Indlela yokucima ityhime yomsebenzi wokwakha kunye nomyezo

I-lime yinto eyaziwayo kakhulu yokunyanga kweendonga. Inemveliso ye-disinfectant kwaye ayinakuchaphazeleka ngokubumba kunye neefungi ezahlukeneyo. Ukongeza, i-lime iphantsi kakhulu. Ixabiso layo lenza le nto ibaluleke kakhulu ekugqibeleleni iindawo zoluntu, ngokukodwa kwiidolophana ezincinane nakwiidolophana.

Injongo yale nqaku kukuxelela abafundi ukuba bayicime i-lime ngokuchanekileyo nokuba kutheni ufuna ukukwenza oku.

Ulwazi jikelele

I-lime ngokwayo ngumxube wezinto eziyimveliso yokubala kwe-limestone. Ngokuqhelekileyo kwii-shelves zeentengiso zethu kukho i-quicklime, okanye inhlama, kukho i-lime "pushonka".

Ukunyangwa kweendonga ngeqhekeza yindlela yokucoceka kakhulu yokugqiba. Inyaniso kukuba le nto ayinqandeli nayiphi na into encinci ewela kuyo. Ukongezelela, i-lime ineamandla amakhulu kunye nokunyanzeliswa kwamanzi.

Kukho iindlela zokugqiba kunye nokusilela kwabo. Ukuba umntu owenza umsebenzi akayazi ukuba ahlaziye i-lime, kwaye engenzi ngendlela engafanelekanga, ngoko kwimeko ephathwayo kuya kubakho amabala, i-blisters kunye ne-streaks. Isisombululo samanzi asiyi kunika umbala ombala okanye umbala, kodwa ngokugqithiseleyo kuya kuhamba kakubi eludongeni, kwaye emva kwexesha kuya kuphakama kwaye kuwele.

Njengazo zonke ezinye izinto zokwakha, i-lime ixhomekeke kumgangatho. Umgangatho wezinto zixhomekeke kwipesenti ye-calcium kunye ne-magnesium oxides kuyo. Kwi-lime yebanga lokuqala, inani elipheleleyo lezinto kufuneka libe ubuncinane kwi-90%. Ephantsi kwebanga, i-oxides ephantsi. Kwilime ye-lowest, ibakala lesine, inani elipheleleyo le-magnesium ne-calcium oxides alidluli kwi-60%.

Ixabiso lentengo kunye nokukhawuleza kwimarike lihluke kakhulu. Ukungalindelekanga kunokubiza malunga nama-ruble ama-3 000 ngeetoni. Ixabiso elibi kakhulu li- slame lime. Ixabiso layo linokufikelela kwi-ruble eziliwaka ezili-10 ngetoni kwaye nangaphezulu.

Ukusetyenziswa kwe-lime

I-lixed lime "pushonka" isetyenziswa epulazini kakhulu. Kwezinye iimeko, isetyenziswe nangona ukupheka. Kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa iinjongo ezinjalo:

• Xa iiplanga kunye neendonga zihlambulukile;
• Ukukhusela izakhiwo zamatye emlilweni okanye ukubola;
• Kuveliso lwekhonkrititi ye-silicate;
• Xa ubeka ngaphakathi kwiitofu kunye neendawo zomlilo;
• Ekuveleni komdaka.

Kukwasetyenziswa kakhulu kwizolimo. Wonke umntu uyazi ukuba enye yezinto eziyimfuneko kakhulu kwilizwe kunye nasensiya i-hydrated lime. Ixabiso layo liphantsi kakhulu kangangokuthi loo nto inokuthi ingcwatywe ngokusemthethweni emhlabeni, isebenzise ukuchumisa kunye nokukhupha umhlaba.

Kwizolimo, i-lime isetyenziswa:

• Ukuveliswa kwezichumisi ze-lime;
• Ekulungiseleleni i- bleach, kuyimfuneko ekwenzeni imithi kunye nezihlahla ezihlaselwa yizinambuzane;
• Ukunyangwa kweebhedi kwiintlobo zezilwanyana kunye nokulawulwa kwezifo zezityalo ezithile;
• Xa ukucoca ulusu lwezilwanyana;
• Ukulungiselela amakhemikhali e-calcium asetyenziselwa ukucocwa kwamanzi;
• Ukulungiselela u-E 526 - isongezo esisetyenziswe kwishishini lokutya.

Ukwahlula

Ngokuqhelekileyo kuzo zonke iindawo zokulawula kuphela eziphathekayo zisetyenziswa, kodwa ngaphambi kokuthetha malunga nendlela yokucima i-lime, makhe sijonge kwi-classification yayo. Ulwahlulo oluphambili lwe-lime lwenziwa ngokuya kwezinga lokuphela kwalo:

• Ukucima okutshatyalaliswayo - inkqubo yonke ithatha ngaphezu kwesigama seyure;
• Umyinge wokucima - ukucima kuthatha imizuzu eyi-15-25;
• Ukucima ngokukhawuleza - konke kwenzeka ngokukhawuleza, imizuzu emi-5-10.

