Izinto ezifanayo phakathi imigangatho kwindlu yabucala: iintlobo kunye nobuchwepheshe zokwakha

kwindlu yabucala ukudibana phakathi imigangatho izakhiwo ezabelana isithuba ukuphakama, ukwakha imigangatho. Ezi zithinteli angaphantsi eyahlukileyo kophahla of the main. Kufuneka ube namandla ngokwaneleyo ukuze anyamezele umthwalo ubunzima baso ngemithetho yaso yaye payload ukuba ifanitshala, abantu kunye nezixhobo.

incazelo jikelele

Ixabiso le payload square metre nganye iya kuxhomekeka injongo kumaziko kunye nohlobo izixhobo. Xa kufikwa eluphahleni imbala, ngoko ke ixabiso ayikho ngaphezu kwe-105 eekhilogremu square metre nganye. EsiPhakathi imigangatho kumgangatho ophantsi , eli xabiso olwandisiweyo ngeekhilogram 210 square metre nganye. Izinto ezifanayo phakathi imigangatho kwindlu yangasese kufuneka ibe namandla, phantsi komthwalo abathanga kugoba, kink ixabiso kuvumelekile ukuba umgangatho imbala yi 1/200, ngoxa kwimeko ngezipani phakathi imigangatho, eli xabiso kufuneka ilingane 1/250.

Iimfuneko ezingundoqo ukuze overlappings

Phantsi Uphahla ukwakhiwa kufuneka aqinisekise isidanga ezaneleyo ekwambathiseni ephilileyo, ixabiso icwangcisa umgangatho kuyilo. Ukuze oku kufuneka ivalwe umsantsa kwi Indawo eziphathekayo entsimini, kodwa lo mzekelo kumagumbi angabamelwane izandi ziya ukusasaza ncinci. Ziyangenana, leyo babelane isithuba kunye umahluko lobushushu, ukhuseleko thermal kufuneka zingqinelane neemfuno. Oku kubonisa imfuno eyongezelelweyo umaleko ubushushu usambathisa. Yiyiphi uyilo enye, ingakumbi eyenziwe ngomthi, akukho nako ukumelana ithuba elide ngumlilo. Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba izinto ngamnye umda ixabiso elithile iyawulwa umlilo. Kuba iibhulorho ukuba imizuzu engama-60, ukuba yokwakha eyenziwe ngomthi kunye backfill, kwaye ezantsi has a umphezulu kokutyatyekwa kwendlu, ijamelene uya umlilo ithatha imizuzu engama-45. imiqadi zomthi, leyo akhuselwe ngomaleko udaka, ziyakwazi ukumelana siselangatyeni 15 imizuzu. Phambi imiqadi yamaplanga, apho ke inkqubo yokuhlaliswa zange ikhuselwe ngezinto ezingatshiyo kufuneka bazi ukuba abawunikiweyo umlilo-uxhathiso sikhulu ezisezantsi.

ukudlulela eziphilayo

Izinto ezifanayo phakathi imigangatho kwindlu yangasese ibe interfloor, efihlakeleyo, ongaphantsi okanye eliphezulu. Ngokutsho isisombululo eyakhayo yophahla ebalelelwe lilanga na umqadi kunye beamless. Kwimeko yokuqala, le nkqubo ibandakanya kwezixhaso kunye nokugcwaliswa. Xa izinto zokwakha yesibini ezenziwe uhlobo panels yohlobo olunye okanye nemàbhula.

iimpawu zomthi

Ukudibana phakathi imigangatho kwikhaya labucala unako uqaqambile, zicwangciswe iimpawu ngamnye mgama ngokulinganayo enye kwenye, yaye izinto uyagcwala wabeka yemiqadi yokuhlanganisa. Umthetho yokugqibela njengonogada. Imiqadi angaba metal, ikhonkrithi okanye umthi.

Iimpawu kokwakhiwa nemigangatho yamagumbi kwemiqadi yeplanga

Ngexesha ukwakhiwa kwezindlu zabucala kwiimeko ezininzi, ukusetyenziswa amaceba emithi umqadi. Yemiqadi ngelo xesha kukho kuba kweminwe, ububanzi nciphiso, ingasetyenziselwa imigangatho yokugcina okanye izakhiwo inter-kumgangatho, apho ububanzi baso kufuneka ube ziimitha ezi-5. iimveliso ezifana zenziwa sapling okanye hardwood, kwaye wenziwa kwicala ophezulu ukutyibilika, leyo lomntu lulilize. Le ndlela yokwakha yemiqadi zidlulela ezinjalo, lothuli, umgangatho kunye nezinto usambathisa.

