Isabelo, iimpawu isixhobo nangemigaqo kusebenza kuwo i-starter imoto

Njengoko yaziwa, injini yemoto lokuqala kuyimfuneko izihlandlo eziliqela umngxuma cranked. Kwi umatshini yokuqala, oku kwenziwa ngesandla. Kodwa ngoku, zonke iimoto baxhotyiswa ukubala, ukwenzela shaft ku gqiba ngaphandle kokusokola. Umqhubi kufuneka kuphela ukufaka iqhosha ukuya ukutshixa basenze ukuya kwindawo yesithathu. Ngaphezu koko, le injini ziya kuqhuba ngaphandle iingxaki. Oko a element kunikwa, yintoni injongo kunye siseko ekusebenzeni starter? Oku kuza kuxutyushwa kwinqaku lethu namhlanje.

ukuqashwa

Ngenxa ngesantya injini crankshaft olwakha eneji efunekayo ukuze uhambise imoto. Kodwa ingxaki kukuba injini emileyo abanakho ukukunika naliphi na amandla.

Oku kuphakamisa umbuzo iqaliswa. Ukulungiselela le njongo, yaye livele ukuziqalela. Umgaqo msebenzi uza kuqwalasela ngayo kamva. Le element uyakwazi untwist shaft ngumntu injini yombane kunye yangaphandle umthombo wamandla. Njengoko ibhetri ogcine. Kuxhomekeka imodeli kunye uhlobo lwesithuthi starter yamandla zinokuba nomahluko. Kodwa iimoto kakhulu ngokwaneleyo 3 kilowatt-injini yombane.

device

Kule ngxenye isakhiwo yenziwa iindawo ezininzi:

• Anchor ukuziqalela. Yenziwe le insimbi. It plates umqokeleli acofiweyo, kwakunye ezingundoqo.
• Retractor edluliselwe ukuziqalela. Umgaqo operation kulula kakhulu. Le relay isetyenziselwa ukubonelela amandla injini yombane xa iqhosha ucinezelo. Edluliselwe kwakhona utyhala clutch ehamba phandle. Langoku isakhi ezinokususwa ibhulorho kunye namandla abafowunelwa.
• Freewheel (ezifanayo - "Bendix"). Ngaba indlela mqengqeleki ugqithayo kuwo gear yokubandakanyeka torque ukuya isithsaba flywheel.
• Zobuciko. Zisetyenziswa lokubonelela zangoku zokuqalisa umsebenzi armature nembasa. Ngenxa yokwanda iibhrashi namandla injini yombane ngexesha kothethathethwano kunye flywheel.
• Izindlu. Ukuba zidibene zonke ezi zinto. Ngokuqhelekileyo umzimba ngokumila zezindlu. Ngaphakathi kuyo kukho kwakhona ingundoqo kunye excitation jiko.

design efanayo bonke Yokuqala mihla. Iiyantlukwano kuba ncinci kuphela. Ngoko ke, ngokuba izithuthi kunye zokuqalisa oluzenzekelayo mayixhotyiswe engathi imiwe. Baya bakhonza ukuqinisekisa ukuba imoto ukuqala kwi "Drive" kunye nezinye iindlela ngaphandle "cala".

iintlobo

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi ngeendlela:

• Gear.
• Ngaphandle kwakhe.

Umgaqo nokusebenza ukuziqalela lohlobo ukuzinyamekela xa ukudibana ngqo kunye gear rotary. Eyona abaxhamla kule yoyilo - repairability ephakamileyo ukuxhathisa imithwalo eliphezulu.

Kodwa kwizithuthi ezininzi gear iseti element. Umgaqo nokusebenza ukuziqalela yolu hlobo eza kuxutyushwa kamva. Xa kuthelekiswa nogxa wayo, element iiseyile has a kahle eliphezulu, kubadle amandla ngaphantsi, abe ubungakanani obuncinane kwaye igcina namaziko asebenza kwizinga eliphezulu ngalo lonke ixesha nokusebenza.

