Isiqu iiseli - ntoni na? negalelo lazo emzimbeni

Ngosuku olungalibalekiyo zasehlotyeni 1909, xa histologist Russian Alexander Maksimov eyaqamba ibinzana elithi "isiqu iiseli" ndingayeki ingxoxo ngabo. Iinzululwazi ngonyaka ngamnye kutyhila iimfihlelo zabo, yakha iiphazili ezintsha.

iiseli ke sstvolovye. Yintoni na - a ilikhubalo lokunyanga zonke izigulo okanye ulahlekiso inkulu iingqondo kakhulu kwezonyango? imifuniselo Animal zibonisa ukuba ngokusebenzisa ezi seli mqondiso mni baphathe nangezilonda yingozi, nangokurhala kwamalunga, isifo isibindi, intliziyo kunye isisu. Uluhlu ya le Rhaxiya, apho ukusetyenziswa indlela oluqhubekayo ezinjalo, iilebhile kunye Orenburg. iiseli stem apha yayisetyenziselwa kunyango amalungu. Kodwa kukho oososayensi ahleliweyo ngononophelo kakhulu ngokusetyenziswa iiseli stem kumphakamo wangoku lolwazi yeziphumo zabo emzimbeni kwaye belunika ukuphatha kuphela abo elinye ithuba ukuze asindise ubomi bakhe.

Isiqu iiseli: yintoni

Kakade abantwana bayazi ukuba esiphilayo, nokuba yeyomntu, isilwanyana okanye isityalo, kuvela emva ngokudibana iiseli lwegciwane yinkunzi nemazi. Ngenxa yoko, kukho elilodwa kwakheka. Esi sakhiwo diploid ukuba isethi epheleleyo zofuzo kwaye isishiya ngokupheleleyo naziphi na iiseli. ngaphezu alula elilodwa - uyindalo ekhethekileyo zendalo, zivela kuyo ngokuyinqaba elide indlela kwinzululwazi yonke inxalenye imizimba eziphilayo. Kucacile ukuba elilodwa ukuba oku ukwenza izakhiwo ezininzi kwiseli onke amalungu ngokwaneleyo. Xa ezanyisayo, uqala kokwaba imini emva nokubunjwa kwayo. Ngenxa yoko 2 "yintombi-zigotki" amancinane 100% twatse zabo "Umama-elilodwa". Emva olunye usuku "intombi" kwisiqingatha kwakhona kwahlulwa kubini, kusenziwa sele amawele-4 - "umzukulwana". Ekupheleni kosuku 5 lumalunga 30 iiseli ndiseyimbumba, iikopi ngqo elilodwa original, kuphela izihlandlo eziliqela ngaphantsi kwe ubukhulu bayo. Ewe kuthiwa blastomeres. Kweli nqanaba, DNA kunye neeproteni kuzo ngenkuthalo kuhlanganiswa, kodwa gene ayikenziwa isebenze, kwaye eziba ukhutshelo ayenziwanga lwenziwa, oko kukuthi, nangoku akuqolanga. Sinethemba, siya zicaciswe kakuhle kakhulu, iiseli isiqu, yintoni na. Ngendlela ebaxiweyo, ungafowunela ngazo nje uvavanyo, yaye oko kuya asibumbe ngayo indalo, iingalo, imilenze okanye intliziyo wesibindi, akukho bani owaziyo. stem cell langoku emzimbeni, hayi nje kuphela kweli sikwinqanaba lokuqala lophuhliso babo, kodwa xa onke amalungu sele lusebenze imilo, oko kukuthi, de isiphelo sobomi. Bona ezidingekayo ukulungisa lolwabo emva kukwenzakala, kuphela iiseli Isiqu abalupheleyo malunga 50 amaxesha ngaphantsi kunolo abaselula. Bonke babe iipropati ezimbini - ukukwazi self-ukuvuselela kwaye umahluko ngaphandle ukukwazi ukuvelisa iiseli ezikhethekileyo kakhulu.

