Lefortovo entolongweni. History nesimo

amathanga abaninzi kangaka kude njengoko kubonakala ngathi efika kuqala. Enye iindawo ezinjalo - entolongweni Lefortovo, nto leyo ibekwe eMoscow. iindonga zaso zakhiwa kwakude kudala 1881. Iphiko ngalinye entolongweni kwakukho iikhamera-14, kwaye ukuba ukhangela isakhiwo phezulu, kufane ileta "K". Yintoni imfihlelo kule ntolongo? esaba ntoni wakhe ngexesha eSoviet nganye, ochasene namagunya okanye utshaba ebhengeziweyo nje abantu?

Kuba Lefortovo Prison ngaye injongo

Kwixesha elidlulileyo, elo thanga ezisetyenziselwa isiphelo ezintlwini zomkhosi asezantsi. Analogs Lefortovo entolongweni ezintathu kuphela - baba eSt Petersburg, Riga kunye Warsaw. Kumaxesha Soviet, le koloni elinye lawona. Ngoko ke amagosa zokhuseleko entolongweni ongowakhe, wazithwala phandle sentuthumbo kunye ngemibuzo. Ngokutsho amabanjwa novalo zenkulungwane yokugqibela, entolongweni ekuthiwa-camera engqondweni. Kwiindonga zabo zipeyintwe ezimnyama, Nesibane akhanyiswe imini nobusuku. Kufuphi nabo Kwakhona rhoqo ukusebenza itonela umoya. Oku kubanga a lokungcangcazela ukuze nkqu iipleyiti phezu kwetafile ingcangcazele.

Ekuhambeni kwexesha, zentolongo zagqitywa kwizakhiwo ezitsha. Kuye yakhiwe kwaye itempile saint enkulu - Nikolaya Chudotvortsa. Ngamaxesha Soviet, oko aguqulwa kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zemisebenzi - oko laqala ukuhlela iikonsathi, kwakunye neeseshoni zoqeqesho amabanjwa.

Le meko ngaphakathi

Ngaphandle entolongweni kakhulu okungenamsebenzi. Yonke imihla kwizitrato kwisithili Lefortovo aye amakhulu Muscovites musa nokuba ukrokrela ukuba elilandelayo elo thanga kunazo zonke Russian. Ukuba umntu uza kuba nako ukungena kummandla thanga, into yokuqala ukuba siyifake iliso - Terrace ecaleni ezindongeni entolongweni. Kuba ezi emendweni, balcony ihlala abalindi, yaye nayiphi na umzuzu ungajonga lekhamera. Bathi ke ukuba kuyo yonke indawo ngaphakathi iipaseji beentolongo iikhaphethi. Mhlawumbi ukuba yinxalenye isiko ezinye ngezwe elidlulileyo. Kodwa kwenye inguqulo, kufuneka ukufunxa isandi kunye nokulondolozwa woxolo.

Entolongweni kusoloko cwaka eyoyikekayo. Zonke izandi sekubonakala. Nangona ngamanye amaxesha uyakwazi ukuva ndaweni na TV, kodwa nkqu isandi inyamalala. Njengoko sihlelwa - akukho bani owaziyo. Kungenzeka, oyinkohla eyaziwa kuphela wezakhiwo owakha koloni Lefortovo. Prison ithatha konke - kwaye ilaliswe kumda okanye moya amahlwempu yaye amabanjwa abazizityebi. egumbini nganye ine indawo 8 square metres. m, amabanjwa bahlala ngababini.

Imbali wentolongo kwi leSoviet

Kumaxesha Soviet amabanjwa amaninzi ezopolitiko badutyulwa ngqo kuyo. Enyanisweni, akukho izibakala ndiyayithabatha ngaphaya kweendonga olubiyele entolongweni Lefortovo. Yonke into eyaziwayo ngale iziko loluleko - into kunokwenzeka ukuba ufunde babesakuba ngamabanjwa. Bathi ukuba imithetho kule ndawo iqhubeka iminyaka engamashumi amaninzi.

