Church of Ioanna Predtechi e Presnya. Church of Ioanna Predtechi e Kolomenskoye

Baptist Ioann Predtecha, engcwele, siphu- kaYesu Kristu. Mayilandelwe ukwenjenjalo ngokuthobeka kwentliziyo, yahlala entlango, eshumayela iindaba kuhlanjwa ezingcwele, nto leyo kamva owabizwa ngokuba isiko ubhaptizo. Ioanna Predtechi imifanekiso umahluko ezikhethekileyo - ngesandla sakhe sasekhohlo saint ubamba umnqamlezo lokudubula.

intloko

Ngenxa namaqhinga Queen kaHerodiya yamaYuda nentombi yakhe kwanoSalome Ioann Predtecha wanqunyulwa intloko entolongweni, wanqunyulwa intloko. Ukususela ngoko, eRashiya kukho umthendeleko intloko ka Ioanna Predtechi, oluba-29 Agasti. In memory of uYohane leNzila ukudla engqongqo uyabonakala kule mini.

Le ukuthandwa kaYohane umbhaptizi ingakumbi linyuke ebudeni bolawulo Ivana Groznogo, kwaye ukusuka phakathi kwenkulungwane ye-16 kulo lonke eRashiya waqala ukwakha anikezelwe umbhaptizi uThixo oyiNgcwele.

indawo

Iicawa idumileyo kunye icawa Ioanna Predtechi ibekwe kwizixeko ezinkulu Russian. Ezantsi apha kukho uluhlu lwe iicawa ezikhoyo:

• Church of the ukuzalwa of Ioanna Predtechi eMoscow Presnya.
• Itempile in Kolomna.
• Church of the intloko kaYohane umbhaptizi e ukulungela ukusebenza.
• Church of the Holy Baptist Brateevo.
• Baptist Church in Kerch.
• Temple umbhaptizi e Nizhny Novgorod.
• Ioanna Predtechi ibandla e laseKirov.

Ukongeza kwezi iitempile, kukho ezininzi iicawa eRashiya, elingcwele, umBhaptizi oyiNgcwele.

Church in eMoscow

Church of Ioanna Predtechi e Presnya yakhiwa kwisithuba ukususela 1714 ukuya 1734. Ngowe-1804 kwabakho umlilo, umlilo watshabalalisa intsimbi nqaba ngamaplanga. Ukonakala Church uve ubunzima ephathekayo, kunye eDayosisi Orthodox of eMoscow igqibe ukwakha inqaba intsimbi eyenziwe ngamatye. Obekumele ukuba ukwakha inkqubo yomtshato emithathu phezulu intloko kunye umnqamlezo 25 leemitha. Kule projekthi ababandakanyekayo umnyango ukuya ecaweni ngokusebenzisa arch kabini Palladian ephakathi piers ndandisohlwaywa. Isakhiwo yokwakha ixabiso luphakame kakhulu, lo gama eMoscow kwakungekho inqaba intsimbi hlobo, ngaphandle enkulu belfry ezine-tiered Kudrinskaia Church of kuMoses, lo Virgin.

sinzima umxhasi

ingqalelo Kuninzi ihlawulwe lilungiselelo bezakhiwo le refectory ibandla. Ndangena le projekthi eyaziwa Moscow lokwakha - Shestakov Fedor Mihaylovich. Refectory kwaye idla ezinxulumene babeza ezakhiwe ekwindla 1828. Ukwenzela ukuhlangabezana emisiweyo wammela ukwakhiwa owayekhona ophucukileyo ibandla, ilungu lebhunga karhulumente, Ushakov uNikolay Vasilevich.

Ebudeni beminyaka kwamandla eSoviet, iTempile Ioanna Predtechi e Presnya ukuba bafumana naziphi na iimali ezivela kurhulumente kunye wayekho kuphela iminikelo amarhamente. Yaba ixesha nzima iCawa kunye nababingeleli abo bahlala bethembekile ukuya wobugcisa bokwakha.

ukululama

Kwaye xa ixesha post-eSoviet, Ioanna Predtechi ibandla kwi Presnya ezilungiswe, kule minyaka 90 uyise Abbot Nicholas laqalisa umsebenzi wokulungisa. Ngokupheleleyo indawo uphahla, zonke izihlangu wambu sheets zobhedu. umnqamlezo ihonjiswe phezu kwenqaba intsimbi, nenqaba intsimbi yakhiwa. Emnyango ibandla yayigcinwa icon ezikhethekileyo zafakelwa. Bell baphinda bayiphosa ilothe, ingakumbi intle umnxeba entsha intsimbi enkulu, evela kude.

