Ireyithi yasekhaya: ukuphononongwa, umxholo, ukunakekelwa, ukondla, ukuzala. Ixesha elide lihlala phi ikhaya

Abathandi bezilwanyana baneenkanuko ezahlukeneyo: umntu uthanda amakati, umntu usekufuphi kwizinja ezinengqiqo kunye ethembekileyo, kanti abanye banokubukela ubomi bendawo abangaphantsi kwamanzi ngeeyure. Kwaye kukho umntu ongekho bhetele kunokuba uhlaziye (okanye lwasekhaya). Uyamangaliswa? Kodwa imbali yekhaya kunye nokuhlaziywa kwamagqabi kuvela kwi-Middle Ages.

Abantu bokuqala bokuhlobisa, inzala yezilwanyana ezidumile ngoku zivela ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20. I-rat yangaphakathi (ukuhlaziywa kwabanikazi kukuvumela ukuba ugwebe oku) bahluke ngobunzulu obuphezulu, ubuqili, ubuqili kunye nenkumbulo abantu abaninzi abanokuba nomona. Yiyo le mpawu ebangela ukuba kulondolozwe kunye nokukhula kokuthandwa kwabo.

Kwaye abantu, ukuba bayifake ngobumnene, bapholile kwiindonga, jonga ngentshisekelo kunye nemigangatho yenzalo elula ukufunda nokubonisa iirati zokuhlobisa. Kule nqaku siya kukuxelela konke malunga nezi zifuyo. Uya kufumanisa ukuba i-rat ihlala phi ekhaya, yintoni ekufuneka ifumane, yintoni ayithandayo kunye noko ayithandiyo.

Inkcazelo

I-rat yokuhlobisa ekhaya - isilwanyana sincinci. Indoda inesisindo esingama 600 amagremu, ibhinqa liphindwe kabini elincinane - 300 grams. Ubude be-trunk buvela ku-8 ukuya kuma-25 cm. Umgaqo-siseko kunye nesimo sombhobho kuxhomekeke kubuhlanga, kodwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo banomfanekiso ophakamileyo wempumlo. I-trunk ihlanganisa uboya, ubuninzi obuxhomekeke ekuzaleni, umsila uhamba nge-naked, ukuya kwi-18 centimeters ubude, ii-paws zifutshane. Umbala udla ngokuphindaphindiweyo - obomvu, omhlophe, omnyama, omnyama.

Nangona kunjalo, phakathi kwezinye iintlobo zikhona abantu abaneentambo ezimbini zobomi beeboya. Umbala wamehlo uxhomekeke kumbala, umzekelo, kumagundane amhlophe amehlo aphuzi, iigrey zimehlo amnyama.

Iintlobo kunye neentlobo zeekota zemihlobiso

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zezilwanyana, kodwa ezinye zazo zilungele ukugcina ikhaya. Ahluke ngohlobo lweboya, ubungakanani kunye nobomi obude.

Umgangatho

Isilwanyana esinomsola ocolileyo. Olu luhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwamagundane asekhaya, angathengwa phantse kuzo zonke izilwanyana zesilwanyana.

Sphinx

Kuze kube yimanje, le rat yangaphakathi ayiqhelekanga. Ubungqina bokuba bengabanikazi bakho bubonisa ukuba le yilwanyana elincomekayo elifanelekileyo kubanikazi abanesifo soboya bezilwanyana. I-sphinxes ayinakuze ibe neenwele (kumagqabeni, phantsi kwamehlo nakwe-groin ingaba yincinci elincinci).

Dumbo

Izilwanyana ezininzi ezinemizila ephantsi kunye neendlebe ezinkulu. Le ntlobo yazaliswa eCalifornia (1991). Igama lohlobo lwaluhloniphekile kwiqhawe lefilimu ebonayo-Indlovu yeDobvu.

Intloko ijikeleze ngokubanzi kunokuba yenye imvelaphi, kwaye umbhobho ukhonjiswe. Ubume bomzimba buyi-pear-shaped, kodwa bufutshane kunabantu abathandekayo.