Emva kokufa kukaStalin kaThixo

Xa wafa iosif Vissarionovich, Lefortovo entolongweni indawo edume lwabarhanelwa alungiselelwe iintshaba zabantu. Kulapha abo babethunyiwe ezo abameli lezopolitiko, ngenxa yaso nasiphi na isizathu, ukuba engayikholisiyo ke kurhulumente.

Ekuhambeni kwexesha lethu Lefortovo entolongweni kuba nzima ukufumana neentatheli kanye. Kuphela kanye, ngowe-1993, inkomfa cofa yabanjwa, kunye nabameli eendaba wakwazi kutyelela ummandla esibi kunazo zonke yaye kungakholeleki koloni Lefortovo. Prison iye amashumi ezininzi, ligutyungelwe imfihlakalo. Nkqu myuziyam zembali kwisithili eMoscow of Lefortovo akukho lwazi ngayo. Isizathu ilula - akukho bani ngaye ozama ukuba ukubhala. Ngapha koko, wonke umntu wayesazi ukuba wayesenza entolongweni, yaye ukongezelela amabanjwa kunye nezalamane zabo ngayo babekhetha cwaka.

aziwayo malunga Lefortovo

Ngenxa yokuba le ndawo yamabanjwa kukho waseSibhema ezimbalwa. Ngokomzekelo, ngowe-1920, basinda igweba ukusuka apha Gregory Kletkin kunye Sergey Drozhennikov. Ngexesha ukulungiswa kwenkqubo zokufudumeza, benza umngxuma kumgangatho ngqo. Kwakukho abo amabanjwa ukuba bakwazi ukunyoba onogada.

amabanjwa ezaziwayo-kakuhle ukuze kuphawulwe Alexander Mikhailovich Krasnoshchekova. Ngowe-1922 waba lithandana Lily Brik. Le budlelwane phantse kwakhokelela ekubeni ekwahlukaneni intombazana kunye Mayakovsky. Yathi ukuba Krasnoshekov wasebenzisa imali karhulumente ngeenjongo zabo, badla ndimbi. Isigwebo ngenxa gwenxa igunya, wagwetywa iminyaka emithandathu entolongweni evalelwe yedwa.

Ngowe-1922, entolongweni uye waba yindawo kwiintsapho ezininzi abangenamakhaya nabasweleyo kunye nabantwana. Ngowe-1923, le amathanga zakhiwa leebhate zeoli, yaye kamva - lixhotyiswe ekhemesti. emva konyaka omnye, entolongweni iqala ukudlala indima iziko yamabanjwa.

Lefortovo entolongweni - intolongo emzini

Noko ke, ezinye iinkalo thanga kodwa eyaziwa. Umzekelo, nentolongo eyaziwa ngokuba umyalelo wayo, nangokuthobeka wolawulo lwabasebenzi. Lefortovo entolongweni - intolongo, ogama imbali igcwele uqwalesele nemithetho iminyaka. Apha soze ufumane amachiza, akukho nkqubo "intambo yocingo", ethandwayo phakathi kwabakhonkwixeyo. Ukhuseleko lazisa ngalinye enye esebenzisa sokubhutyuza, ukuba kuphothulwe kwikhamera. Lefortovo - entolongweni, apho iifoto akayi esingenakubangela naliphi na inzala. Ngapha koko, icala esitratweni yeyona isakhiwo eqhelekileyo - leyo ezele eMoscow. Lefortovo ijele kakuhle kumhlaba wale esiqhelekileyo wedolophu, kwaye awukwazi nokuba ukrokrela ukuba kufuphi indawo. Windows njengamabanjwa phandle kungena eyadini-kakuhle. Bangaboni nto ngaphandle iiseli zabo. Ngaphandle koku uthi ukuba amagumbi abaphandi iifestile curtained iphepha.