Enesisombululo esikhethekileyo likaRhulumente komhlaba yecawa eMoscow wabuyela eka-13. Ngoko ke, iCawa Ioanna Predtechi e Presnya waphila ngokupheleleyo. amarhamente Nombulelo uza ukuze babe nokulima umhlaba ukufumana i isityalo indalo.

Church in Kolomenskoye

Church of St. Ioanna Predtechi, nto leyo eyinxalenye ibekwe kwilali Djakovo, wakha kwisiqingatha sesibini kwenkulungwane ye-16. Le zibekwe kufutshane ezinika eziyintloko Kolomna - Church of the Ascension, yakhiwa ngo-1534. Le sesakhiwo oyiNgcwele Temple umbhaptizi libhekisela stolpoobraznym izakhiwo sacral. Izazinzulu, ababhali-mbali bakholelwa ukuba icawa kwanikezelwa kungekabekwa le ibekwa Ivana Groznogo (ngo-1547). Nangona ezinye iingcali zidla ukukholelwa ukuba ulwakhiwo itempile lu dityanisiwe kokuzalwa Tsarevich Ivan, wazalwa ngo-1554.

Kuyo nayiphi na imeko, sakhiwa Ioanna Predtechi ibandla e Kolomenskoye, yaye kangangexesha ngokwenene bakhonza imithandazo yoluntu impilo Prince Ivan. Kamva, ibandla esingethwe abanquli ngeenxa zonke, Muscovites kunye nabahlali kwiilali ezikufuphi.

Umanyano isimbo

Itempile i octahedron ubude esembindini yeemitha 35 kunye osecaleni ezinemithi kwezitulo ezine (mitha 17). Zonke izakhiwo ezintlanu idityaniswe Gallery enophahla. Kwi olungaphambili ngasentshonalanga kwigalari kwibhanka, bephethe nenqaba intsimbi, leyo ngezakhiwo uveza belfry Dukhovskoy ibandla Sergiev Posad. Yakhiwe yangaphandle kweentsika peripheral ezibonisa isimbo izakhiwo yecawa Pskov.

update

Church of Ioanna Predtechi e Kolomenskoye waye ngokupheleleyo alungisiweyo 1964, ekwakhiweni ngokutsha eyenziweyo ukuze ukubuyisela ngayo kuqala. Kwindawo yokuqala kokuba zazishenxisiwe iphuculwe iziqwenga isigcawu angumqondiso uhambahamba kumagumbi angaphantsi kwawo weentsika eziphambili. Ngexesha umsebenzi wokulungisa iimpawu ezizodwa Imizobo sibanjwa, ukubaluleka apho oosonzululwazi ukuzichaza. Uphando usaqhubeka, kodwa akukho iziphumo eziphathekayo kodwa.

Vyatka ibandla

Kukho ngumzi omkhulu laseKirov. Church of Ioanna Predtechi ubuhluthayo enye yeendawo zokuqala kuluhlu ezinika. Le nkonzo ke yakhiwa kule minyaka 1711-1723, yaye wenza ukuba yokucima kummiselo Peter I, othintela naziphi na izakhiwo ilitye ngqongqo kummandla Russia, ngaphandle St Petersburg.

izakhiwo zetempile ephinda izimiso izakhiwo engcwele, abalicekisayo abakhi ilandelwa ngokuthe ngqo. Inxalenye asezantsi yaba octagon, le fomu ngakumbi ngokuhambelana namabandla somthi, yaye phantse akaze asetyenziswe ekwakheni yamatye. Eneneni, ibandla lokuqala eyakhiwe iinkuni yamaplanga, wabeka kwisakhelo phezu ezayame kufuphi emasangweni. Oku kwenzeka ngo-1711. Ngelo xesha linye kukuliphi kwahlelwa. St. Ioanna Predtechi iTempile inikelwe, kwaye yaba iyindawo ethandwa ukuba abathembekileyo.

