Istanbul Bosphorus Bridge and Galata

Istanbul iibhulorho lukwa yinxalenye yale cityscape kunye nabemi abanekratshi. Kukho izakhiwo ezininzi olu hlobo, 2 ngazo ngoku uchaze.

Bosphorus Bridge - isakhiwo yamandulo lebhokisi inxalenye yaseYurophu esixeko kunye Asia. Enkosi kuye, ungenza kwimizuzu embalwa ukuya ezimbini ezahlukeneyo iindawo zehlabathi. Ukwakhiwa kwebhulorho ukhawule umlawuli wasePersi kukaDariyo I. Emva kokwakhiwa Bosphorus sinokunceda umlawuli wasePersi zidluliselwe umkhosi wakhe ukuya kwelinye icala, ukuze Ekutyunyuzweni utshaba umkhosi olukhulu lukaThixo - Aleksandra Makedonskogo. iphupha yakhe yaqaphela 480 BC, xa lwakwakhiwa Bosphorus isikhitshane kwebhulorho. Kwadlula iminyaka elikhulu ngaphambi kokuba ngomnye yinkampani kaloliwe wafumana isindululo Sultan Abdul Hamid II, ukutshintshwa koyilo ngoko entsha, anonxibelelwano zikaloliwe. Nangona kunjalo, i-Bridge Bosphorus phantsi kwaqala nje isiqingatha senkulungwane kamva, ngo-1970. Emva kweminyaka emi-3, ukuba kubanjwe indawo ozukileyo isakhiwo, alenga 64 yeemitha phezu kwamanzi Bosphorus. Ukwakhiwa ngendleko ezizigidi ezingama-200, ubude ulwakhiwo -. 1510 m, yaye ububanzi -. 39 m Bosphurus ibhulorho 6 bands (3 kwicala ngalinye) kunye 2 ukususa iinkonzo ezingxamisekileyo. Yonke imihla ke bawela ngaphezu kwama ngamawaka-200. Iimoto, nangona alihlawule. Ngenxa abasemagunyeni ubunzima ukuzibulala iindlela zabahambi ngeenyawo zivaliwe. Ukuze ezingavalekiyo kwezithuthi ogcwele oko vala kwezindawo iilori.

Ukongeza i-Bridge Bosphorus, Istanbul Oqhayisayo omnye nomdla lebhokisi elunxwemeni bay "Golden Horn". It Galata Bridge. Uye kakhulu imbali elide natyebileyo. Kuba lonke ixesha phezu bay kwakhiwa eninzi iibhulorho, kodwa rhoqo wahlala non-ezisebenzayo ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo. Omnye wabo eyakhiwe kwiindawo Sultan Mehmet II Fatih Intermedia Kasimpasa kunye Ayvansaray. Le projekthi ye kwebhulorho wahlaba nokuba uLeonardo da Vinci, ngenxa yokuba apho kukho 2 amavo. Ngokutsho yokuqala, oko engavunywanga Sultan Beyazid II, ngomhla wesibini, Leonardo yelo Yandikhathaza ukuya eTurkey. Kwaye apha ngo-1912 ukuba amawaka 50 zegolide kwakhiwa ibhulorho entsha. Noko ke, nabanye abaninzi, mna elindele ukufa kabuhlungu kuba yena xa ebona umlilo ngo 1992 phantsi kweemeko angaqondakali. In yesihlanu ngalo mzuzu ngexesha lokugqibela Galata Bridge esakhiwa kwiminyaka enesiqingatha emva komlilo - ngo-1994. Ubude bayo laliziimitha-490, ububanzi - iimitha 42. Ukuze phantsi ukwazi ukubaleka inkundla, yayakhiwe sliding. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, Galata - le yenye iibhulorho mde ehlabathini, apho naLindiili kutyalwa. Namhlanje minh ekhwela kuzo. kwiminyaka elishumi eyadlulayo, phantsi cafes ibhulorho zivulekile, iivenkile zokutyela. Kwaye namhlanje, ngokuhlwa kuyenzeka ukubona amakhulu abantu abaye ndigqibe kwelokuba ndobudlulisa Kubusuku obuzolileyo nabahlobo.

Istanbul, ncomo exelela ntoni ukuthandwa kwakhe, kukho ubutyebi ezinika, sakhiwa phezu kwiinkulungwane ezininzi: Hagia Sophia, Topkapi Palace, Galata Tower, Bosphorus Bridge, Ntombazana i-Tower, Blue Mosque abaninzi, nabanye abaninzi.