Biography Bach Isishwankathelo: yokuphila le mvumi

Umculo, leyo wadalwa ngomqambi Bach - eyona nto ingumnqa kakhulu iphela. Kodwa ke ubomi bathuleyo umdali wayo wayengekho. Biography of Bach, isishwankathelo yayo wanikela apha, uthi malunga iminyaka ubomi ekhathazekile endleleni, phezu kwenkonzo abantu bafuna nokuthotyelwa izinqumo bemkhanyela ezintsha. umfanekiso yokuqala uMdali angathabatheki, Passacaglia, clavier usebenzisa motets engaphele ndawo, oratorios, cantatas, Brandenburg Concertos, kuya kuqalisa ukuvula Bulelani kwenye ngqondi somculo - Mendelssohn.

Esakhula

In eThuringia emhlabeni kwintsapho iimvumi wazalwa umntwana wesibhozo, babhaptizwa phantsi igama uJohann Sebastian, owaba igama elingaqhelekanga, bona bubonakala "Stream '. Kodwa enyanisweni, akukho mntu wayesazi - oku kuya kubonisa biography of Bach, isishwankathelo yayo thaca apha - ukuba ihlabathi ulwandlekazi entsha. Abazali bafa omnye emva komnye, xa umntwana wayeneminyaka-9 ubudala. Umalume yakhe, nayo i imvumi. Emva kwisikolo samabanga elinesihlanu, uJohann waya Lüneburg, apho wayefunda umculo ecaweni yamaLuthere of St. Michael.

Arnstadt and Muehlhause

Noko ke, ekuqaleni umsebenzi wayo ngaphantsi konyaka Bach wasebenza Weimar enkundleni imvumi ye-Duke uJohann Ernst. Kodwa ke sivunyiwe organist kunye nentloko wekwayala zomculo Arnshadte ukuba Kuliqhayiya ukuba yimvumi abatsha. Ngeli xesha wadala imisebenzi for iziko. Kwakukho kuqala ilenze cantata yokutshintsha amalungu yakhe. Kukho lwalwenziwe passacaglia odumileyo, emva uhambo oluya iLübeck, imbalelwano wayo utitshala, uya kudala kwiminyaka elishumi kamva. Iminyaka emithathu Arnstadt eArabha Iogann Sebastian wabonisa eqinileyo nehlala ixesha elide kwindalo, eyikhusela amabango abo njengoko umqambi, ngubani okokuqala ukuba ibandla ukucula umfazi kwikwayara yecawa, apho, ngokutsho iinkokheli zayo, waba akuvumelani umculo ecaweni.

Ngowe-1706 biography of Bach, isishwankathelo yayo thaca apha, wenza enye ngeenxa - waya Muehlhause kwi-Church of St. uBlaise, apho ecetywayo indawo elungileyo kunye umvuzo endilisekileyo .. Apha ke ngovuyo utshatile Maria Barbara. Nantsi cantata yakhe yokuqala sapapashwa. Kodwa ixesha elide kule dolophu umqambi alulibaziseki njengoko wayengakwazi ukuyenza. Emva konyaka uzishiya.

Weimar - iminyaka esithoba yobomi bakhe (1708-1717)

Apha inika inkululeko ubugcisa kunye nomxholo bólshee. Yena uba inkundla organist kunye kwigumbi sigqibo nkosana. In Weimar wazalelwa kunye nabantwana bakhe, kunye nemisebenzi womntu: cantata kwi isimbo esitsha, kunye nokuqaliswa kwe iintshukumisa iingoma intsomi, efudumeleyo, kuyatshisa, lokudubula banikela zonke izivamvo kunye neminqweno, ingakumbi i "ukuzingela". Apha eloba Njengengabula, toccata kunye fugue (khumbula edume "Toccata kunye Fugue e D Minor"), kwakunye ilungu umculo. NjengoMlawuli Weimar, ngokungqinelana kunye nazo, wavula kwi kwisikhundla esiphezulu kunokuba Bach wabeka yimvumi laliphakathi nje. Thuka Umqambi ayikwazanga yona le wabiza ngenxa yokurhoxa. Ngokuba ngenyanga yakhe nekratshi ngokugqithiseleyo entolongweni. Xa wakhululwa, ngoko kunye nosapho lwakhe, waya Kotten. Ke Bach biography, isishwankathelo esifundeka kwindlela jiko ye imvumi nokutshutshiswa, kuchuma kwenye idolophu, okudumisa.