Kwiminyaka emithathu kamva, umbingeleli Luka kunye churchwarden Gregory kunye nenkxaso ibandla lagqiba ekubeni lakhe inkonzo ngamatye. Ukwakhiwa yathatha ixesha elide, i refectory kunye intsimbi nenqaba bezisezilungile kuphela ekupheleni kuka-20-s kwinkulungwane XVIII. Ngokusekelwe intsika square baphumla inqaba libe kunye belfry kunye cupola encinane igubu enzonzobila. Umi nakumphezulu itempile sele abolekwe kwiCawa Ustyug Great.

Ke amaxesha ambalwa ngokutsha refectory, okwakubonakala emnyama banzi ngokwaneleyo. Reconstruction uye waphakamisa kakhulu nezivalo engundoqo, ngoko ithuba lokwakha izibane phezulu.

Ebudeni beminyaka kwamandla eSoviet, itempile ezilahlekileyo octagons kunye nabo bakwicandelo aphezulu intsimbi Wena mboni, ngenxa yokuba yaguqulwa yaba yogcino-party. Ngoko (ukususela 1961) ebandleni ikuyo loo Planetarium, apho babethontelana ukujonga iinkwenkwezi wonke umzi laseKirov. Church of Ioanna Predtechi wabuyela abathembekileyo kuphela ekuqaleni-imi- 90 kwinkulungwane yokugqibela. Onke amagumbi kwakufuneka ukuze izilungise okanye ukwakha ngokutsha, ukuba babuyele inkangeleko wokuqala ibandla.

Church of Ioanna Predtechi, Nizhny Novgorod

Omdala Church Orthodox eDayosisi yase Arzamas. imbali yayo iya emva kwinkulungwane ye-16.

Kukuliphi iye kwaziwa ukususela ngenkulungwane ye-15 njengebandla oqingqiweyo ka Ioanna Predtechi Kletskaya kwi Nizheposadskom Bargaining.

Ngowe-1676, yomrhwebi Dranishnikov Gavriil Stepanovich samkela ubabalo Metropolitan Filaret ukuba ukwakhiwa ibandla ilitye yemali yakhe. Ukwakha wayefuna kwakhona ukuzinikela kwabo ukholo Orthodox, njengokuba umfazi wakhe, kunye nonyana wakhe, yatshintsha yaba Amakholwa Old, waza wemka, waya Kerzhensky nezigodlo. Emva kokufumana imvume yokwakha umthengisi esityalwe projekthi kunye, nangona yokugula kwaye nempilo enkenenkene, waya kusebenza.

Ngo-Agasti 1679 Dranishnikov Gabriel wafa, nangona kunjalo, itempile yagqitywa ngenxa yemizamo umntakwabo Lawrence. Le cawe bakhelwe kwisiseko phezulu lwezitena, igumbi ngaphakathi apho kamva zazisetyenziselwa sivumele zomanyano merchant. Ekubeni yorhwebo umakhi vein yomthengisi eli xesha kwaba. Ekudaleni webandla Ioanna Predtechi huckster bafune uncedo.

Noko ke, ukuba wakha ibandla. Ngowe-1855, itempile eqhotyoshelweyo kwigumbi Aleksandra Nevskogo. kweminyaka eyishumi nanhlanu, nenqaba intsimbi yakhiwa ngokupheleleyo. Ekugqibeleni, ngowe-1899 kwaba siphelise esibingelelweni.

Urhulumente waseSoviet azizange ibandla Ioanna Predtechi nto elungileyo. Ngowe-1937, le umphathi wadutyulwa ngokwemiyalelo Beria, ibandla wabeka intlangano DOSAAF.

Nizhny Novgorod sithili amukela ipropati yabo emva ekuweni yiSoviet Union kwi-90 kwinkulungwane yokugqibela. Ngowe-1994, waqala lo msebenzi, yaye emva kweminyaka 10 ibandla St. uYohane umBhaptizi wajika ukulungiswa. imali elingenisa zathengwa kubathengi, kumnikelo ethile elungileyo yaziswa PPM Balakhninsky. Ulondolozo wenziwe ngokukhawuleza ngokwaneleyo, thende 2005 sele wawungcwalisa umnqamlezo ezintathu ezintsha amajukujuku, ngoAgasti, wabeka umnqamlezo phezu kwawo kunye intsimbi inqaba. Akumangalisi, ngexesha ulungiso inkonzo etempileni yaqhubeka.