stem cell osandul, yintoni na

Anegama njengoko ibizwa PrintPro. Bathi ke, njengoko kutshiwo apha ngasentla, akhiwa umbungu elilodwa kwaye enze nobunzima lweselula kwinqanaba yokuqala yobomi yayo. Bonke bephela pluripotent, nto leyo ethetha ukuba babe nayiphi iseli emzimbeni. Inkalo ebalulekileyo PrintPro kukuba zingenako okwangoku ukuvelisa awakwazi ukuba banoxanduva ukuhambelana kwithishyu. Ngamnye kuthi une iseti ngamnye antigen, nto leyo ekhokelela ukuba non-obonakalayo weeseli stem eyicela ngayo amajoni omzimba umntu lowo ukuba Administrator. Ekubeni ESCs le ngxaki ezincinane, ngoko kucetywa ukuba usebenzise ngexesha iinkqubo zonyango, umz, ukuze aphathe amalungu ekunqandeni iiseli. Noko ke, iimpuku zovavanyo immunosuppressed abo zilinywe PrintPro waphawula imbonakalo yamathumba amabi. Ngoko ke, impendulo ngqo, kwenzeka ntoni ku Iindlela umzimba womntu emva kokuba ukuqaliswa amalungu ayo PrintPro, kodwa. Ingqalelo igalelo elibi yesibini weeseli stem osandul kukuba umbungu abulawe emva ukususwa zabo, ngoko eziphathekayo autologous ayikwazi zingafumaneka, kuphela kubalizi.

stem cell Fetal, okanye CSF

Le nto zifumaneka kwiindawo foetal emva isisu ukuba umbungu kwiiveki ngaphezulu kwe-12. Ngeli xesha iiseli stem yokuqala, okanye blastomeres sele isigqibo ikamva labo elizayo baza umahluko. Oko kukuthi, ukuba sele iwupasisile inani elithile amaqela. osemqoka lwabo lwesibini kukuba ukususela FGC akakwazi ukwenza nayiphi na iiseli ezifunekayo, yaye into enye kuphela, umzekelo, amalungu zeethishu e-nervous system, okanye sentliziyo okanye osteochondral. Oku inzuzo yabo, ngenxa yokuba oogqirha ngendlela ethe ngqo Ungasebenzisa nabo uze unciphise umngcipheko iingxaki. Oku kusekelwe phezu kwezi migaqo, umzekelo, unyango arthrosis ngokuthi iiseli stem. ERashiya, esi sigaba indlela yokuhlola kuthatha indawo, njengokuba FSK babe neengxaki ezithile. Bagqiba kwelokuba iiseli foetal sele iintsholongwane kwesibindi, AIDS, Mycoplasma, kunye nabanye. Ngoko ke, izinto ezinjalo kufuneka kubizwa survey eninzi ezongezelelweyo kunye nokulungiswa kwezixhobo ezizodwa. Ingxaki yesibini ngokusebenzisa kubo umbuzo osemthethweni mazisoloko kuvunyelwana ngayo.

stem cell kokubeleka, okanye PUK

Le mbono "kokubeleka" lithetha "emva kokuzalwa", oko kukuthi, kubo bonke ubomi bomntu. Kukholelwa ukuba ngeli nqanaba akukho umgangatho iiseli isiqu, kodwa ke, nkqu abadala, kodwa ube amandla ephantsi (amandla). Kodwa ingasetyenziswa ngempumelelo ophezulu nokhuseleko, ekubeni CMP zibe autologous, ayinikeli. Ukuthatha le njengesiseko, saqalisa unyango kunye iiseli isiqu Orenburg kunye nezinye iikliniki abenza unyango olunjalo. Ihlala isibakala sokuba okuhlatywa umguli iyathathwa lomongo wethambo ngokuthi iiseli yayo stem owakhe elabhoratri kwi kwezixhobo ezizodwa isebenze kuzo bazibonise ukuba inani elifunekayo yaye sibuyiswe phakathi komkhosi wazo. iiseli kwakhe isiqu nomzimba esilithundezela umonakalo sitho, kuqala inkqubo yokubuyisa ixesha ekuphulukenwe nalo. Iingxaki kule ndlela zimbini:

