Isixeko saseNkerman, iindawo ezikhangayo: umlambo wamatye waseSt. UClement, inqaba yexesha eliphakathi iKalamita, isityalo se-Inkerman samawayini wee-vintage

Kwintshona-ntshona-ntshona yeCrimea yidolophu yasendulo yaseNkerman, edumileyo kwimibono yayo yembali, ijikelezwe ngamatye. Efumaneka kwibhankini elungileyo loMlambo weChernaya, liyakuthandwa ngukukhanya kwelanga, kwaye amawaka abavakhenkethi bathambela apha unyaka wonke ukuze baphumule ngokugqibeleleyo baze baqhelane nezikhumbuzo ezimangalisayo eziye zavela kwiindawo ezinzulu.

IQonga leNqaba-dolophu

Isixeko esinomlando osisityebi, esibuyela kwi-Middle Ages, de kube ngu-1991 ibizwa ngokuthi iB Belokamensk. I-Inkerman, eyaziwayo kuyo yonke indawo enkulu yaseRashiya, yasungulwa njengeqonga elisondele kufuphi neSevastopol, kwaye ngekhulu lama-XX yajika yaba yindawo yokusebenza.

Iintaba ezungeleleyo, ezigqitywa ngamakhamera, zitsalathisa abavakhenkethi abanandipha imihlaba engavamile. I-limestone emhlophe, esetyenziselwa ukujongana nezakhiwo, ichitshitshiswe apha ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, kwaye inani elikhulu lamacacombs lenziwe kwiindawo.

Idolophu yasemaphandleni yasemaphandleni kwi-Middle Ages ibe yindawo enkulu yokuhweba. Kwinkulungwane ye-VI, kwakhiwa inqaba enamandla, ukukhusela iindlela ezibalulekileyo zoqoqosho ezikhokelela eCrimea ukuya eChersonesos. Ukususela ngeli xesha, ukuphazamiseka kokubakho kweNkerman, okubangela ukuba nomdla wokwenene wabo bonke abahambahambayo uqale.

Inqaba, eyayibaluleke kakhulu ekuhlaleni

Emazweni anembali emininzi yempi yaseCrimea, kukho inani elikhulu lezakhiwo ezikhusela abahlali bendawo ekuhlaselweni okuvela ngaphandle. Idolophu yasendulo yaseNkerman, ezo zixhobo ezinokuthiwa yizinto eziphathekayo zeCrimea, kwakungekho nto. Isikhumbuzo esithandekayo kakhulu seMinyaka ephakathi nendawo enqatyisiweyo kwisiqithi seLonastery Rock. Kwangexesha elide likhonza njengenqaba yecandelo elincinci lika- Theodoro, owalwa namaGenese. Abahlaseli babetshise baphanga iinqaba, kodwa abemi bakha kwakhona isakhiwo sokuzivikela.

Amabutho aseTurkey ngo-1475 ahlasela iKalamit waza waphenduka iInkerman kwichweba elikhulu. Kancinci iinqaba zatshintshwa: kwakhiwa izindonga apho kwakhiwa khona iziqithi, kwakhiwa umbhobho onama-embra; Emva kwekhulu leshumi elinesibhozo, isakhiwo esiphezulu esasilahlekelwe yinto ebalulekileyo yangaphambili saba yinkangala.

Amanxuwa endonga ngeenqaba ezintlanu

Namhlanje, amanxuwa abonakala kude, ajikelezwe ngamatye kunye ne-moat eqoshwe edwaleni, ephakamileyo ngaphezu kweendwendwe zokuhlala, esiza kuthixelela.

Ngethuba lethu, inqaba ye-Kalamita yexesha eliphakathi iyingcambu yeendonga zamatye kunye neenqaba ezintlanu, phantse ihafu.

Amanxuwa endlu yeenkampu yamandulo ibonakala ehlanganiswa neflortic romance, kwaye aba-esotericists bathi banokuhlawulwa ngamandla amandla. Abaninzi beza apha ukuze bafumane amandla okomoya baze banandiphe umbono ovuyisayo ovulekileyo ukusuka ekuphakameni kweendonga.

I-Monastery eqoshwe edwaleni

Inkerman umkhombe wase- St. UClement, ohlala edwaleni eneenqaba, yasungulwa kwinkulungwane ye-IX ngabantu ababesuka e-Byzantium. Baphunyuke kwintshutshiso ye-iconoclasts, bakha isakhiwo esineenkampu ezisibhozo kunye namatempile omhlaba, axhumene phakathi kwabo ngokuhlala nasekhaya. Kwiintlobo ezininzi zamatye ezityhulwa edwaleni, amaKristu okuqala ayehlala.

