KaYesu aqotho. UYesu aqotho: isici. Bulgakov, "Mfundisi noMargarita"

Abantu abaninzi ukufunda Amazing Roman Bulgakova "Mfundisi noMargarita". Abahlalutyi benziwa izimvo ezahlukeneyo malunga mveliso. Kwaye ke abantu abafunda ngayo, basabela ambiguously ukuya incwadi ngexesha elifanayo wonke umntu sifumana iimvakalelo iphikisana ngokupheleleyo kunye neemvakalelo.

Ubunjalo Romana Bulgakova

Namhlanje, abafundi kufuneka ithuba ukubona imifanekiso eshukumayo, leyo lathamba ngokusekelwe inoveli "INkosi noMargarita", kwaye kananjalo ukubona ukusebenza kwindawo yokubonela. Impela abagxeki ixesha elide baye bazama ukumisela uhlobo lomsebenzi, ukuze baqonde oko umyalezo kufuneka ibonise ukuba umfundi, kodwa bona ayizange yenzeke. Kungenxa yokuba incwadi ebhalwe Bulgakov, edibanisa iintlobo ezininzi kunye nezinto ezahlukeneyo. Ngokumangalisayo, inoveli-ntsomi akukho apapashwa kulo ebomini zombhali, ngokuba ingqalelo engathethekiyo kunye nokudakumba. Kodwa kanye iminyaka engamashumi amabini anesithandathu emva kokufa uMdali le ncwadi, njengoko abaninzi abanomdla kuyo, yaye yapapashwa ngowe-1966. Incredible kukuba konke oku ixesha elide umfazi Bulgakov yaba lo mbhalo-ngqangi yaye wayekholelwa ukuba ngenye imini uya kuba ethengwa.

uphawu ozithandayo

Abantu abaninzi ukufunda inoveli "iNkosi noMargarita", babe abalinganiswa zabo abazithandayo. Ingakumbi umdla kugqalwa uYesu aqotho. Umbhali yakhe ikhomba kunye noYesu Kristu, kwaye ulunika umlinganiswa ingakumbi engcwele. Noko ke, le iyelenqe ilenze ukuze uYesu yahluke ngokupheleleyo kuso kumfanekiso yeVangeli saint.

UYesu Ha-iguqulelwe ukusuka yesiHebhere, uYesu uthetha. Intsingiselo isiteketiso olungaqhelekanga bengasiqondi. Igama unique aluzange yi Bulgakov, yena nje ibolekwe ngayo omnye wabalinganiswa le chevkinite yokudlala. Umbhali wayefuna ukuba kucingwa ukuba ilungisa kwaye ophambili yenoveli. Ekuhambeni kwexesha lethu, abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba inxalenye ephambili yale ncwadi sijongana ngqo iNkosi noMargarita, kwakunye namabutho amnyama.

Ukuba a hero uYoshuwa

UMikhail Bulgakov wachitha ixesha elide zixoxe kumfanekiso hero, nto leyo efuna ukuchaza. Njengesiseko, wathabatha ezinye izahluko yeVangeli, abaphumelele uvavanyo yakhe kunye nonyango olunzulu ebekwe phantsi kubo. Ngoko ke, umbhali wafuna ukuqiniseka ukuba ilungile. Nantsi indlela weza uYesu Ha-ogama umfanekiso ezininzi, yaye yena Bulgakov, xa kuthelekiswa naloo mntu kaYesu.

Ukongeza kwingcaciso evela zeVangeli, umbhali bakha imiboniso kunye neenkcukacha imisebenzi yobugcisa. Mhlawumbi le nto "Le Mfundisi noMargarita" na uhlobo luyathandabuzeka, njengoko Isisekelo eyinyani, uvuthondaba, mfihlelo, umzekeliso, romance kunye nangaphezulu.