1. Ungaze ingazeki, amajoni omzimba uya kubacekisa, iiseli zabo stem okanye iimpawu.

2. Akukho mntu owaziyo kakuhle ukuba kwenzeka ntoni iiseli stem kufunxwa ukusuka kwindawo yazo eziqhelekileyo (lomongo wethambo), nendlela utshintshe ngexesha ekukhuleni elebhu.

Ngenxa yezi zizathu, Asizanga okwangoku anikwe 100% ziziqinisekiso iinzululwazi baqhuba iimvavanyo kwizigulane kunye osteoarthritis le abohlukeneyo CMP kwisixeko efana Orenburg. iiseli isiqu, ngokoluvo lwabo, kuba idabi kumnandi amayeza, kodwa azimchazi ngokwenyani ukuba bafunda ngokupheleleyo.

Types of iiseli kokubeleka

Siye safumanisa ukuba zonke ESCs akhona jikelele, oko kukuthi, kungaba nantoni na. FGC zithe kratya ngokuthi ngqo, kodwa ingasetyenziswa ukwenza amalungu ahlukeneyo apha emfundweni lonke, umzekelo, kwi-luvo. A PUK ezizezona zincinane patent, leyo yeyona ngokwahlukeneyo. Phakathi kwazo kukho loo iintlobo leeseli :

- hematopoietic, okanye GSK;

-multipotentnye mesenchymal stromal okanye MMSC;

- tissue-ezithile;

- iiseli ukusuka igazi imfesane yosana.

GSK lungafumaneka zonke lymphocyte, iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, neeplatelets kunye nezinye iiseli zegazi.

Indima esiqwini ukhokho ezithile (elandulela) stem cell ilalela iiseli zomzimba izihlunu eqhelekileyo, ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo, abangasekhoyo. osemqoka yabo lokwahlula - inani eliqingqiweyo ngokungqongqo ngenxa yoqhekeko, ukuze abasoloko zinxulumene iiseli esiqwini lokwenyaniso.

Ukuba nokwenzeka unyango non-zoqhaqho amalungu

Kuye kwafumaniseka ukuba ITCs ngenxa yoqhekeko ezinye zibe osteoblasts, chondrocytes, adipocytes. Uphando kule traumatologist kwicala orthopaedist isixeko ekuhombisile Russian of Orenburg. Unyango osteoarthritis cell stem MMSC yokuba izigulane bangakwazanga ukuhamba, embi kangaka batshatyalaliswa nezidibanisi zazo. iiseli stem athathwa inyama adipose ezi zigulane, ngoko umbandela phantsi kweemeko engenazintsholongwane zibekwe kwindawo ekhethekileyo, apho iiveki ezimbini ikhule uhlobo iseli oyifunayo. Phambi kokuba kuqaliswe onesiphumo kuqulunqo kubaguli kuvavanywa ngononophelo ubukho kwamagciwane ezahlukeneyo. Okwangoku, bonke abo badlula impatho enjalo, uvakalelwa kakuhle, kwaye iimpawu osteoarthritis ziye zehla kakhulu. Kodwa ke, oogqirha bathi, phambi kokuba izigqibo zokugqibela kusekho kangangoko kuyimfuneko ukuqhuba iimvavanyo ezongezelelweyo ukubona izinto zaziza kuvavanywa kwizigulane kwisithuba seminyaka emibini ngayo. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kuphela ulwazi ngempumelelo yokuqala eRashiya, umsebenzi wenziwe abaya kuthathelwa ingqalelo Orenburg. iiseli stem arthrosis, samathambo, kunye nezinye izifo hemarthrosis (ukuba kuqinisekiswa iziphumo positive) uya 'aphathe' abantu ngaphandle ufakelo abizayo iphila endoprosthesis kakubi eziya kwenza umahluko izigulana evela kwimisebenzi entsonkothileyo nzima. Enye indawo kokusebenzisa ITCs - iyantlukwano yabo myocytes ngokutsha inyama kwezihlunu.