Church of John St. e ukulungela ukusebenza

Ukulungela ukusebenza Church of Ioanna Predtechi waba ngamaplanga ekuqaleni, isongiwe ngaphandle pine elomileyo. Wema ke ngo-1735, xa kwavuka umlilo phakathi komzi. Icawa yatshiswa, kunye izakhiwo. Sacristan likwazile ukwenza i icon, kwaye wafa ngomlilo. Uthuthu bayilungisa kwisayithi latshisa ibandla wamisa ibandla ngamatye.

Enye mothuko kwenzeka ngowe-1956. Ukulungela ukusebenza abasemagunyeni isixeko yadiliza isibingelelo Wena mboni, phuma esitratweni eMoscow yaye kubonakala lithintela intshukumo emotweni. Nabo ke xa kuthelekiswa kunye nezenzo yekomiti yesigqeba "ye intloko", yi umzekeliso nento yokuba Ioannu Predteche ngokwakhe wayeke intloko.

Ngowe-1995, le tempile ekugqibeleni zizaku nikezelwa kudweliso Orthodox eDayosisi yase ukulungela ukusebenza. Kwathabatha iminyaka emithathu ukuze kubuyiselwe izakhiwo ibandla wobugcisa, yona ilibandla Ioanna Predtechi. Kungekudala ukulungela kubhiyozela ekuqaleni yonqulo. Namhlanje, ibandla isikolo seCawe evulekileyo.

Church of Ioanna Predtechi e Kerch

Isakhiwo ibandla indala e-Russia - ecaweni cross-eyakhiwe kaYohane St. uMbhaptizi, uThixo - ukwakweli usingasiqithi iCrimea. Yakha ixesha elimiselwe VIII-IX kwiinkulungwane AD. Ngexesha ukubuyiselwa kwalo ibandla wamatye kwafunyanwa "resonators" - zifakwe, apapashe blares xa kukho umoya ovuthuzayo. Itempile yakhiwa ngamatye elimhlophe, ngelinye kunye imiqolo lwezitena ezibomvu. Le amaziko waba ngumntu izakhiwo baseByzantium.

Ukususela ngowe-1974 ukuya 1978 icawa wabuyiselwa. Kwafuneka ukomeleza amajukujuku engundoqo, nabachatshazelwa yi lixesha intlokoma wenyikima. Ngaphakathi ifreyim yesinyithi nzima ifakiwe, yaye amagcisa benze womzobo inye udaka yamandulo. Ekugqityweni umsebenzi wokubuyiselwa etempileni wavula yinkcazo eyodwa Kerch Museum of History.

Kwiminyaka engaphezu kwama amathandathu, anamakhulu eyadlulayo, xa Black and Azov iilwandle kumandla ngamaRoma, kunye Kerch Strait zayi- igama St. uYohane, yindawo yokuba lundwendwe ukuba amakholwa Orthodox waba indlu Ioanna Predtechi. Kerch ithathwa sesinye sezixeko ezininzi zonqulo eCrimea. Namhlanje, ngoko, le Moscow labefundisi utyale imali eninzi ekugcinweni ibandla ekhoyo.

Brateevo, idilesi, indawo wetempile

E Moscow kummandla ombhaxa Brateevo, kumazantsi-mpuma kwesihloko, kuba indlu intloko ye Ioanna Predtechi. Kukuliphi iye kwaziwa ukususela ngenkulungwane ye-16, ecaweni ilitye Brateevo, Ioanna Predtechi, yakhiwa ngo-1892. Icawa itrone ezimbini, umthetheli, amaBhaptizi uThixo, yaye icala, Arhangela Mihaila.

Emva koko ngaphezu kwesiqingatha itempile ngenkulungwane wabakho kwiminikelo amarhamente. Ngexesha Second World War, satshatyalaliswa ngokupheleleyo ibandla. Ngoko ke ixesha elide post-imfazwe akazange avumele ukuba ukuqala ukwakhiwa ibandla elitsha, yaye kuphela ngowe-1996, xa itempile Brateevo, uYohane umBhaptizi ebuyiselweyo. Okwangoku, kukho iinkonzo ngokupheleleyo.

Abebandla Siyavuya ukutyelela Ioanna Predtechi ibandla. Idilesi Brateevo: 115563, Moscow, Kashirskoye, 61A.