Ukunyaniseka

Ubungqina beli phunga lucacile kwigama lohlobo, oluyimpembelelo yenguqu. Isilwanyana sokuqala sokufunyanwa asizange sifumane kwi-laboratory yesayensi, kodwa kwi-amateur evela eBrithani ngo-1983. Olu hlobo luhluke, umzekelo, ukusuka kwifom epheleleyo yohlobo lomzimba - yinto enemibala. Abameli beekrele ezilahlayo akufanele babe nomsila womsila.

Satin

Ireyiti yasekhaya yilebo ekhethekileyo. Ingxelo yabanini ibonisa ukuba iyinkimbinkimbi kwaye ide kunezinye iintlobo. Umzimba weenkikazi ze-satin unomfanekiso ofanayo nakwezilwanyana zomgangatho wokuzalwa, kwaye uboya bunobumba obuqinileyo. Yinyameko kwaye imnandi kakhulu kumgca.

Ukuphindaphinda kabini

Abameli balobu buhlanga baneenwele ezimbini zeenwele. Ingubo yifutshane kangangokuba ulusu lubonakala ngokucacileyo kuyo, ngelixa uboya bebude kwiindawo ezinkulu. Iinywele ezinzima kwaye ezinqabileyo zithe zahlakazeka emzimbeni. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba iiliti zalolu hlobo ziyi-molting.

Ngeli xesha, kwezinye iindawo, iinwele zesikhewu azikho ngokupheleleyo okwethutyana, ngamanye amaxesha zihlanganiswe ngqongqo oluphantsi. Umbala ungahluka. Iimbumba ziphihliwe kwaye zifutshane.

Ukuphila

Ngokomyinge, iirati zasemakhaya zihlala malunga ne-1.5-2 iminyaka, kodwa ngokunyamekela ngokufanelekileyo eli xesha liyakhula ukuya kwiminyaka emine. Ukongezelela, kufuneka ukwazi ukuba isilwanyana kufuneka sithengwe kubalimi, kwii-nurseries okanye kwi-pet stores, kodwa kungekhona kwintengiso yeentaka. Kule meko kuphela, uya kufumana isiqinisekiso sokuba isilwanyana siphilile kwaye asiyithathi yezifo ezinzulu.

Siyathemba ukuba, ukwazi ukuba i-rat ihlala phi ekhaya, uya kuphatha kakubi ukukhetha kwezilwanyana kwaye wenze izimo eziyimfuneko kuyo.

Ukugcinwa kweenkizi zokuhlobisa ekhaya

Ukuba uya kuba nesilwanyana, kufuneka ukwazi ukuba ezi zilwanyana zidinga ukunxibelelana. Oku akusiyo malunga nomzuzu omathathu ngomnxeba. I-rodent kufanele ihlale ehlombe lakho okanye ezandleni zakho, cima intloko yakho, zama ukugculela njengenkosi yakho kunye nomhlobo osondeleyo kunye nomhlobo kuphela.

Ukongeza, iifos kufuneka zivunyelwe ukunyakaza okungaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi kwezindlu, kuba kufuneka zihambe. Okokuqala, vumela isilwanyana sakho ukuba siphumelele indawo ethile (umzekelo, igumbi elinye) phantsi kolawulo lwesondlo lomnikazi, ngoko xa isilwanyana siphendula egameni layo, sichitha kwisandi sezwi lakho, unokuyivumela ukuba ijikeleze indlu.

Ngoko, siye sazimisela ukuba i-rat yokuhlobisa, njengentlanzi, idinga ukunxibelelana kunye nesidingo sangempela sokunyakaza kwamahhala. Ngelo xesha, ufuna indlu yakhe. Umnini kufuneka azi indlela yokusingatha isilwanyana, yintoni ekuyondla ngayo kunye nesiphi isilwanyana esilinayo.

Uhlobo lwe Rat

Eli binzana lizwakala likhululekile kwaye lincinci. Enyanisweni, isilwanyana sasekhaya (ukuhlaziywa kwabanikazi kubonisa oku) sinomntu obalaseleyo kunye nenani leenzuzo ezenza le ndoda ibe yintlanzi eyintandokazi kwiintsapho ezininzi.

