Inkqutyana-kwimimandla of Europe. Umgaqo kulwahlulo Europe zibe subregions

Europe yenye iinxalenye ezimbini zehlabathi, amalungu kwilizwekazi yaseYurophu. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yenani lemiba zejografi, yenkcubeko, lwezoqoqosho kunye nelwezopoliko, ukongeza wenza kulwahlulo Europe kwi-kwimimandla sub. Njengoko siza kubona, nangona ukuba inxalenye behlolisisa yehlabathi incinane kakhulu, umahluko phakathi kwezahlulo zenyama yalo eyahlukileyo isekhona ebalulekileyo. Ngoko ke, yintoni le sub-kwimimandla eYurophu yaye ziziphi iimpawu zabo? Makhe zama ukuphendula le mibuzo.

Imbali yokwahlukana Europe

Phambi kokuba uqale ukuhlola inkqutyana-imimandla eYurophu, makhe sijonge imbali ukuze uqonde ukuba yintoni na sisiseko ngokwahlulwa eendawo kwingingqi mhlaba. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba, xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iindawo ezininzi zehlabathi, oku lizwekazi eyahlukileyo, kwaye ke ngoko, ziyichaze akukho ngokucacileyo imida. Le nto yakhokelela ekubeni le ndawo, ezibandakanya ingcamango kwezendalo "eYurophu", ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo zembali waba ezahlukeneyo imida.

Nkqu amaGrike amandulo owavela kwisahlulo lizwekazi, babehlala khona. Ngu Asia babemazi eFenike (ngoku Lebanon), kwaye yonke imimandla ukuba umxokise ngasempumalanga kuwo, naphantsi Europe - umhlaba ngakwintshona lizwe. Ngasentla, amaGrike wenziwe phesheya komlambo Tanais (Don current).

Isindululo zahlule eYurophu Asia yi phambene Iintaba senziwa 1720. Kodwa ke lonke eCaucasus, kuquka entla, ngabam Asia. Kamva, lo umda iye yaba yinto "gaqa" zonke kwelasezantsi. Okwangoku, iingcali ezininzi zibandakanya lonke eCaucasus kwi-European, kwaye umda kunye Asia sigcinwa ngabo ecaleni phambene Mountains and kwi Emba emlanjeni.

Nakuba kunjalo, kukho iindawo abanye zejografi libhekisela inxalenye enye yehlabathi, ngoxa abanye - okwahlukileyo. Ezi ziquka Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, uSirayeli naseSipro.

Kweli xesha emva kwicandelo kweMfazwe Yehlabathi yesiBini EYurophu wenziwa ngezizathu ezopolitiko eNtshona naseMpuma. Ubume bale East zibandakanya kumazwe yali kweminquba, kunye Western - bonke abanye. Emva kokuwa eSoviet Union kunye ukuwa kwenkqubo yali besahlulo kuqala sub-kwimimandla Europe waphila ngokupheleleyo yokusebenziseka kwaso. Nangona ezinye iindidi zokucandwa eyayikho kumaxesha angaphambili, kodwa ngoku zisetyenziswa kakhulu.

Ucando ekhoyo Europe

Zeziphi sub-imimandla eYurophu, kukho kwi ulwahlulohlulo ibalulekileyo? Kungoku nje, eli candelo zisetyenziswa ngokuxhaphakileyo lezabelo ezihlanu ezingundoqo:

• Western eYurophu;
• Central Europe;
• Northern Europe;
• Southern Europe;
• EMpuma Yurophu.

Kamva, kwi ngalinye lala macandelo kuya kuxoxwa ngazo nzulu ngakumbi ngokuhlola, ke, iqela labo iiyunithi eendawo kwinqanaba elisezantsi.

Zoning of Western Europe

Okwangoku, Western Yurophu ziquka amazwe afana eJamani, France, UK, Ireland, Belgium, Luxembourg, Monaco, Andorra, Netherlands. Nangona ukusuka kwindawo nje geographical lwembono, Germany nangoku ngokufanelekileyo ingabalelwa Centre, kodwa ithathela ingqalelo imiba yezoqoqosho kunye nezopolitiko ucando. Ngamanye amaxesha kolu didi lukwaquka Switzerland, Austria kunye Liechtenstein, nangona kaninzi oku zingafunyanwa yaye zifakwe kwi-Central Europe. Ukongeza, Great Britain ne Ireland maxa wambi eziquka e North.