isimiso ukusebenza

Njengoko element esebenzayo usebenza kwi ibhetri, yimfuneko ukuqalisa ukuba ubukho mbane ombane kunye 12B ngasentla. Ngokuqhelekileyo, xa "SAGs" starter ombane kwisiqalo 1-1,5V ukuba kakhulu. Kule nkalo, ayikhuthazwa tu into yokuba ixesha elide ukuba i Umqali (imizuzwana ngaphezu ezintlanu), kuba uyakwazi bangazinandiphi ngokulula ibhetri. Umgaqo esebenza ngayo i-starter sithuthi ilula. Okokuqala, umqhubi ibeka isitshixo kwi lock kwaye cranks kwi indawo kakhulu. Ngoko ke iqala inkqubo ucinezelo. Ukuqalisa iqhosha starter kufuneka igeza kwakhona. Ngeli xesha, umfowunelwa evaliwe, kwaye ombane uhamba Ikhoyili relay kwi retractor. Le relay ngokwalo kuvelisa konqakrazo. Oku kubonisa ukuba abafowunelwa ziye zavalwa.

ankile Okulandelayo ilungu retractor isusiwe phakathi kwezindlu, ngaloo ndlela ihlaba i Bendix kunye nokwazisa ibe uthethathethwano kunye ivili isithsaba. Xa armature lufika indawo isiphelo, ukuvalwa zoqhagamshelwano kwenzeka. Ombane lisetyenziswe Ikhoyili le starter motor. Konke oku kukhokelela njengokujikeleza flywheel. Ngelo xesha nye iyajikeleza ngokwayo injini crankshaft. Iziqulathi ngokwabo uqala ukungena umxube amafutha, kunye amakhandlela ukukhanya. Ngoko ke, lo ngeemoto iqhutywa.

Emva kokuba isantya ojikeleza ngaso le flywheel idlula ngesantya starter mphini ojikeleza ngaso, ngenxa yokubandakanyeka Bendix. Yena ngenxa ukubuyela emthonjeni, oko kuyinto reset. Ngelo xesha linye i isitshixo kwi lock ubuyela endaweni yaso yesiqhelo. Zokuqhawula ubonelelo amandla ombane ukuya starter.

Ngoko ke, lo mgaqo yokusebenza ye ukuziqalela (kubandakanywa Vaz) ijolise kwi ujikelezo elifutshane elide flywheel, kangangokuba injini yokuvutha kwangaphakathi iyaziswa. Into ngaba luyayeka ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza injini inxeba phezulu ngempumelelo.

Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba anithanga ukucima imoto zokuqalisa kunye ukusebenza injini?

Amaxesha amaninzi, ezi ngxaki kuvandlakanywa ekuthwaseni entwasahlobo akuphumelelanga. Ukuba motor starter iya kuqhubeka ku gqiba nge flywheel, uya kuva into Urhashaza phezu elikhulu. Kungenxa yokuba isantya njengokujikeleza isithsaba musa idibana kunye nalowo enika izixhobo zokuqalisa umsebenzi (umahluko ngamaxesha-2 nangaphezulu). Oku kwenzeka ngenxa ucinezelo eyaphukileyo.

Qaphela ukuba le nkqubo iyingozi kakhulu ukuba izixhobo kunye zokuqalisa liphela. Nokuba yagcwala elifutshane kungakhokhelela kwiingxaki ezinkulu enjinini.

Iimfuneko starter

Le ndlela kufuneka ihlangabezane neemfuno ezininzi:

• Ukuthembeka. Oku kuthetha ukungabikho lokungaphumeleli kwi 60-80 ophosa esilandelayo).
• Ukukwazi ukubaleka kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi. Amaxesha amaninzi ilenze kakubi zokuqalisa kwi -20 kunye ngezantsi. Kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo unobangela i electrolyte abandayo kwibhetri. Ukuze nemfudumalo yakhe phambi kokuqala kucetyiswa ngokuphinda-phinda 'ukuba idanyaze "ukukhanya elikude.
• Ukukwazi indlela ukuya ngokusesikweni ngekhemikali kwithuba elifutshane.

isiphelo

Ngoko ke, siye safumanisa ukuba kukodwa ukuziqalela, umgaqo zayo zokusebenza. Njengoko ubona, oku yeyona nto ibalulekileyo nayiphi na imoto mihla. Ukuba ayiwenzi, ukuqala i injini kuya kuba kunokwenzeka kuphela "uthengisa" (as in iimoto kunye gearbox oluzenzekelayo - nkqu engenakwenzeka). Ngoko ke kufuneka ukuba esweni imeko yakhe aze ngoyaba kusilela.