UNikolai Krymov, yomhlaba opeyintayo: biography, ubuchule

UNikolay Petrovich Krymov - amagcisa ababesebenza kwinkulungwane yokugqibela. uhlobo ozithandayo wakhe landscape. Fields, amahlathi, izindlu ezisemaphandleni, wafihlwa ikhephu okanye imitha yokukhanya - Krymov wabhala ubume lomthonyama yaye akazange ukutshintsha indlela ekhethiweyo nangona ngeziganeko zaloo kweli lizwe. Wasinda iimfazwe ezintathu, wayesazi ubuhlwempu, kodwa umsebenzi never wachukumisa imigaqo-nkqubo okanye izihloko ze imini, ngokunjalo ubuchule akazange afune ukukholisa nabani na.

Family - emhlabeni ekuqaleni

artist NP Krymov wazalwa Meyi 2 (Aprili 20, isimbo endala) ngo-1884. Wayengenguye namnye wabo amagcisa zali ngamandla nxamnye phindaphindo umntwana endleleni ya vutshila. Bawo Nicholas, uPetros A., wayengumzobi umzobo, ukusebenza ngendlela "abathululi", wafundisa umzobo e Moscow kwizikolo eziphakamileyo. Talent inkwenkwe, yena kunye nenkosikazi yakhe Maria Egorovna wabona ekuqaleni. Intloko yentsapho enkulu: UNikolai wayenabantakwabo elinanye noodade - esemncinane owafaka abantwana uthando kwindalo, ukukwazi ukubona ubuhle zehlabathi ezingqongileyo. Waba utitshala yokuqala UNikolai Krymov.

abafundisi

Ngowe-1904, wangena umfana Moscow School of Umzobo kwi kwisebe bokwakha. Ngowe-1907 yena egqithiselwe nolucacileyo. Phakathi ootitshala bakhe amagcisa ezaziwayo-kakuhle: Serov, owenza ezininzi utshintsho kwinkqubo yemfundo, LO Pasternak, uyise Boris Pasternak kaThixo, umzobi ngokwasemisebenzini Lva Tolstogo, N. Kasatkin, Peredvizhnik abaselula. Noko ke, njengoko Krymov ubhala, i artist owaba utitshala wakhe iphambili, wafa ngaphambi kokuba Nicholas wayengumfundi. Yaba Isaac Levitan. Umsebenzi wakhe uye waba nempembelelo ebalulekileyo umsebenzi Krymov.

Impumelelo lokuqala

UNikolai Krymov - lomculi we ithamsanqa. italente yakhe kakhulu kakade phakathi bokuhlala kwakhe esikolweni. Etude "Amaphahla likhephu", ebhalwe 1906, umxhelo utitshala Vasnetsov, umzalwana wegcisa odumileyo. Wathenga umzobo evela enkosini entsha, yaye kwiminyaka emibini kamva wayithenga Tretekovskaya gallery. Krymov wayeneminyaka engamashumi amabini anesine kuphela.

rose blue

Kakade ke, eCrimea - wayengumzobi landscape: uhlobo ozithandayo uchaza kuphela umsebenzi lokuqalisa, kodwa indlela yakhe yokubhala iye yakhula ubomi. Ngowe-1907 UNikolai Petrovich iye yaba yenye nxaxheba mncinane lo mboniso "Blue Rose". Masters inxaxheba exposure, ngendlela ekhethekileyo imifanekiso ezahlukeneyo. Bakwazi ukuqonda imfihlelo yamakhazikhazi yonke imihla, thumela izibongo njengesiqhelo. Lo mboniso Krymov ngeposi imisebenzi emithathu: "Xa emthonjeni" yaye iinguqulelo ezimbini "kwithambeka uyisanti."

Amagcisa abathatha inxaxheba kulo mboniso, babizwa "Blue Rose". imisebenzi zazo bezizele ukuvumelana lwangaphakathi cwaka okhethekileyo. Abameli ndlela, kuquka eCrimea, wazama isandla sakhe impressionism. Olu uhlobo yayifana ngomoya kwi "Blue Rose". I Impressionists bafuna ukudlulisa kumsebenzi yokuvela ezidlulayo msinyane, ubuhle mzuzu kwi kwayo. Nangona kunjalo, kunye nophuhliso eCrimea kunye nabo, wazama isandla sakhe eliselula, yavela e France kwicala, waqalisa ukuhamba kude kuye, siphangela ngamalaphu ezintsha, maxa wambi ephikisanayo iimbono of Impressionism.

Elinye search creative

Kuphoswa ku okuzekeliswayo ezendeleyo i "Blue", igcisa UNikolai Krymov udikwe ngokupheleleyo ngelixa besebenza kuyilo magazini "Golden ngoboya". Imifanekiso isithuba (1906-1909, "ilanga", "Bullfinches" kunye nabanye) yaye ezinye ungabe emibala lifane emaqanda inkungu yayifana yimbumba.

