Kusilela Market kwezoqoqosho: inkcazelo, iimpawu kunye neendlela

Yintoni imakethi (trade) kusilela? Xa ebonakala? Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukunqongophala kwempahla kuqoqosho emarikeni? Ezi, kwakunye neqela eminye imibuzo eza kuphendulwa kweli nqaku.

ulwazi jikelele

Makhe kuqala sichaze ukuba yintoni intsilelo emarikeni. Kwimeko apho imfuno lidlula unikezelo ubungakanani kwi owanikwa kwinqanaba ngexabiso. Ibinzana kungase kubonakale kunzima ukuqonda, ngoko ubuso kuyo.

Kwimarike kwimveliso nganye babembekela ixabiso elithile apho iqalisa. Xa ibango lidlula unikezelo, iimpahla zindingqavula ngokukhawuleza, kwaye uyanyamalala ezishelfini. Nabathengisi banikwa loo meko, ukwandisa ixabiso. Abavelisi, ukukhuthaza ukukhula yengeniso, aqale avelise ezinqabileyo kakhulu yorhwebo. Kulo mzekelo, i lizama imakethi lusekiwe ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Ngaphezu koko, kukho iinguqulelo ezimbini iziganeko. Xa ugcina i imeko trend unokuba yingxaki kwakhona, kwaye kwakhona, abathengi ziya ubunzima ngenxa yokunqongophala le mveliso, ixabiso layo uya kuvuka. Okanye imakethi uhlutha, imfuno ngokugqithisileyo yeempahla ziya kuphela, nto leyo iza kukhokelela kukuba lalihlile iindleko kunye kunciphiso uluhlu imveliso kwi emarikeni. Ezinokuba, le meko ingakukubetha "lunengxaki hormone" zisenzeka.

Ngaloo ndlela, abathengisi nga ukuthengisa izinto zabo iingeniso ixesha elilinganiselweyo kuphela. Kukholelwa ukuba uqoqosho yeyona lizama kangangoko kwimarike. Okulandelayo kuluhlu kweemeko ezinqwenelekayo yeemalike abangaphezu kwemfuneko kunye ukuswela. Ugxininiso eli nqaku liza kunikwa kuphela abokugqibela babo, kodwa ngenxa hetiseka inkcazelo, siya sivandlakanye nezinye izihloko. Ngapha koko, yintoni na lizama emarikeni, kwemfuneko imibala, kube lula ukuqonda xa kwenziwa uqhagamshelwano phakathi kwabo.

ixesha

Ngaba ku kusilela esisigxina kuqoqosho kwimarike kunokwenzeka? Hayi, azibandakanywanga yimigaqo yenkqubo. Kodwa qhubeka ixesha elide, ukuba ukukhula ixabiso anqongophele ngenxa yezizathu ezithile. Ngenxa yoko, ungatsalela umnxeba karhulumente ngummiselo okanye ukungabikho ngokwasemzimbeni ukuze inyuse imveliso yempahla. Ngendlela, ukuba kukho ukunqongophala esingapheliyo yemarike, oko kuthetha ukuba amashishini azinazo inkuthazo ukuphucula imeko okanye urhulumente akafuni ukubanceda kulo. Kulo mzekelo, umntu uyakwazi ukubona ukuhla imigangatho yokuphila, ngenxa yokuba abantu bangabi ukuhlangabezana ngokupheleleyo iimfuno zabo impahla.