I-rat, njengentlanzi, ayikho ngaphantsi kwekati ngokucoceka. Wazihlamba rhoqo. Ngokucoca okufanelekileyo kunye nexesha elifanelekileyo kweseli, akuyi kuba nephunga elimnandi endlwini. Umxholo wesilwanyana sasekhaya unokudibaniswa nokuqeqeshwa kwesi silwanyana. Ungamangaliswa, kodwa ezi zilwanyana, ezinjengezinja, zenza imiyalelo eyahlukeneyo- "ume", "ulale", "uhlale" kunye nabanye. Ubuncwane buza kukunceda ufezekise umphumo.

Ungatsho ukuba iiliti zi-omnivorous. Kodwa kule nqaku siza kukuxelela oko kukutya ezi ngongoma akufanele. Kuba ezi zilwanyana zinomdla kakhulu ukuzigcina kwinqaba elinezixhobo ezifanelekileyo: ngevili, zonke iintlobo zamashishini kunye nemibhobho. Amathanga asebenzisa ngokusila umsila kunye neengqungquthela zabo eziqinileyo.

Siyayixhobisa indlu leyo

Kulo lwanyana, ama-aquariums awafanelekanga ngenxa yokuphuphuma umoya, kwaye iiseli ze-hamsters zibangelwa kwindawo encinci. Ikhofu yerathisi yasekhaya kufuneka ibe yodwa. Kunokuba ibe yindlu emibili-engcono okanye eyinqanaba elincomekileyo, uhlobo lwekottage elininzi lweemimodeli ezahlukeneyo.

Ukongezelela ekumiseni imilinganiselo, indlu ye-rat kufuneka ihlangabezane nale mfuno elandelayo:

• Iseli kufuneka yenziwe ngamatye ensimbi anamandla, atholakala kumgama we-10 mm;
• I-pallet enzulu iyadingeka;
• Bonke abafanisi kufuneka bazinze ngokuqinisekileyo;
• Endlwini kufuneka ufake isitya sokusela kunye namanzi acocekileyo; Njenge-filler, kungcono ukusebenzisa iphepha ngaphandle kokushicilela i-ink, i-sawdust, iingubo zokhuni (ubunqamle bendawo - ungaphantsi kwe-5 cm);
• Kufuneka kubekho indawo yokukhusela-indawo efihliweyo apho isilwanyana sakho singakwazi ukuphumla, ukufihla kwimimitha eqondileyo yelanga, ukuxhobisa le ntshontsho ibhokhwe yabantwana beplastiki okanye ibumbi lobumba;
• Kwiseli kufuneka ifakwe ngokungagqithwanga kaninzi ngaphezu kweveki - ukutshintsha ngokupheleleyo i-filler, ukucoca i-pallet ngaphandle kokusebenzisa iikhemikhali zentsapho enefuthe elinamandla.

Yintoni ongayondla i-rat?

Abaninzi abanini, beyazi ukuba iilati zi-omnivorous, vumela iphutha eliqhelekileyo. I-Omnivore ayithethi ukuba isilwanyana sakho sinokutya konke. Ukutya kwesi silwanyana esihlakulayo, esisoloko sihlola umhlaba jikelele, kufuneka senziwe ngokusekelwe kwiimfuno zayo.

Ziziphi iimvumi zasekhaya ezifuna? Ukondla isilwanyana senziwa yimveliso equkethe inani elikhulu le-carbohydrate (50-60% yokutya), iiprotheyini zokukhula kwezilwanyana (25-30%), amafutha (10-20%). Ukususela kwisilinganiselo sezilwanyana kufuneka kube neemveliso ezingavumelekanga ezi zilwanyana. Ziquka:

• Ukutya okunamanzi, okunamanzi kunye nocoko;
• I i festile;
• Iziqhamo zeCitrus;
• Imifuno emifutshane: iifatata, iibhontshisi, iimbotyi, iklabishi nesipinashi;
• Inyama ebomvu.