UMikhail Bulgakov, ukudala umfanekiso kaYeshuwa, okokuqala zonke ukuthembela ukhetho lwabo, iingcinga malunga ngokupheleleyo, umntu siphilile. Wayesazi ukuba eluntwini ngokupheleleyo ngamanyondololo udaka, umona kunye nezinye iimvakalelo ezingakhiyo. Ngoko ke, uYesu - kwase ze umntu omtsha, okuyinene elukholweni yakhe, nobulungisa nangokunyaniseka ngemvelo. Ngale ndlela, Bulgakov wagqiba negalelo kuluntu kumntu ngamnye ngokwahlukeneyo.

Faka uphawu

Bulgakov unikela ingqalelo uYesu Ha-mkhulu yaye kubonisa ngqo umahluko omkhulu phakathi hero ozithandayo kunye noYesu Kristu. Ukufana phakathi abalinganiswa kubonakaliswe ezithile. Ngokomzekelo, uYesu kwakhona wangcatshwa uYuda kumbethelela emnqamlezweni, kodwa kungenjalo ke umntu eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo. Ukhangela ofana ukuhamba oqhelekileyo omthandayo ukuba philosophize, kwaye ungalufumana ukoyika yendalo iintlungu emzimbeni. UYesu zigutyungelwe eyayinaso uthixo obuvezwa, into engcwele yaye ingafikeleleki ukufa yesiqhelo.

UMikhail Bulgakov izame ukwenza i eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo kaYesu aqotho. Uphawu kuyinto elula, kodwa umdla kakhulu. Yaba indoda ekuqaleni evela eNazarete, othi sobulumko ojikelezayo. Heroes ngokwabo, ezizezi, Nkosi, ngubani ukusebenza inoveli yakhe, yaye Voland, uYesu wachaza njengoko kwase kaYesu Kristu. Ngenxa yoko, uYesu Ha-noYesu kufana ethile, neembila efanayo. Kodwa ngenye zahluke kakhulu enye kwenye.

Beka uYesu Ha-inoveli

A umlinganiswa ophambili kwinoveli ngumqondiso ukukhanya nokulunga. Yena - umahluko olupheleleyo Woland, ekuthiwa inkosi ebumnyameni. UYesu sele ekho phantse zonke nokubhaleka. Bulgakov wabhala ngayo ekuqaleni, oku kwakhona ekubhekiselelwe kuyo kwisicatshulwa nasekupheleni le ncwadi. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba Ha-zazixakekile njengoThixo. Ngokubanzi, yonke le inoveli zange Bulgakov akazange abhale malunga ezulwini okanye esihogweni. Konke oku kuthelekiswa umdali le ncwadi, yaye uThixo mnye ayikho umbuzo.

Ideology, esithathwe njengesiseko, efana kakhulu kwi Gnostic okanye Manichean. Kulo mba amaqela zahlulwe ngokucacileyo ibe okulungileyo nokubi. Njengoko isitsho njalo, akukho wesithathu. Noko ke, kubonakala ukuba le ncwadi kwaye abameli omnye kunye neminye imimandla. Kwicala okulungileyo wakhetha kaYesu aqotho, ummeli wobubi Woland. Bayalingana ngokupheleleyo kwaye awanalo ilungelo ukuba bangenele ubukho nemisebenzi komnye.

isakhiwo sebali zidale

It yaphawula ngasentla, ukuze kuvele okulungileyo nokubi akakwazi kuyiphazamisa imicimbi zomnye. Kodwa kwinoveli inokufumaneka xa uYesu uza kuqalisa ukufunda incwadi Masters. Yena yesibheno enkulu ukusebenza, kwaye ugqiba ukuba ndinithumele Woland uLevi Matewu. Nceda uYesu ukuba akhulule Mfundisi noMargarita ebubini kwaye umvuzo kubo ngoxolo. UYesu Ha-ogama umfanekiso ngathi ephothiweyo ukusuka okulungileyo, ugqiba ukwenza akucingeleki, ngokuba sivumelwano of non-uphazamiseko kwimicimbi zomnye yenziwa kwiminyaka emininzi eyadlulayo. Ngenxa yoko, ubungozi Ulwamkelo uphikisa ububi esebenzayo.

