebenzisa ngokubonakalayo iimveliso zobisi: ijagi, ijagi, ngaso.

Zonke ezi izikhongozeli basoloko ezahlukeneyo kancinane ngobukhulu, ngoko enkulu ngqo waba.

Indlela yokulinganisa utywala

Le abenzi bemilingo of "amanyathelo zewayini" kwenzeka xesha uPetros, wafika ubukhulu scale: ezabelwe ukusela kunye pubs sibonelela Ukukhetha ububanzi yeziselo kwi impompo:

• Ikota kweelitha abathathu, nayo ngokuba ibhotile yeglasi enkulu kunye nentamo ende.
• Bottle (ekwabizwa ngokuba ibhotile Russian) eziqulethwe a milligrams ezilikhulu bolwelo.
• Imagi wawumkhulu (ngemilinganiselo yanamhlanje) - 1.23 kweelitha - kubakho kanye charok ezilishumi.
• Indebe wayelingana kwiilitha 0,123 kwaye isikhongozeli abalekayo abalandeli "ezinxilisayo", kubomi bemihla ngemihla kwakukho igama slang: Koretz (hook).
• Stack - kucingwa norm ezamkelekileyo ngeso lwamkelo olunye utywala, umthamo yayo kanye nekhulu grams.
• Stifi - ibizwa edume ngokuba "kosushkoy" kwaye kubalwe iikomityi isiqingatha - 60 grams.
• Shtof bafuduka amaJamani kwaye ngokuqinileyo, baba nesahlulo seshumi se-emele okanye iibhotile ezimbini (1.2 iilitha) kwaye lihlala charok ezilishumi. Ngenxa yesi sizathu nabo polushtof imfuno, lingana isiqingatha ebhotileni.
• Zokuhlala yaba ngumlinganiselo zincinane umthamo ulwelo, sandwiching bowokuphela 37-isiqingatha gram.

Onke la manyathelo zivunywe imali "Charter unetyala" ngo-1781 yaye wasinda kude kube ngoku.

Pisano zincwadi enkulu

Ilinganisa ezininzi eziqhele ukusetyenziswa kwe ubude nobubanzi zaye sazhen kunye akuyona. Uwufumene wayelingana mitha enye enesiqingatha - umda izandla umntu avareji, yaye iiyadi - to iisentimitha asixhenxe anesibini (nithi, ubungakanani umthombo ithathwa ukusuka kumgca ubungakanani Petra Velikogo, apho wayesoloko ephethe), oko kukuthi iinyawo ezintlanu - ukuba phantse ezisixhenxe ngeenyawo. La manyathelo babalwayo ukukhula zobukhulu Umgama ezincinane ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo - kube lula kwaye aluncedo, ngenxa yokuba i "umgca" bekusoloko kunye naye.

Kukho baye ezisetyenziswa elibhalwe ngokumileyo iinyawo ezisixhenxe - umgama phakathi eseluzwaneni unyawo kwaye ngaphezu kwentloko malunga brush: umgama waba kwiimitha ezimbini ezinesiqingatha. A akuyona akhuphisana omnye umlinganiselo - intshukumo leyo elilingana phantse ubude obufanayo - 72 cm.

Kuba nesilinganiso izinto ezincinci

Engqinibeni, ukusebenzisa idata evela kwimithombo eyahlukeneyo, yaba cm 38 okanye 47, kodwa ubude ngengalo livela incam ngomnwe eliphakathi ukuya entlanganweni engqinibeni. Le ubukhulu udalelwe ukuba Abarhwebi ngelaphu kabani rolls babalwayo ubude 60 ingqiniba.

Palm yayigqalwa sisahlulo sesithandathu se engqinibeni, yaye kusetyenziswa ukubala of kwiindawo ezincinane wokwakha.

Span yahlulwa iinketho ezimbalwa:

• ubude Small (kwezinye iindawo kwathiwa ngokuba "ikota") lubalelwa phakathi ngokubanzi wazolula phakathi lobhontsi Uvalo yaye yaba ngokweesentimitha 17,78.
• span ezinkulu - phakathi ubhontsi kunye Ucikicane (23 cm).
• Inch nge somersault - nobude eqhelekileyo ye-intshi wongeza amalungu zokuqala ezimbini umnwe wakho, othi ukuya iisentimitha phantse ezingamashumi amathathu.
• Intshi - kule calculus mihla iisentimitha 4,44, leyo ilingana-elinesithandathu iyadi. Kwamagumbi badla okunika ukukhula.