Ukuhlaziywa kwemihla ngemihla yekhaya kufuneka kufake:

• Ukutya okuqinileyo (izaqathe, iibisiki, njl.), Okuya kunceda ukugaya amazinyo akhula rhoqo;
• Izithambile kunye nezityebhe zintsimbi ezingathengwa kwiivenkile zezilwanyana kunye / okanye iimveliso ezinokunika isilwanyana ngezinto eziyimfuneko: isitshalo seqanda neebhanana, ijusi yetamatato kunye ne-plums, imvubelo kunye ne-chaki, i-anyanisi kunye negalikhi, ioli yeentlanzi.

I-rat idinga inyama ephekiweyo enamafutha, amajikijolo kunye neziqhamo ngaphandle kwemigodi, yobisi kunye nemveliso yobisi. Ngomhla, i-rat ephilileyo idla ama-30-40 amagremu okutya okutsha. Akufanele ahlaziye rhoqo, kwaye angamvumeli ukuba ahlawule iimfuno zokutya ngeveki edlulileyo, kufuneka ahlale esuswa kwinqanaba.

Ngaba kuyimfuneko ukuhlamba i-rat?

Ukubuza indlela yokunyamekela iikota ekhaya, abanini baninzi bayazibuza ukuba ngaba kufuneka unyango lwamanzi kulesi silwanyana. Isilwanyana sasekhaya asikho kuphela, kodwa omnye kufuneka ahlambe. Kula mabhinqa, le nqubo iyenziwa phantse kanye ngenyanga, kwaye amadoda kufuneka asuswe phakathi kweebhitshi zenyanga kunye neenkiki zamanzi.

Indlela yokuhlamba isilwanyana sasekhaya? Kulula ngokwaneleyo, kodwa ulandela imithetho ethile.

1. Ngexesha lokuqala lokuhlamba, kucetyiswa ukuba kuqinisekiswe ukuba kukho umntu wesibini, xa kwenzeka isilwanyana ngokukhawuleza sinoyika.
2. Vala igumbi kwiifayile - iiriti zibamba ngokubanda.
3. Amanzi akufanele ashushu.
4. Bathe i-rat kwisitya kunye namanzi amancinci, ingakumbi ukuba isilwanyana sakho sisoyika. Umkhuhlane kufuneka ube mkhulu kangangokuba i-rat ingahlala ebhahleni.
5. Ukuze uhlambe, kufuneka usebenzise i-shampoo ekhethekileyo yamagundane, engabangela ukuba umonakalo owenziwe umonakalo kwaye wenze ukuba isilwanyana sakho siphume ngokukhazimulayo kwaye siphumelele, ukwenzela ukuba uhlambuluke lula.

Ulwalamano nezinye izilwanyana

Ngaphambi kokuba uqale isilwanyana esingavamile, kubalulekile ukuba ungazi nje indlela yokunyamekela iikota ekhaya. Ukuba usunayo isilwanyana endlwini yakho, kufuneka uqwalasele ukuhambelana kwazo. Ngokwemvelo, isilwanyana sasekhaya sisidlwenguli. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, usebenzise ezinye izilwanyana ixesha elide. Kodwa ngokuhamba kwexesha, uyaqonda ukuba akukho nengozi, kwaye izilwanyana zifumana ulwimi olufanayo.

Ngeendlela ezininzi, oku kuxhomekeke kwisilwanyana sakho sesibini. Ukuba uhlala inja yemfazwe okanye ikati enobudlova, kungcono ukula i-rat.

Qeqesho

Iiphathi zihlakaniphile kwaye zifuna ukwazi, zilula ukufundisa ezinye izakhono eziyimfuneko ngokuphambili ukuhlala nomntu.

I-rat ingafundiswa:

• Phendula kwigama uze uze kwifowuni yomnini;
• Buyela emva kokuhamba emgodini;
• Ukunyuka ekuthintela imilenze.