njengesohlwayo ukunqongophala

Xa kuvela imeko enjalo kwaye uqale kukulayinisha umba kumgcelele, nokuba kukho ukhuphiswano umthengisi akanamdla ukuba ukuphucula umgangatho imveliso uvelisa kunye nomgangatho wenkonzo. Ngokomzekelo, cinga imeko yiSoviet Union kule yokugqibela iminyaka yayo ukhona. Iivenkile waqala ukusebenza emva kwexesha, wayigqiba kakhulu ekuqaleni. Ngokwenza njalo njalo baba Imigca emide, nangona abathengisi zibe akukho ziyakhawuleza ukuba bakhonze umthengi. Oku ukuluma phakathi nabathengi, nto leyo engapheli iingxabano. Enye yoko, nto leyo iba intsilelo yentengiso - na ukuvela ematyotyombeni. Xa impahla ayikwazi zingathengwa ngamaxabiso ezisemthethweni, ngoko kuya kusoloko izama abantu abaza ukukhangela iindlela ukuthengisa imveliso ngexabiso olunyuswe kakhulu.

ngomgunyathi

Siye safumanisa ukuba enjalo intsilelo. Ngoku makhe sinikele ingqalelo emarikeni ithunzi lo. Oku kwenzeka xa kukho imfuneko ephucula-up. E ezinjalo Kwiimeko, kukho usoloko ekulungele kumkhawulela, kodwa eqolo amaxabiso ukuba nanto yakwenza negosa ngxelo. Kodwa kukho ezinye isakhelo - kuba liphakamile ixabiso, abantu abambalwa baya kukwazi ukuthenga imveliso okanye inkonzo.

abangaphezu kwemfuneko

Kwimeko kwimarike, nto leyo luphawulwa agqithisile lonikezelo ngaphezu kwemfuneko. I-excess ingaba kwenzeka xa kukho lunengxaki hormone okanye imveliso (inkonzo) inikezelwa ngexabiso ukuba akakwazi ukuhlawula ummi avareji. Livela kwe kwimeko enjalo yenzeka ngenxa yommiselo karhulumente (umzekelo, ukumisela ixabiso ubuncinane imveliso).

Apha kwakhona, njengoko ngamazwi efika kuqala kunokubonakala kunzima, kusenokuba kwimarike isithunzi le. Konke ufuna ukwenza ukuba yinxalenye abathengisi kwafuneka kukukhuthaza ukuba bathengise imveliso yabo ngexabiso elisezantsi kunelo owasungulwa. Kulo mzekelo, uphantsi isilingi ingafakwa kumphakamo yeendleko kunye ubuncinane inzuzo apho umenzi uyavuma ukuvelisa iimveliso okanye anike iinkonzo.

lizama market

Ntsilelo kunye nemali babe nobubi babo bendlela. Kucingwa eyiyo imeko apho lizama ixabiso Kuvela. Xa icebiso lakhe nangokobungakanani Ndikulinganise sifuna. kuphakama ubunzima obuthile xa enye yezi iparameters itshintshayo. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, kukho amathuba eliphezulu zokulahleka kuvuselele emarikeni. Okuxabiseke kuyingozi liselikho xa zitshintsha ngaxeshanye. Kuyimfuneko ukuba uyithathele ingqalelo into yokuba lizama kwimarike, intsilelo kwaye intsalela kungenzeka ngokukhawuleza okanye shwaka. Ngoko ke, xa ukunyuka imfuno, oko kukhokelela kukuba ixabiso ngokoqobo "lokutyhala" kwicala lokukhula. Ebonakalayo xa ubuninzi, isindululo, ke, kubeka uxinzelelo phezu kweendleko. Utsho isenzeko lizama emarikeni. Deficit / egqithileyo kulo engekho kwimeko.

iimpawu

Apha siye safumanisa ukuba ukuhluleka kurhwebo kwezoqoqosho. Ngoku makhe siqwalasele imeko apho kunokwenzeka.

Okokuqala kufuneka kuqwalaselwe ngobuchule ukusetyenziswa karhulumente kumgaqo mechanism. Ngokukodwa, ixabiso amaceba. Sele ingqalelo iindleko ubuncinane, kodwa ethandwa kakhulu kusekho ukuseka kumda eliphezulu. Olunjalo ngendlela ethandwa elementi zentlalo-nkqubo. Amaninzi kusetyenziswa ngokunxulumene impahla ezingxamisekileyo yinkulumbuso. Nale konke ngokucacileyo. Kodwa xa ubona ixabiso umda action (ubuncinane)?