Ngelo xesha brushwork efanayo Krymov sungule ku cinca. Umqondiso kunye innuendo waqala ukunika indlela isigqebelo kunye yintlekisa nkulumo. Picture "Usuku Windy", "landscape eMoscow. Rainbow "," Emva kokuba nemvula yasentwasahlobo, "" yokutyela New "eziphumela eya primitivism ze badlulisele amava amatsha ukuba wayiqokelela kwiminyaka emininzi yobomi bakhe eMoscow bakurholela zayo kunye nemibhiyozo. ubume ezintsha Krymov kaThixo uzele kwimbono yabantwana. picture Bright ngokoqobo aphefumle mnandi ububi, uvuyo iziganeko ezilula neziqhelekileyo: yimbonakalo yomnyama obakhoyo efini, ilanga okanye izakhiwo ezitsha eziphakamileyo ezitratweni. A adlulisele i lomculi usebenzisa geometrisation imibala eqaqambileyo, iimilo, owathatha ukufunda ngenyameko lwendibaniso umbala. Noko ke, le isimbo bokubhala eliphakathi sigaba kuphela kuphuhliso creative of Krymov.

ngokuvumelana alinakuzuzwa

Ekubeni 1910s kumsebenzi Krymov abe ngokucacileyo nomfi le mibala iimpawu ezaziwa ngabapeyinti landscape French kwinkulungwane XVII. Klod Lorren and Nicola Pussen nokwakheka kuphuhliswa kunye moya ezintathu, nganye kulawulwa umbala ethile: omdaka, eluhlaza, yaye inqwelo-moya sesithathu - oluhlaza. Yokudweba, ngendlela oluhlanganisa inyaniso neengcinga ezimnandi ngexesha elifanayo. Badlula komhlaba kakhulu emhlabeni, kodwa wentsebenziswano namandla phezu ngelaphu, yabe iphelele alinakuzuzwa.

UNikolai Krymov - artist zange waphinda ungaveli kootitshala okanye buchopho ezaziwayo zangaphambili. style Classical of Poussin kunye Lorrain Wahlanganisa umsebenzi wakhe primitivism, ezifana kwi movie "Breaking Dawn", yaye kamva kunye imfundiso yakhe ithoni. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, wahamba wemka ukubhalwa komhlaba ukusuka kwindalo kuphela. UNikolai Petrovich waqalisa ukongeza oko akubona kwingcamango eneneni, ivelise kwakhona izicaphulo kwinkumbulo kwaye ukudala kanye ukuvumelana wabasukela iphupho uninzi abazobi zenkulungwane lokugqibela.

Nobusika nehlobo

Nendalo Krymov wabhala kuphela ehlotyeni, xa yena nomfazi wakhe siyahamba emaphandleni yaye bahlala nabahlobo. Umculi isoloko ikhangela indlu kunye balcony ukuba akwazi ukusebenza emoyeni ebonisa nenkangeleko entle.

Ebusika, inkosi babesebenza engawajonganga, esongeza kumfanekiso ngokwenene izinto ezintsha. Le misebenzi, kwakunye epeyintwe ubomi, wegqitha ubuhle kunye nemvisiswano bendalo, ubomi ngokufihlakeleyo kunye ezicacileyo. Omnye imizobo, ezo ndlela zidalwe yi wegcisa Krymov - "Winter Hosi" (1919). Nokuba awuyazi igama mfanekiso, ixesha lemini oko asithandabuzi: Isithunzi ngokuthe nesigubungelo ikhephu, esibhakabhakeni ibonakale amafu ube bomvu. Ngenxa umdlalo yokukhanya kunye nombala umzobi unako ukudlulisela ubuzaza zigxila bekhephu, phantsi umhlaba yokulala, lo mdlalo kwelanga, ayibonakali kwi ngelaphu, yaye uziva ke, abahambi eziqhutywa abandayo ekhaya ukufudumala ezonka.

inkqubo ithoni

Xa memoirs ababephila, umzobi Krymov, ogama imizobo ngoku zigcinwe kwiimyuziyam kwaneempepha zabucala, lizisa indoda umgaqo nethembakeleyo, bonke ukuba izimvo zabo ngayo. Phakathi iimbono zakhe umi ngaphandle ingcamango "ithoni jikelele", yaye ngokuphindaphindiweyo wabavavanya. Umongo yeyokuba nto ibalulekileyo zobugcisa alumelanga umbala, ithoni, okt ukukhanya in umbala. Krymov wafundisa abafundi ukuba babone ukuba yepeyinti ngokuhlwa kusoloko imini ngumzuzu. Ezichaza ithiyori koko ecetywayo ukuthelekisa iphepha elimhlophe kunye shirts starched. UNikolai Petrovich Ndamphikisa kumanqaku zakhe waza wabonisa ngayo imisebenzi ubuhle bendalo ulunika ilungelo Ukukhetha ithowuni kunye ukukhetha umbala uba umsebenzi yesibini.

Kuzo zonke izenzakalo ubudala

ngokuvumelana ekuseni, umdlalo ukukhanya nethunzi, ekuphumleni ukubamba umzuzu - lonke igcisa Krymov. Ukupeyinta "Winter Hosi", kwakunye ne imizobo "Usuku Gray", "Hosi e Zvenigorod", "Indlu e Tarusa" kunye nabanye, ukuze adlulisele ubuhle kwihlabathi jikelele kunye nohlobo ngokukodwa. Ukususela kulo mxholo emsebenzini wakhe, UNikolai Petrovich akazange ashiye nangona ngeziganeko zaloo ezimzelayo ngelo xesha kulo ilizwe. slogans ezopolitiko kunye nemiyalelo iqela akangenanga kwi canvases zakhe. "Imibala inkqubo" lakhe, waba waza wasifudusela nabafundi. UNikolai Krymov wafa Meyi 6, 1958, ukuba ukuhambisa inzululwazi yokudweba ngamagcisa aselula abaninzi abathi kamva baba amagcisa dumeke.

Nikolaya Krymova igalelo kwithiyori lwemizobo nanto. Namhlanje, umsebenzi inkosi inokubonwa kwiimyuziyam elizweni jikelele. Uninzi mizobo Krymov zezi ngokuqokelela zabucala. canvases Le womzobi nangoku bemnandi, kunye nembonakalo yakhe eshwankathelwe amagorha phakathi kwabasebenzi art kudala ukususela kuba yindlela ethandwayo.