Lightning: imvelaphi izibakala umdla

Abantu abaninzi bayoyika Eyona nto yoyikekayo indalo - izaqhwithi. Oku kudla ngokwenzeka xa ilanga amafu amnyama, indudumo iindudumo ezoyikekayo kunye enzima imvula.

Kakade ke, kufuneka ube ukoyika imibane, enyanisweni kusenokuba abulale okanye abe ingozi yomlilo. Kudala kwaziwa, uze ke ngoko kunye ezahlukeneyo izixhobo ukuzikhusela imibane, neendudumo (umzekelo, izibonda metal).

Kwenzeka ntoni phaya phezulu phezu, nalapho iindudumo ivela? Nendlela kukho umbane?

amafu emvula

amafu Storm ivame kakhulu. Ubude bafikelela iikhilomitha eziliqela. Ngokweliso ayibonakali phakathi kwezi rattlesnakes amafu zonke amathumba amathumba. Oku imijelo umoya anzima, kuqukwa amathontsi amanzi ihamba kwindawo uqina eliphezulu ukusuka ezantsi ukuya phezulu and vice versa.

Inxalenye oneziqhamo ngamafu kwiqondo lobushushu kufika kumgomo we -40, kwaye amathontsi amanzi oluwe kule nxalenye efini, ngumkhenkce.

Ngomhla Origin of amafu emvula

Phambi kokuba ukwazi imvelaphi iindudumo nemibane ezifana kwenzeka, gqaba uchaze ukuba enzeka njani amafu emvula.

Uninzi la ayikho ngaphezu kwamanzi le planethi, kwaye phezu amazwekazi. Ukongeza, amafu olukhulu isiphango kuyilwa phezu amazwekazi ezinezinga yimvula, apho umoya kwi phezu komhlaba (njengoko kuchasiwe umoya ngaphezu kwamanzi) uyenyuka kakhulu yaye ngokukhawuleza ukufudumala.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, kwamaxandeka eziphakamileyo ezahlukileyo oyile flow phezulu emoyeni eshushu ezifanayo eveza umoya osele iindawo ezinkulu zomhlaba zomphandle kunye yakuphakamisa it up.

Ngaloo ibunjiwe-ebizwa ngokuba Cumulus, ajike abe amafu emvula echazwe nje ngentla.

Kwaye ngoku icace, yintoni na imibane, kuphi na?

Lightning neendudumo

Ukususela amathontsi ekhenkcezisiweyo kakhulu ukuyilwa iziqwenga umkhenkce, ezo umlomo esemafini ngesantya esikhulu, zingagilani, ukuqhekeza wamwisela kunye nombane. Abo amaqhekeza omkhenkce ukuba kube lula yaye ngaphantsi ihlala phezulu, nabo ezinkulu - zinyibilika esihla kwakhona ajike abe amathontsi amanzi.

Ngoko ke, kukho intlawulo ezimbini thundercloud zombane. Inxalenye eliphezulu lelikhabayo, emazantsi - HIV. Kwintlanganiso kweentlawulo ezahlukeneyo kukho ukothuka womelele electric nemibane kwenzeka. Apho ukuba icace. Kwaye emva koko kwenzeka ntoni? A flash kombani nangoko kumo kwaye lwandisa umoya ngeenxa zonke kuye. Last shushu kakhulu kangangokuba kukho isiphumo dubulo. Le neendudumo, eloyikekayo zonke izinto eziphilayo emhlabeni.

Kubonakala ukuba konke oku - mpawu umbane komoya. Ngoko ke umbuzo olandelayo malunga phi yokugqibela, kwaye kukuninzi kangaka. Yaye phi?

ionosphere

Yintoni na imibane, ngaba sizicingele apho. Ngoku kancinci malunga neenkqubo ezilondoloza isigxina Umhlaba.

Izazinzulu ziye zafumanisa ukuba isigxina umhlaba encinane ngokubanzi kwaye kuthetha 000 kuphela 500 coulombs (as in neebhetri izithuthi 2). Ke apho iyalahleka isimangalo embi ukuba kuthiwe makaye imibane kufutshane kumphezulu womhlaba?

Ngokuqhelekileyo ngokucacile emhlabeni yemozulu alahlwayo kancinci (gqolo phakathi ionosphere kunye komhlaba Umhlaba idlula ngoku buthathaka kudlule emkhathini). Nangona umoya kugqalwa yokwambathisa, oko maqhezu elincinane ion, nto leyo evumela yangoku ukuba zikhona kulo lonke umthamo we-atmosfera. Ngenxa kule, nangona kancinci, kodwa intlawulo ezigxekayo igqithiselwe ukusuka kumphezulu womhlaba ukuya ubude. Ngoko ke, intlawulo mali zizonke Umhlaba isoloko igcinwe rhoqo.

Apho fireball

Okwangoku, ngokoluvo iqhelekileyo kukuba umbane ibhola luhlobo elikhethekileyo kwentlawulo ngohlobo ibhola, kwaye kukho ixesha elide kwaye uzulazule isikhokelo engalindelekanga.

theory ohlangeneyo imvelaphi le nto, ukuba akukho nto namhlanje. Kukho yeengcinga ezininzi, kodwa akukho namnye ukuza kuthi ga ngoku iye yazuza ingqalelo phakathi izazinzulu.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, ngawabo, ibhola umbane kwenzeka iindudumo okanye isiphango. Kodwa ke kukho iimeko ingenzeka yayo kwaye elangeni. Amaninzi oko eveliswe imibane eqhelekileyo, kwaye maxa wambi kukho wehlela phakathi kwamafu, yaye kunqabile ubonakala ngesiquphe emoyeni okanye nokuba ukuphuma zesifundo (umthi column).

Ulwazi oluthile olunomdla

Phi umbane weendudumo indlela nemibane, siye safumanisa. Ngoku kancinci iinyani ezinika umdla malunga ngezenzeko zendalo echazwe apha ngentla.

1. Qho ngonyaka, i-Umhlaba ufumana nama-25 ezigidi umbani.

2. Lightning ine avareji ubude malunga 2.5 km. Kukho kwakhona ukuchithwa emoyeni esandiswe km 20.

3. Kukho inkolelo yokuba umbane nga kubetha kabini kwindawo enye. Enyanisweni akunjalo. Iziphumo zohlalutyo (imephu Geographic) iindawo kuqhankqalazo ngumbane kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo zibonisa ukuba amaxesha umbane eziliqela Sisenokufa kwindawo enye.

Apha kwaye wafumanisa ukuba umbane ubaneka, apho wenza ntoni.

Chance kwakheka ngenxa iziganeko esesibhakabhakeni nobucukubhede isikali-langa.

Umzuzwana on Earth livela 50 umbani.