Urhulumente iye yakhetha ekusetyenzisweni kwale ndlela kwezo meko xa oko kuyimfuneko ukuphepha lunengxaki hormone elandelwa ukuwa. Kananjalo zingasetyenziswa ukukhuthaza iintlobo ezithile yempahla. Ukuncedisana yonke kwakuwo ethe yathengwa abantu emarikeni, ezifunyenwe yi ngurhulumente ngokwayo. Bakha bucala, nto leyo eya mayibhekiswe ukulawulwa imeko ekuqaleni intsilelo. Ngokomzekelo, iingxaki ukutya.

Indlela sentsilelo

Makhe sijonge imeko kukho ukunqongophala ekunika yempahla kunye neenkonzo. amanye amacebo kwemininzi eqhelekileyo kungathiwa:

1. Ngenxa kuphuhliso loqoqosho iinkqubo. Ngoko ke, kukho inkampani ngempumelelo engena zemalike. Linikeza a esemgangathweni imveliso efuna ukuthenga abantu abaninzi. Kodwa ekuqaleni Ayinako ukubonelela zonke, kwaye kukho abathile yokunqongophala kwezinto okanye iinkonzo. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, kuya kuba nako ukuphelisa iyibeke surplus. Kodwa ke uphuhliso kwezindululo ezitsha ukubiza umbuzo kokukhululwa kwakhe ezilandelayo. Ngoko ke, ukuba umntu ufuna ukusithenga ephelelwe isampuli le mveliso, kuyintando ubuso a intsilelo. osemqoka kwayo kukuba akusayi kuba mkhulu.
2. Ngenxa kutshintshwe uhlobo ubumnini. Ngokomzekelo, le meko okudalwe ukubola eSoviet Union. Emva kokudala ithi ezintsha ubuhlobo ezindala kwezoqoqosho ziwile. Production kulo ubukhulu becala kwakuxhomekeke amashishini ebekwe kwenye indawo. Ngenxa yoko - mveliso ninganqeni, njalo njalo. Ekubeni langabom kwi esifunekayo isixa kubalulekile iimveliso, ngokuthe ngcembe yaba ezincinane kwimarike. Kwakukho ukunqongophala.
3. "Emiselweyo" sokusweleka. Khona kwiimeko apho pre-uzimisele, kungakanani oko kuveliswa, yaye abaninzi izicwangciso. Ngokomzekelo, "Isikhumbuzo" encwadi, okanye zibiza ezimotweni. Kwimeko yokugqibela yi "Lamborghini", ezinye iimodeli apho ukukhulula amaqela eliqela, yaye kanye kuphela.

isiphelo

wokwehla Market ayikho lundwendwe wamkelekile kulo naliphi na ilizwe. Emveni kwako konke, kungcono ukuba ubomi ngamaxesha amaninzi. Kodwa yeha, kodwa ubuntu akakafiki ibisencinane. Eyona nto ibhetele 'ukuqhayisa "- ixabiso kuvuselele le. Ukongeza, i kunzima ngayo kukuphepha ukusilela elifutshane ngexesha ekunyukeni yale ntlekele. Ukuba ujonga ngokusondeleyo kwi imeko yangoku bemicimbi, sitsho ngengqiniseko ukuba kuninzi ukuphuhlisa. Ukwakhiwa kwenkqubo yezoqoqosho akazazi izinto ezimbi, efana ngeentlekele kunye ntsilelo yi iphupha ethandwa ngabantu abaninzi. Imizamo kukucacisa indlela ethathwa UKarl Marx, unako ukufumana okuninzi iimfundiso banamhla nokuba anikele ezahlukene iindlela abanokufumana ukunceda abantu kwindlela yayo eninzi.