Yintoni kukho subregions of Western Europe? Imela ngaphandle njengeqela eyahlukileyo eFransi, Monaco kunye Andorra. Oku kungenxa nje kuphela ebumelwaneni, kodwa isibakala sokuba eFransi i data karhulumente ezincinanana kumgangatho wamazwe ngamazwe, kuqukwa kwi-UN.

Britain ne Ireland subregions ezahlukeneyo Kwelinye Europe. Naphi na apho aya ziquka ngokuchanekileyo, eMntla okanye Ntshona belizwekazi, la mazwe ziziswa kunye. Eli qela meko kubizwa amaNgesi, okanye Island, lo subregion. Le ndawo uyagwetyelwa nje kuphela kufutshane eendawo, kodwa ngenxa yokubambisana yophuhliso elide zembali.

Enye sub-kummandla Western eYurophu amazwe Benelux. Izifinyezo Akukho nzima ukuqonda ukuba eli qela ibandakanya Belgium, Netherlands ne Luxembourg. Kwakhona lizwe yoluntu zenkcubeko nezembali, ngaphandle ngoku nobunye union kwezoqoqosho.

Urhulumente wokugqibela, apho inkululeko zifakiwe kwi-sub-imimandla namazwe angaphandle ka eYurophu, Germany. Nakuba kunjalo, kwiimeko apho Switzerland, Liechtenstein kunye Austria wabhekisela Western eYurophu, simanyene eJamani kwiqela elinye. Oku lula kufutshane eendawo kunye nenkcubeko, kuba kuwo onke la mazwe, inkoliso yabantu ithetha German.

Iindawo Central Europe

Zoning of Central Europe nzima ngakumbi. Oku kungenxa yokuba kwiinguqulelo ezahlukeneyo eninzi amazwe kufuneka zibandakanywe subregion, yaye phantse zonke ezikufuphi. Ngokwemveli, ngokuqhelekileyo ekubhekiswe kuyo Central eYurophu, la mazwe alandelayo: Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Slovenia, Serbia, iMontenegro, iCroatia, Kosovo, Macedonia, Romania, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Amaxesha amaninzi apha kwakhona bakuzibalela njengoko Austria, Switzerland kunye Liechtenstein, kwaye maxa wambi nkqu eJamani. Ukongeza, ezinye iingcali bathi kumazwe eBaltic (Latvia, Estonia, Lithuania) kukuba e Central eYurophu, nangona uninzi bona babe yinxalenye ye North.

Lo mmandla lungahlulwa-hlulwa zibe sub-kwiingingqi ezimbini: East-Central European (Poland, Slovakia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Romania) kunye Balkans (okanye yesiYugoslav), ezibandakanya amazwe elalisakuba yiYugoslavia (Bosnia and Herzegovina, Slovenia, Serbia, Croatia, Kosovo, iMontenegro, Macedonia). Indawo, iqela lokugqibela lwamazwe kungafakwa ngokunjalo Romania, kodwa ngenxa yezizathu lwezoqoqosho kunye nelwezopoliko, eli lizwe isekhona lidla ngokubhekisela eMpuma-Central subregion yaseYurophu.

Southern Europe

Inkqutyana-kwimimandla Southern Europe lungahlulwa-hlulwa zibe ngeeseti ezintathu: Iberia, Apennine kunye Balkan.

Iqela lokuqala luquka eSpeyin, ePortugal, Gibraltar ukuba nentsimi phesheya yaseBritani, kodwa kwangaxeshanye kokuba iimpawu sokumiswa. Ukongezelela, maxa wambi kwi qela linye ziquka Andorra, nangona ezinye iingcali ehlobene Western Europe.

I Apennine sub-mmandla kuquka lonke Italy, kwakunye nemeko nenomlanga, engqongwe ziziphaluka wayo - San Marino kunye eVatican. Ukongeza, apha nabo basoloko ziquka Malta kunye, ekubeni eli lizwe siqithi ibekwe kufutshane lo zwe.

Xa subregion Balkan Southern Yurophu ziquka iBulgaria, Albania neGrisi. Oku kuquka inxalenye yaseYurophu Turkey, kunye Istanbul. Ngamanye amaxesha kuquka kwisiqithi saseSipro, ngenxa ngokokuzalana yayo kwezenkcubeko eGrisi, kodwa uninzi zejografi, yena athathwa njengenxalenye ye Asia.