Okukugqibela kukugxininisa kubantwana okanye kwiindwendwe, kodwa ukuba ufundisa isilwanyana sakho ukuphendula ilizwi kwaye ubuyele ekhaya - oku kubaluleke kakhulu ekunxibelelaneni inkomo engumninimzi kunye nomnini.

Ukuze ufunde i-rat ngokulula, kuyimfuneko ukuthabatha igama elifutshane kunye ne-sonorous kunye nesitoreji ngokuphatha kwakho okuthandayo (iziqwenga zenyama ebilisiwe okanye imbewu yelanga). Ukuphindaphinda igama le-rat ngezwi elinomdla nelithulileyo, mkhuthaze ukuba uqala ukuhamba ngendlela ofunayo. Phinda ulo msebenzi rhoqo, kwaye ngokukhawuleza uza kufumanisa ukuba xa uva umnxeba wakho, uya kufika ngokukhawuleza kuwe.

Ukufundisa i-rat ukuba ibuyele kwikheji ingaba yinto efanayo, iphinda iphinda igama lekhaya. Okanye ngexesha elifanayo elithintela kwikheji. Ngokomzekelo, ngokuhlwa, ngaphandle kokulibala imbewu yelanga ilingisa umhlobo wakho.

Kulula nakakhulu ukufundisa i-rat ukuba imile emilenzeni yayo. Phakamisa kancane ukunyanga ngqo kwi-spout yezilwanyana. I-rodent iya kufinyelela ukutya kwaye imile kwimilenze yayo yangemva. Emva kokusebenza okufutshane, uya kukwenza ngokukhawuleza kwaye ngokukhawuleza.

Ukuzaliswa kweerati zasekhaya

Ukuba ugcina izilwanyana zesini ezahlukeneyo, ngokukhawuleza baya kwandisa ngokwemvelo. Enye ibhinqa inokuvelisa iipati ezingamashumi amabini emva kweenyanga ezintandathu. Nangona xa esondla iintsana, kukho ukukhulelwa okutsha. Ngako oko, iiliti ze-heterozygous kwelinye igumbi azikhuthazwa.

Ukukhula ngokwesondo kwimizi yasekhaya kwenzeka kwiinyanga ezintandathu. Nangona kunjalo, inzala enempilo inokunika i-female engaphantsi kweenyanga ezi-5-8 kunye nendoda engaphezu kweminyaka eyi-1. Ukukhulelwa kuthatha iintsuku ezingamashumi amabini anesihlanu. Ibhinqa liyayinyamekela inzala kwiiveki ezi-4 ukuya ku-5, de kube i-cubs ibe yintsholongwane, kwaye ayifumana amava obomi obuyimfuneko kumama.

Kwiiveki ezintlanu, omncinci kufuneka asuswe kumama kunye namabhinqa ahlukaniswe kwabesilisa. Kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo kwiintengiso zezilwanyana akuyi kuwuqwalasela lo mgaqo, ngoko kukho ingozi yokuthenga ibhinqa elikhulelweyo.

ICarantine

Omnye umgaqo abanikazi abanokuwunakunyanisa. Kwaphela ngokupheleleyo. I-rat efunyenweyo kufuneka ikhutshwe kwezinye izilwanyana (ukuba sele ihlala kwikheji) kwiiveki ezine. Kufakwa kwenye indlu kunye kwelinye igumbi, kuba ezinye iintsholongwane zihlala zithathwa ngomoya.

Ukuze ungathathi izilwanyana ezindala, emva kokuthetha kunye ne-rat entsha, hlamba izandla zakho ngesepha, uqaphelisise isilwanyana, nokuba ibonisa iimpawu zesifo.

Impendulo yomnikazi

I-rat yokuhlobisa, ngokubanjisene nabanini, isilwanyana esihle kakhulu-sivuya kunye neselula, esingafuni ukunakekelwa okunzima kakhulu. Impendulo yodwa kukuba abaninzi abaninibizo babiza ubomi obufutshane besilwanyana, ngoko kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthobela imiqathango yokutya nokugcina. Ukuze ungayinqumli ngakumbi.