igazi intambo

Ngokobalo manani ngaphezu kwesiqingatha sabantu emhlabeni okukwiqondo omnye okanye omnye sifo wambetha arthrosis ngokuhlangeneyo. Stem iiseli MMSC, mhlawumbi amawaka abantu baya kunika ulonwabo intshukumo yalula lula, abaninzi kubo baya kubuyela yokusebenza. Ukufumana ezi ITCs hayi kuphela ngethambo kunye izihlunu adipose, kodwa igazi imfesane yosana. ucingo yenziwa emva kokuzalwa kunye enkabeni nentambo tubal. Le zezinto ezithile eziziphumo ifunyenwe malunga 80 ml. ukusebenza eliphezulu kakhulu kwezonyango unika lenkohlakalo, olubandakanya ngokudibeneyo igazi intambo kunye umongo wethambo. Ukongezelela osteoarthritis, ngokutsho oogqirha, eli gazi enokusetyenziswa kwi izifo ngaphezulu kwama-70, kuquka umhlaza. amathemba High abaphandi ngokusetyenziswa kwegazi imfesane yosana ukuba uncedo olusebenzayo kwezinye iindlela izifo ezinganyangekiyo ebantwaneni, umzekelo, wegazi, nee-, umhlaza ebuchotsheni. Ngubani wenziwe emva ukuziphatha iiseli baphuma egazini imfesane yosana xa kubhalwa ukuba izigulane schizophrenia, Cerebral Palsy isifo Parkinson kunye sokulibala. Le nto iyaqokelelwa ize igcinwe kwiibhanki egazini. Ba karhulumente nawabucala.

cells Plant stem

Zonke izityalo, ngenxa yokuba iinkqubo multicellular nazo iiseli esiqwini, ezo buzinze callus, xa izithole, kwi izintso, kwi ngamasebe abaselula. Ezi zifundo ziye kuqhutywa ginseng, edelweiss, rose, gardenia, kunye nezinye izityalo. Kodwa iziphumo ezihle yabonisa iiseli stem okanye iidiliya ezibomvu Amur. Xa isebe Far leMpuma Russian Academy of Sciences bafumanisa ukuba ukunceda ukunyanga hepatitis, yaye izazinzulu evela eCrimea ange ebuzinzisile ukuba izityalo, ingakumbi yomdiliya, isiqu iiseli ukuze zisetyenziswe kule unyango lomhlaza. umdla omkhulu kwi resveratrol kweziyobisi, ekuqaleni yafunyanwa iwayini ebomvu isiFrentshi, yaye emva koko zifumaneka iiseli kweediliya stem. It sisixhobo ephambili umlo kulutsha ulusu kunye nomzimba. Le kwafunyaniswa ukuba wasebenzisa bemeko- le cream anti-wokwaluphala "Libriderm". stem cell wafumana yeediliya igalelo nje kuphela imibimbi nesikhumba unokukhawuleza isusiwe, kodwa bukhulu ukuba moisturize, ukwenza ezithambileyo, babe nokuthantamisa, ezikhuselweyo. Abafazi abaye bazama "Libriderm" ukukhululwa kwakhe zinezibonelelo ezinjalo:

- texture beziyolo zenu;

- lula enokusetyenziswa emzimbeni;

- akubangi negazi;

- it moisturizes isikhumba phantse imini yonke;

- kuwukhulula ubuhlungu.

