Le dielectrics endle yombane

Le dielectrics kwi yombane isenzo endle njengako isakhiwo lwabo lwangaphakathi. Zibizwa kwakhona non-abaqhubi, kuba, njengoko yaziwa, zibe ziimveliso musa kakhulu eqhuba umbane. Bona azinamgaqo abathwali intlawulo khulula ebeliya kuba nako ihamba ngaphakathi kwale Heating.

Le molecule - yeyona yamasuntswana omncinane zenkqunto igcine iipropati yayo imichiza. Yena, ke, ngokwaso eyenziwe athom kunye ngumongo kakuhle ityala kunye electron kakubi ityala. Molecule nje iphela cala. Njengoko theory iibhondi covalent abunjwe kuyo Ngababini, omnye okanye ngaphezulu elektroni kuya kuxhaphaka ngenxa yokudibanisa athom, iimolekyuli zizinze.

Kuba uhlobo ngalunye kwentlawulo - HIV (core) nekhabayo (electron) - kukho ingongoma, apho, njengoko "iziko womxhuzulane 'zazo (zombane). Ezi ngongoma ibizwa ngokuba izibonda kwemolekyuli. Kwimeko ukuba molecule amaziko zombane womxhuzulane kweentlawulo malunga: akhabayo kunye navumelanayo - oko kuya nonpolar (ngokuba akukho mzuzu dipole).

Ubume kwemolekyuli kunokuba yezi zinto, umzekelo, akunakubakho ezimbini atom ayaba, ngoko ukusa kumkhamo othile offset kufuneka kwenzeke isibini eziqhelekileyo elektroni ngayo enye atom. Licacile elokuba, kulo mzekelo, ukwabiwa ngokungalinganiyo izityholo malungana (akhabayo kunye navumelanayo) ngaphakathi bakhokelayo molecule ukuba ukungafani kumaziko abo zombane womxhuzulane. Le molecule ngenxa kuthiwa polar okanye ukuba mzuzu dipole.

Ipropati ezingundoqo dielectrics kukuba ukukwazi kwabo ibangela.
Dielectrics ukuba namaza esigangeni yombane. Oku kuthetha ukuba athom zabo, electron uqale ukususa ecaleni emzileni evuthelweyo. Ngenxa yoko, ezinye komhlaba kwabo kakubi ityala, omnye - ngokuqinisekileyo. Ngenxa yoko, i intsimi ngumbane Heating leyo ngokulandelelanayo ekuthiwa lwangaphakathi. Oko kukuthi, kwiinkalo zombane kuchaphazela dielectrics ngaxeshanye (ngaphakathi nangaphandle) apho kulo mzekelo zibhekiswe oppositely.

Intsimi zombane iziphumo unalo amandla elilingana intensities umahluko amasimi ezinkulu ezincinane. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba amandla intsimi kwi yokwambathisa, kungajongwanga uhlobo wayo, usoloko ngaphantsi kwe endle lwangaphandle zombane okwabangela nokwehlukana yayo.

Ngobunzulu nokwehlukana kukuba ngokomlinganiselo ngqo ukuya permittivity le Heating. I ezincinane oko, kokukhona ngokunzima yenzeka nokwehlukana Heating eyomeleleyo intsimi zombane kulo.

Izityholo angabonakaliyo kuphela phezu kodwa emancamini Heating, kodwa utshintsho xa wadibana ne electrode akunakwenzeka, kuba yokwambathisa uthanda electrode yimikhosi Coulomb.

Le dielectrics endle yombane ukuba womelele, kwaye kusenokwenzeka ukuba oku kongeza amathuba, xa amaxabiso athile ndiya kuyaphula amandla, ngamanye ndiyaphule kude electron atomic. Oku kuya kukhokelela ekubeni inkqubo ionization dielectrics, ukuze babe abaqhubi.

Ubukhulu yasendle lwangaphandle, nto leyo ekhokelela yokuwa Heating, ibizwa ngokuba ombane iyafa. Esihambelanayo umda ombane apho kuyasa yokwambathisa - hlula ombane. Elinye igama eyaziwa xi umda - amandla Heating.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kuphela dielectrics kwintsimi yombane ibe intsimi lwangaphakathi kakhulu shwaka xa lwangaphandle isusiwe.