Versta - le ndlela yokulinganisa kusetyenziswa sokulinganisela imigama emide, igama layo yesibini - "entsimini", nto leyo ibonisa ubude ngumcu omnye ukususela ekupheleni asendle, ukuba Ekuveleni lokuqala ikhuba. steel kamva esetyenziselwa ekubaleni umendo ubude, iindlela kunye nomgama phakathi nasezindaweni. Ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo, ngezixa ezahlukene ngaphantsi kwe ziifatom iikhilomitha: kuPetros I - 500, yaye ubukumkani Alexei - nye lamawaka.

Amanyathelo ukubala iindawo

Ukuze akhawunti kulinywa kuze kuhlwayelwe ilizwe izishumi kusetyenziswa (lwahlulwe lwaba iinxalenye ezincinane) kunye iinyawo ezisixhenxe isikwere. Enye isishumi yaba ziifatom 2.400 isikwere (1,093 hectares) kwaye yahlulwe eka poldesyatiny kunye ngekota. iinyawo Zisixhenxe sikwere yayibandakanya ezine ezinesiqingatha yezikwere, nto leyo 16 square metres. akuyona. Kwakhona kule ndlela yokubala akorobhe wongezelela - yenye isishumi isishumi ngendlela ekuthini inani watshisa izitha ndawonye (ngokufumba) okuziinkozo yezityalo kunye hay.

kwizimali

inkqubo yemali Slavonic esibonakala ngokuphuma ugxininisa nezinto ezahlukileyo hlanga Russian: a kane (25 engange), le engange (igama wesibini engange yesinyithi), Altin (iipeni 3) kunye kopecks elinesihlanu (ezintathu × ezintlanu = 15), Dime exabisa iisenti-10 kunye kwezinambuzane (imizuzu leengxoxo chip , ilingana penny eyodwa) - ezinye kwetyala elithozamisayo igama!

Xa uPetros umvuzo abasebenzi eziqhelekileyo zazisuka eesenti ezintlanu ukuya ezisibhozo ngosuku, le samba elingana nexabiso ngeekhilogram ezingamashumi amabini ezonka - kukuba kilograms ezisibhozo! Loo nto kakhulu elo xesha.

IMizekeliso amazwi manyathelo

isongo Russian usukela ngokucacileyo ngokuntsonkotha, ukuveza wonke bokuqonda zehlabathi bengqondo, ubulumko wobomi nokuxubana alula, zifikeleleke yonke.

"Ukuze adle limnqole wetyuwa ezimbini" - ukuba ufuna ixesha elininzi kufuneka achithe ixesha kunye umntu azi macala onke.

"Mal spool, kodwa iindlela" - hayi izinto ubukhulu.

"Ukuze ufumane kangakanani esikiti Down and Out" - ukuziva ubunzima intlungu nokubandezeleka.

"Ukusuka imbiza neesentimitha ezimbini, kunye ukazchik kuphela" - malunga kulutsha kuba ngamava obomi, kunokuba azame ukufundisa abanye ebomini.

"Kulinganiswa akuyona lwabo" - ukuba asebenzise umlinganiselo lakhe, kunokuba eqhelekileyo, ube ezikhathazayo.

"Abafo neekhilomitha ezisixhenxe ezilungileyo musa uzidibanisa" - ukuba lo mntu unako ukwenza nantoni na, yaye umgama akukho ngxaki kuye.

"Genius Seven" - ngoko bathi abantu azizilumko kakuhle ukufunda.

Ukunqongophala lwamaxabiso mihla mbini

Le theyibhile ingezantsi amanyathelo kunye nomthamo langoku ubonisa indlela emhlabeni yaye baba lula, onke amanani.

Zazingekho yaba mbalasane yolwimi yesizwe kunye ezahlukeneyo ongazikhetha, bonke umnqweno ukuhlela ukuqhuba kwi-sikhokelo 'umphefumlo Russian "liyifumene ukubhabha ezinobuchule ulwimi olukhulu nolunamandla. Kuphela "neendleko elidlulileyo" - umzekeliso esikhulu, kodwa ukugcina ubukhulu elahlekileyo.