Icandelo kwi sub-kwimimandla Northern Europe

Inkqutyana-kwimimandla Northern Europe Zikwacebisa ukwahlulwa lezabelo. Oku kuquka Fennoscandia, i aseBalti neziqithi Northern Europe.

Isakhiwo yinxalenye Fennoscandia, Finland, Denmark, Sweden kunye eNorway. La mazwe mabini bamva kwakhona sodwa ngokwayo yaseScandinavia sub-mmandla, kamsinya nje bakuba ngokobume zibekwe kwi ekusingasiqithi efanayo.

kumazwe eBaltic - yi Lithuania, Latvia kunye Estonia.

Island Northern Europe - Iceland kunye Faroe Islands. Faroe Islands i ilifa Denmark, uye Inkululeko ethile.

Eastern Yurophu

Safunda subregions engaphandle eYurophu, ngoku lixesha lokuba babuyele kwisakhiwo ngaphambili inxalenye USSR. Ukuba ngexesha leMfazwe Cold eMpuma Yurophu ibandakanya onke amazwe kweminquba yali, kuquka Poland, eCzechoslovakia, Hungary kunye Romania, leyo ngoku ibizwa ngokuba Central Yurophu, ngoku inxalenye yalo mmandla kuphela ngurhulumente post-eSoviet.

sub-kwimimandla yoxhomekeko eMpuma Yurophu lungahlulwa-hlulwa ibe ngamaqela amabini ezinkulu: Slavic kunye abaseAfrika. Iqela lokuqala luquka eRashiya, eUkraine, Belarus kunye Moldova. Nangona yokugqibela esilawulwa abemi kungekhona Slavic kunye imvelaphi Romanesque, kodwa, nakuba kunjalo, ingqina kuphela igama ikhowudi eli qela amazwe.

Amaqela abaseAfrika kweli lizwe ngenxa becala hayi ngokupheleleyo, kodwa inxalenye kuphela kummandla eendawo Europe. Ezinye iingcali ujonge ukuba Asia. Le ithi - yi Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, kwakunye republic ngokuyinxenye recognised institution of Abkhazia noMzantsi Ossetia.

Ngaphandle kumi Kazakhstan, amazwe nabo kwimpuma Emba kumlambo Europe, kodwa ummandla iyonke yelizwe kwisabelo sabo lincinane.

ngezigaba UN

Ukongeza, kukho uhlobo elisemthethweni kwimimandla UN of Europe. Yohluka ukusuka ngasentla ukuba yahlula nemisinga azikho libe ngamalungu amahlanu, yaye ezine: North, West, South and East. Nangona kunjalo, akunakwenzeka ukuba igama eli qela ngokwayo, nto leyo ethatha ingqalelo zonke izinto awohluke zaloo mmandla.

Ngokwale Ukuhlelwa, amazwe ukuba ilapha ngasentla isebenza kuzo Central Yurophu, yahlulwa phakathi Western, Southern naseMpuma. Austria, Switzerland kunye Liechtenstein le-West, yaye onke amanye amazwe ngaphandle amazwe yiYugoslavia - ukuya eMpuma. Kuba eMpuma Yurophu, kubhekisela eBulgaria. States of the elalisakuba yiYugoslavia wabhekisela South.

ngezigaba i-WTO

I-World Tourism Organization nodidi yaso. Kwiinkalo ezininzi kufana ngokuhlelwa UN. Noko ke, kunokuba eMpuma Yurophu, iqela efanayo ebizwa ngokuba Central neMpuma Yurophu.

Umahluko ephambili ulwahlulohlulo UN amanga neqiniso yokuba iqela Central kunye neMpuma Yurophu evela kwilizwe lweBaltic Nordic ziye zidluliselwe, kwaye South - nakwiiriphabliki zangaphambili waseYugoslavia.

ukuhlelwa meaning

Kakade ke, Ukuhlelwa ezahlukileyo aluchaphazeli imeko ekuyiyo. Baya nje ukukunceda uqokelele uluhlu ithi ukuba ekhululekile ukusebenza naye.

Kwangaxeshanye, asimele silibale ukuba uhlobo enjalo obungunaphakade, njengoko zisekelwe nje kuphela kwendawo, kodwa kwakhona kwi lwezoqoqosho kunye nelwezopoliko, leyo ziyahluka. Ukongeza, ngokuhamba kwexesha, zisenokwahluka kwaye kwamkelwa imigaqo yeqela ngokubanzi.