Ukuba ugqiba ukwakha izinto ezifanayo phakathi imigangatho kwindlu yabucala ngezandla zakhe phezu ngokusekelwe imiqadi zomthi, ufanele wazi ukuba indlu ngexesha inye isicwangciso yoxande. Ziyangenana nobude xa oko kuyimfuneko kwicala owayame eludongeni elifutshane. Ukuze abaphila phantsi ubunzima bayo akuthethi kugoba, izinto zawo zibekwe kwi kumgama othile. Ukuba kufuneka ukwakha 3x4 imitha ubungakanani ukusetyenziswa sifana imiqadi 6x20, apho zibekwa phezu kodonga esiziimitha ezi-3. Ukuba interfloor zinonxibelelwano, imiqadi kufuneka isuswe ukusuka kwenye nenye iimitha 1.25 kwimeko umgama zinonxibelelwano yokugcina luyanda ukuya eemitha 1,85. Oku kubonisa ukuba uba mkhulu kunye ukwanda ububanzi kweminwe, umgama phakathi iintsika.

Technology umsebenzi

Ukuba wabeka ukudibana phakathi imigangatho kwindlu yabucala eyenziwe ngomthi, izinto zokuqala .Luqhubekekisiwe kubola. Ngenkxaso abo ikhonkrithi okanye ilitye udonga iphela ukujika ngeengcamba ezimbini engumxube nophahla, nomqadi ubekwa kwindawo yentaka uzilungiselele. Xa le nto kufuneka zifike emva iisentimitha eludongeni 3, yemiqadi yokuhlanganisa isiphelo kufuneka wenze beveled. Nendawo izaliswe yokugquma, leyo kutshintshwa amagwebu.

Phezu ubuso icala imiqadi ngakumbi imivalo 4x4 okanye 5x5, leyo kuthiwa cranial. Xa imivalo esisigxina bayotywe of iibhodi ngamaplanga. ipleyiti lothuli angenziwa licinezelwe nxamnye enye kwenye, ukuba ukhuselekile kwi bar cranial nge ngezikhonkwane. Xa wabulawa ukudibana phakathi imigangatho kwindlu yabucala, ifoto kucetyiswa ukuba siqwalasele kwangaphambili. Oku kuzakuvumela ukuba uqonde ukuba uyilo ubonelela imfuneko ngokubekwa usambathisa. Kuya kuba umlomo umaleko, kwaye kwisilingi eliphezulu - umsebenzi usambathisa thermal. Le nto ingasetyenziswa istro, udongwe eyandisiweyo, kwimbuphu yesarha, izimbiwa uboya, chip, iindiza, iinkuni kunye namagqabi. Emva nitrogen, i-bahlule makayirhole ngaphezulu usambathisa. Phakathi kwezixhaso kuqala kufuneka kubeka ngomaleko nophahla waziva, ikheswa ifilimu okanye glassine, eguqa izinto ezintlanu neesentimitha msebe. Emva ingqokelela kuza umaleko ithuba usambathisa.

Ukwakhiwa ngesixwexwe eziphathekayo

slab eziphathekayo phakathi imigangatho kwindlu yabucala kunokuba ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Ukuba kukho izakhiwo monolithic, zimele slab eqhubekayo, Ebubanzini alingana kumda ngeesentimitha eziyi-8 ukuya ku-12. Oku kusebenzisa grade eziphathekayo M 200, kwipleyiti umva kuxhaswa ethwele iindonga. Ubunzima square metre ukudibana loo nganye zingakwazi 490 kg, xa ubukhulu yi ngemilimitha 200. Ufakelo luqhutywa ngokwamabakala eziliqela, imiqadi kuqala axhasayo yenza ndihleli kwindawo efanelekileyo, ngoko yokuhlawula yonke emphinini formwork webhodi unedged, kwaye inyathelo elilandelayo izixhobo 6mm bamba. Ngelo xesha lokugqibela, le ikhonkrithi obegalelwe. Ububanzi Iizilebhu phakathi imigangatho kwindlu labucala ilingane umda ikhankanywe apha ngasentla, kodwa kubalulekile ukwakha ngokufanelekileyo kwaye formwork, nto leyo maxa wambi wathengiswa imveliso ogqityiweyo. Siqulathe owawusisibonakude iintsika, imiqadi, ngamaplanga, ngokunjalo enemilenze emithathu. Ukuba usebenzisa i formwork eyenziwe aluminium okanye imiqadi ngomthi, ngoko ke inkosi uya kukwazi ukwakha nayiphi ukudlulela uqwalaselo.

isiphelo

Izinto ezifanayo phakathi imigangatho kwindlu yabucala yokuphuhlisa ovundileyo eziluqilima ziyenziwa yenziwe ngomthi, njengoko ubunzima izinto aligalele esisekweni beendonga akukho enkulu ukuze anyamezele umthwalo eziphathekayo.