Kotten (1713-1723)

eyi 10 uJohann Sebastian Bach liza kubamba Prince mvumi Leopold Kapellmeister kwi kwizikhundla. Xa uhamba, iNkosana Anhalt-Kottenskogo, Bach wahamba umbusi wabo. Kodwa xa befika enkundleni uMongami Margrave ka Brandenburg, wayothukile singenxa yobuchule umqambi, bambuza ukuba bhala ekhonsathini i Italian emoyeni, kodwa ukuze nakozalelwe ekhaya; waseJamani ukuya khona. Bach isebenzile up ingcamango yakhe entsha, wabhala Brandenburg Concertos, waza wathumela kuye isipho esixabisekileyo Margrave. Ke yena sele ulibele malunga isicelo yaye abazange banikele ingqalelo amanqaku wathumela, leyo kudala ibiqokelela uthuli, akukho mntu udinga. Ezi Ikonsathi Bach uthuthwa nge xesha, xa ilixa romanticism. Xa ebhala ezi iikonsathi, yena ngesiquphe waza wafa umfazi othandekayo. Mhlawumbi ukuba uzive iintlungu nakuzo zayilwa iikonsathi kuyakha, ngamandla liphuma enzonzobileni umphefumlo wam zonke eliqaqambileyo. Emva konyaka, Bach wadibana Anna Magdalena, nto leyo eye ilizwi elihle. Kufuneka oyinkosikazi endlwini, unina kweenkedama ezine, yaye icebisa kuye. Umsitho zenzeka, kwakunye yabamba emtshatweni, eyaqala kakhulu prosaically, xa kukho imfuneko. Bach, ukusebenza kwinkundla kuphela phezu nomculo wezwe nokudala yobuciko - Sonatas kunye Partitas for Violin kunye cello, elangazelela igunya, yaye ngenxa yoko, xa e Leipzig ngoku indawo ibandla St. Thomas, ngoko nangoko wathi: "Le isiva Ngokutsho eSt uYohane," waza wabalelwa. endaweni cantor.

Leipzig (1723-1750)

Ngoko yaba intshukumo yokugqibela ebomini bakhe. Indlela yokufikelela iminyaka 27 uyilo, ngokungaqhelekanga elinemveliso kule minyaka? Kuphela ukudlulisela yobuciko. Kwi ngokuvela kunye nenkuthazo wadala Bach "St. Mateyu isiva". Bona okungaqhelekanga kumafa ye iokhestra, xa kungekho nobhedu namagubu, ukwenza umculo kakhulu "ukukhanya", zezintlu. New waye indibanisela ikwayara okhestra. Ukongezelela, kwakukho cantatas kunye iitekisi yeVangeli, kuquka wempangelo ( "Coffee Cantata", ababeza niqashele ukuba wabhala cantor kwebandla?), Ama ngenxa cello kunye harpsichord, yaye ekugqibeleni, i "kwiingqungquthela B Minor." Le mveliso kakhulu emangalisayo ethe ingazaliseki ngexesha lokudla kwakhe ubomi, ngenxa yokuba abo bands ababa, ngenxa yezizathu zobugcisa ngayo ukudlala. Ngokuba imihla yethu zaba izihlwele ezininzi elahlekile. E Leipzig, wayigqiba "Le Clavier Well-Wobulali". Bach watyelela simemo lobuqu uFrederick II (1747) kunye wanika "nomnikelo musical". Ukumkani akazange thaca nto imvumi. Ngowe-1750, emva kokuba utyando iliso ayiphumelelanga kunye neengxaki emva kwabo, Bach wafa eneminyaka engama-65.

umculo bach kaThixo - na ukunyuka obuncamisileyo omoya wobuntu, uloyiso phezu ixesha kunye nendawo.