I-monasteri idibaniswa nenkolo yeSt. Clement, umbhishophu waseRoma, wathunyelwa kwi-quarry kufuphi neChersonesos waza wabulawa khona. Wayenezandla zakhe ezibetyhiweyo itempile yokuqala edwaleni, ngoko ke, ukugweba ngemiphumo yophando ngeengcali, malunga neeklasi ezingama-75 zakhiwe ngale ndlela.

Iintlanzi ze-saint zagcinwa emgodini ongaphantsi kwamanzi, ukufikelela apho, ngokwemigqa, kwavulwa kuphela kanye ngonyaka. Kamva badluliselwa kwisiqithi saseCossack. Emva kokuthinjwa kwinqaba ngeTurkey (ngo-1475), i-monastery ihlabala kwaye kuphela ekupheleni kwekhulu le-XIX ivuselela ebomini kwaye ifumana igama eliphindwe kabini-ngokuhlonishwa ngu-saint kunye negama lesixeko.

Iimonastri ezinsukwini zethu

Ngeentsuku zeSoviet Union, itempile yachithwa ngokukhawuleza emva kwenyikima enamandla, kwaye ngexesha leMfazwe Enkulu yePatriotic emaphandleni kwakukho amajoni awalwa ngokukrakra kunye ne-fascists.

Kwiminyaka emininzi edlulileyo, ukubuyiswa ngokuthe ngcembe kwamagumbi esisele kunye namatempile kwaqala, kwaye ukusuka eKiebe ukuya kwiindwendwe ezihle, apho isixeko saseNkerman siqhayisa ngayo, sanikela isiqwenga se-St Clement.

Ngexesha leeholide ezinkulu zeOrthodox, inani elikhulu labahambi ba thunyelwa apha ukuze bahlambulule izono zabo baze bafumane induduzo. I-tunnel idlula ngaphantsi kweendlela zomzila wezitrotho ikhokela kwiindwendwe, ezingasenabo bonke abafuna ukuthandaza.

Inkerman Winery

Abahlali basekuhlaleni bakholelwa ukuba i-Inkerman enelanga, ekhangelwe yizo zonke iindwendwe, ikhethwe nguThigchus, yanikela isixeko esivunileyo. Kwiintaba, emva kokukhangela kwelitye lesakhiwo, iifriji zenziwa, apho ukufudumala kweqondo lokushushu kunye nokunyamezeka kwimiqathango efanelekileyo yokugcina iivini zevini kwiimvumba ze-oki.

Kwiminyaka engama-55 edlulileyo isityalo esikhulu kunazo zonke eCrimea saqulunqwa, kugcinwa ubuchwepheshe beklastiki bokuphumelela. Abakhenkethi abakhawulezi nje ukuphumla okumangalisayo, kodwa nokuzama ukuvelisa iimveliso zendawo, eyaziwayo emhlabeni jikelele ukuba u-Inkerman onobubele. Iwayini, eyenziwa kwizithethe ezingcono, ihlala izuza amanqaku kwiimfuno ezihlukeneyo zamazwe ngamazwe. Ibhizinisi elikhulu, elingumzi wangaphantsi komhlaba, alinalo elilinganayo kwihlabathi.

Izihlandlo eziya kumveliso

Kubakhenkethi, kukho ukutyelela ezininzi kwiinkqubo zeNkerman. Iwayini, ekhulile emasimini angaphantsi komhlaba, iyahlukaniswa yinto enhle kunye neentyatyambo ezimnandi.

Baya kukuxelela ngembali yokuphumelela kwe-winemaking, bachaze iteknoloji yokuvelisa i-complex, baqhelane neengcali ezinomsebenzi onobuchule otyalomali kuyo yonke ibhotile. Ngokuqinisekileyo, iimveliso ezinokuthandwa ngokukhethekileyo zingathengwa kwivenkile yenkampani, apho kukho uluhlu olupheleleyo lwesityalo.

I-Inkerman yakudala, iimbono zayo esizibhengeze kule nqaku, iyavuya kuzo zonke iindwendwe. Isixeko esinokuthula kunye nesinoxolo kuqala kuzo zonke izibheno kulabo abafuna ukuphumla kwiintsilelo zemihla ngemihla baze baqhelane nezinto ezintsha.

Apha ungayivuyela ngokupheleleyo imibono enhle kwaye uzive ukuphefumlelwa kwexesha.