Andizange nje kuloo cream, ixabiso eliphezulu kunye nokungabikho ukusetyenziswa kwinyanga edlulileyo lobomi ebalulekileyo.

Medicine kwiiseli stem ngezandla zabo

Kukholelwa ukuba siyenza iiseli ezithathwe izityalo, nto eziyingozi ngaphantsi kwabo ukusuka abantu okanye izilwanyana, njengoko bazenze zambi ulwazi engengako kwaye musa ukuba enamandla, kwaye okona kubaluleke kakhulu, iziphumo engalindelekanga. Noko ke, bona, ingakumbi xa elawulwa ngenaliti, kunokubangela iziphumo ezingafunekiyo. Kodwa isicelo yangaphandle, ngokutsho umqeshwa ka Moscow State University. E. Rodimin University, kuphela okulungileyo. Lize inikeza iresiphi ukwenza kwi cream ekhaya, iiseli stem eya ukuphumeza umsebenzi ukuphucula imeko ulusu ebusweni.

Le nkcazelo ekrwada inokuba amathupha, amahlumelo abaselula seediliya, kodwa kungcono ukusika imidiliya kunye izithole ukwandisa callus zabo. Ngokuba lo sprig zifakwe emanzini usuku okanye iintsuku ezimbini kwaye ngoko kususwa, lisongelwe engutyeni desensitised ngamanzi (efumaneka kwiphepha ezimanzi), ngoko engxoweni yeplastiki kwaye ibekwe kwindawo efudumeleyo. Callus wabonakala nizahlule, eyomileyo usile. izilayidi Ezinye icephe (lokutyela) kugalela imfumba (100g) ivodka kunye nokufaka iintsuku ezisi-7. Amathupha, amahlumelo iidiliya ezifunekayo ukuze walala phantsi kwisingxobo ze ugalele ivodka, kakhulu. Nokuhlanganiswa ngenxa Ukongeza cream ogqityiweyo non-kutyetyiswa, umzekelo, zekhala noVera kunye axutywe kakuhle. Ukuthatha kungakwenza kuba ngaphakathi kunye nokongeza amathontsi ambalwa iti, amanzi ayo.

iingcali Izimvo

uchulumanco Huge kwabangela iiseli Isiqu ehlabathini lonke. Izimvo kumagqirha malunga nokusebenzisa kwabo impikiswano kakhulu.

iziphumo ezithembisayo:

-uchenye Harvard zafumana indlela yokuvelisa uqhutyelwe pluripotent SC, leyo uthathe ingqalelo iimpawu ngabanye eziphilayo;

- abaphandi Japanese ukusuka UK ziye zakhula, eye iimpuku ova kwaye ufumane ophile;

- e Kyoto Institute of CK wamvusa gametes izihlunu, sezintso adrenal;

- kwiYunivesithi Maastricht wadala iimazi SC inyama ezisebenzisekayo.

iziphumo ezingalunganga:

- izazinzulu uphando oluzimeleyo kwi-USA ne Spain wafumanisa ukuba PrintPro kwaye CMP kunye kokuhlala ixesha elide ngaphandle bume lwabo phambi kokuba eyaziswa emzimbeni wakhe ukuba ngamathumba amabi;

- izazinzulu Danish ziye zafumanisa ukuba emva 60 ekwahlukaneni UK iqalisa ukuvelisa telomerase, ukuguqula ezi zibe ziiseli zomhlaza;

- uprofesa German Stark ukuqinisekisa ukuba unyango iiseli stem amandla oyindoda - na lwako, kuba akukho siye sabonisa akukho ukusebenza enjalo.

Isiphelo: iiseli stem agcinwe amakhulu iimfihlakalo, ukanti ngayo entsha ukutofelwa igazi phambi kokuba kufunyaniswe ukuba inamaqela amaninzi. Kwixa elizayo, mhlawumbi isiqu iiseli ezovele kunyanga "konke." Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, nisebenze ngezenu izazinzulu ehlabathini lonke.