Ingxelo yezimali

Nayiphi na ingxelo yemali inyanzelekile kwaye kubaluleke kakhulu nxalenye yengxelo yonyaka. injongo yakhe - ukuqinisekisa nokuqokelelwa kolwazi malunga bemali lekhampani, mali, naluphi na utshintsho indawo kangangonyaka. Le ngxelo ibonisa nocikizeko lolawulo lweshishini.

Zimelwe kumaxwebhu le datha mlinganiswa kufuneka icace (ukunika ingcamango eyanelisayo umsebenzi nkampani), obonakalayo (uvumela ukuvavanya iziphumo zomsebenzi), ethembekileyo (with akukho zimpazamo, igqwethwe kunye ukutenxa inyaniso), ofana (ukuze kubonwe iintsingiselo impumelelo nokusebenza lweshishini).

Le ngxelo-mali lweshishini kufuneka bawuhloniphe nexesha kuvunyelwe (ngxelo yonke imihla, qho ngeveki, ngekota, ngonyaka). ulwazi Financial ukulinganiselwa kwi iinzuzo kunye neendleko, okt, i-neenzuzo ezivela ukulungiswa kwayo kumele ngaphezulu iindleko kwayo. Iingxelo cash and kwedesika ezinkozo ezenza yonke imihla, ngokwemiqathango yentengiso - ngeveki, qho ngenyanga, ulawulo - zenyanga nezekota zemali - kanye okanye kabini ngonyaka.

Le ngxelo-mali yenzelwe ukulungiselela ulwazi abasebenzisi bayo ezahlukeneyo. Kusenokuba yimfuneko ukuba abatyalwayo lweshishini okanye izinto ekrwada kubathengisi, abafuna ukwazi ukuba creditworthiness yenkampani. Abanezabelo kunye batyali-mali ziya kufunda iingxelo inzuzo, ii-arhente zikarhulumente sebenzisa data ezinjalo ukuqokelela irhafu okanye ulawulo lwangaphandle yenkampani.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo iindlela zokuphendula yolawulo nezimali ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: lomncono, Ingeniso, Cash Flow.

Uxwebhu oluphambili - balance ingxelo zemali - ibonakalisa ukulingana accounting-asethi, ukulingana kunye namatyala lweshishini ngexesha elithile. It iqulathe asethi kunye namatyala, othe kumgaqo sbalansivannosti linokulingana. Phantsi komthetho Russian, iimakhishithi eseleyo aqulunqwa ngekota 1st, isiqingatha esinye, iinyanga 9 kunyaka opheleleyo.

Impahla izixhobo eziphathekayo ngeye yinkampani kwaye ixabiso lemali. Bona umbandela (izixhobo, izinto, oomatshini, njl) kunye nezo zingabonakaliyo (Amalungelo ubunikazi). Amatyala - ezi namatyala zemali kunye nezibophelelo nkampani okanye kwishishini. Babonakala xa usenza mboleko, ngetyala.

Ukuvavanya ukusebenza yenkampani iingxelo elungisiweyo kwemisebenzi kunye nokuphuma kwemali. Okokuqala, inzuzo kunye akhawunti ilahleko ngapha kwethuba elithile ibonakalisa yonke ingeniso kunye nenkcitho lweshishini. Okokuqala ishwankathelwe kwingxelo le ezingenayo (gross intengiso) kunye neendleko (iindleko), ngoko ke yokugqibela itsaliwe ukusuka wokuqala, ukubonisa ukuba umvuzo umnatha mbutho.

ingxelo yokuhamba kwemali zemali inika ulwazi isikhokelo zonke iintlawulo kunye neerisithi kweemali kangangexesha elithile. Olu xwebhu kunceda ukuhlola ezintathu onesiphumo nokungena kwemali: zemali, utyalo-mali kunye nokusebenza, echaza apho kweza imali evela noko wachitha.

Ukulungiselelwa kweengxelo zemali luxanduva imibutho kunye namashishini kwi kolawulo yerhafu jikelele. La maxwebhu kufuneka ngocwangco ize ifumaneke kwabasemagunyeni werhafu.

ingxelo nganye yemali nkampani ingcaciso yayo iqhotyoshelweyo. Baya kufuneka abandakanye iinkcukacha malunga neendlela zokubala kule nkampani, inkcazelo izinto ngamnye asethi kunye namatyala, iinkcukacha malunga isakhiwo eyinkunzi ye zabelo, ulwazi iintengiselwano kuzinto lomncono (iinketho, segazi, izivumelwano phambili, kunye nabanye.). iingcaciso ngokufuthi anikwa ulwazi malunga nemeko lweshishini ngokwemigqaliselo yemali ngaphezu iingxelo ngokwabo.