ikhono kaYeshuwa

Ngaphandle kokuba uYesu Ha-nto leyo ucaphula ezinkqayiweyo phantse bonke abantu, yaba sobulumko enkulu, balihlutha ngamandla amakhulu. Oku ngokucacileyo kubonisiwe amaphepha inoveli, xa sobulumko uPilato unyangiwe ebuhlungu. Ewe, waba isipho ngokwenene, kodwa kwangaxeshanye ndingumntu esiqhelekileyo, apho egxininisa uMikhail Bulgakov. Xa inoveli, "INkosi noMargarita" bonke ohlukile ichazwa njengomthi ongaphezu eBhayibhileni. Oku kungqinwa ndawo, izinto ezo ezenzeka ebalini: uYoshuwa uMateyu wajonga emidala Yandothusa, kuba phantse yonke into lowu akholelwa. Ezinye iziganeko kunye nyaniso, kodwa kuphela isiqingatha idibana. Ngoko Bulgakov efuna ukudlulisela ebantwini ukuba iBhayibhile - hayi ibhanile, mhlawumbi sisiqingatha oko ikutshoyo - ubuxoki.

Ukongeza, umbhali ubonisa ukuba uYesu wafa, amanga, musa ukungcatsha imigaqo zabo neenkolelo. Nantso into bonke abantu nombulelo kuye iyayithanda umntu engcwele. UYesu waba engaqhelekanga kuphela ngenxa yokuba oyinyaniso, enobulungisa, ukhaliphe. Bulgakov ezama ukugxininisa zonke ezi mpawu size sincede ebantwini: nantsi ke - umnqweno umntu wokwenene.

Ukubulawa isimilo

Emva kokuba uvule ityala nxamnye uYesu, inguPontiyo Pilato wagqiba ukujamelana nawo ngaphandle kobundlobongela. Kwingxelo yakhe, wabhala ukuba sobulumko ebhadula ayibeki nayiphi na ingozi kwaye abajongwa ngamageza. Ngenxa yoko, uYesu wathunyelwa aye eKesareya Stratonian lweMeditera. Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yokuba kukho umntu kunye ngamazwi yabangela nemincili esendimbaneni, kwaye nje wagqiba ukuphelisa.

Njengoko ibanjwa ingxelo ebhaliweyo uYesu ukuya lokusayina, apho wavakalisa uluvo lwakhe malunga isenzo abasemagunyeni - ukuba ukuba abantu ababanjiweyo, ngaphandle kwabo abantu abaza kuphila kwihlabathi eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo, oko kukuthi, kwindawo apho kukho ubulungisa, nenyaniso. Emva kokufunda le ngxelo, lo lokusayina ugqibe ukuba ukubulawa kaYeshuwa Ha-kunqandwa. Yena ngelithi into yokuba le ndoda wamgxeka umlawuli, kwaye kumgwebela oku.

Kwangaxeshanye, inguPontiyo Pilato bakhwaza ukuba, urhulumente ezona zintle ngokunyaniseka, leyo kuphela emhlabeni - eli wokulawula umlawuli kukaTibheriyo. Ngalo mzuzu kwimeko kaYeshuwa lavalwa. Emva koko, kwabakho liqhawe isohlwayo, esibi kunazo zonke yaye enzima - abebethelelwe kuyo emnqamlezweni ngamaplanga. Ngenxa kokufa kukaYoshuwa yonke into iqala ukutshona ebumnyameni. Noko ke, abahlali sobulumko bacinga abahlobo babo nikholwe kuzo, bonisa ngokwabo kanye kwicala eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo. Abemi beza babubone ukubulawa eyoyikekayo, umfanekiso bangaboni ezinye iziphumo nemihlali. Utsho uphetha umhlaba indlela Ha-uYoshuwa, uphawu nto leyo umlinganiselo umthwalo.

endaweni yokuba UYobi

Ukuze walala phantsi uluvo lwabo malunga uTshawe, kufuneka ufunde kwi wobugcisa zabo ezizodwa Bulgakov. Kwaye ngoko kuphela ubona i movie, ezifotwe ngezizathu zalo. Ixesha elabelwe simazi kakuhle abalinganiswa "INkosi noMargarita", nakwizibetho zabo aziyi yinkcitho, kodwa uya kuzisa ulonwabo olukhulu.