Udidi lwesibini luqwalasela iimpawu zokuqina:

• Umoya - eli lime lisetyenziselwa ukwandisa isantya sobumba obunzima kwimimiselo eyomileyo, emoyeni;
• I-Hydraulic - isetyenziselwa izisombululo ezifuna ukuba namandla okhethekileyo; Isetyenziswe kwimisebenzi eyenziwa ngamanzi: ukwakha iziseko zeprothi, inkxaso yebhanti njalonjalo; Iyabuthathaka kwaye iyancipha ngamandla.

Udidi lwesithathu nolokugqibela lokuhlelwa kwe-lime yizahlulo. Kuxhomekeke kubukhulu beengcande, kunoku:

• Lumpy;
• Uchohliweyo;
• Umda.

Umgaqo wokusebenza nokukhuseleko

Ngokuchanekileyo ukucima i-lime kwimiqathango yendlu akunakunzima. Oku akuyi kuthatha ixesha elide, akukho zakhono ezizodwa, akukho zixhobo ezikhethekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, inkqubo kufuneka ilungiswe kakuhle. Xa kucima i-lime, ukuphendulela ngokukrakra kwenzeka, oko kukuthi, kukhululeka ukushisa okukhulu. Kwaye ukuphepha ukulimala, ngaphambi kokuba ucime i-lime, kufuneka ulungiselele:

• Iiglasi nezikhuselo;
• Izambatho, ukuxhatshazwa kwi-alkali, iindawo zokugcina eziphezulu;
• Umphefumulayo onokukwazi ukukhusela izitho zokuphefumula ngothuli, igesi kunye neengqungquthela zokubala.

Uyakufuna kwakhona itanki yokucima, amanzi kunye nentonga ende yokuvuselela.

Indlela yokucima i-lime ngenjongo yokwakha

Ngoko ke, siqhubeka kwinkqubo yokuguqula i-quicklime kwi-lime e-slaked, ekugqibeleni, ngokuqinisekileyo, zonke izicwangciso.

Ngaphambi kokuba uhlaziye i-lime, gqoka iimpahla zokukhusela ezikhuselekileyo, izigulane, i-breath and greens.

1. Siya kulala lime ekulungeni. Kulungele ukusebenzisa lezi zinto izitya zensimbi ngaphandle kweempawu zokugqwala. Umbhobho weplastiki okanye ibhakethi ayiyi kusebenza. Inyaniso kukuba xa ucinywa, umxube uvuselela ufike kwi-150-180 ° C, kwaye iplastiki iyancibilika.
2. Ukunyamekela umxube ngamanzi abandayo ngesantya esinye kunye (ukuba ufuna ukufumana "umqhubi"). Ukuba udinga ukulungiselela intlama yokubala, ngoko-1 kg ye-lime kufuneka uyithathe ihafu yesitha yamanzi.
3. Amanzi kufuneka athululelwe kwiincinci ezincinci, ngakumbi ukuba i-lime yakho iyinxalenye enkulu. Ukuba uthe wathululela ngokukhawuleza yonke into ekhoyo, kukho inokwenzeka ukuba i-clumps enkulu "i-coke" kwaye inkqubo iya kuthatha ixesha elide.
4. Ngenyameko kwaye udibanise ngobumnene umxube obangelwayo. Yenza oku njalo emva nje kokuba sibone ukuhla kwe-steam ngaphezu kommandla wetanki.
5. Emva kokuba ukuphefumula kuphelile, sivala isitya kunye nesibhambathiso sishiye ukuhambisa iiyure ezingama-24-36. Emva koko, umxube kufuneka uxutywe ngokucophelela kwakhona kwaye ushiywe ukufaka indawo epholile endaweni epholileyo ubuncinane iintsuku ezi-14 (ukulungiselela izakhiwo), okanye ngcono - kwinyanga. Kuphela emva koko, i-lime iya kufumana iipropati zayo kwaye iya kuhlulwa kuphela kwi-gauze.

Qaphela! Musa ukuncika phezu kwesitya esiphantsi kakhulu - ukufudumala ngexesha lokuphendula kungabangela ukushisa okukhulu kweekhemikhali.

Imoya yokumhlophe kunye nokutshiza imithi kunye nemifula

Njengoko sele sithethile, le nto isetyenzisiweyo ingasetyenziswanga kuphela ekwakheni, kodwa nakwimisebenzi yasegadi neyegadi. Ngoko makhe sithethe ngendlela yokucima ityimu yemithi.

Ukwenza isisombululo semithi emhlophe, kufuneka uthathe i-1 kg ye-calcareous powder kunye nama-2-3 ilitha amanzi. Qaphela zonke iindlela zokuqapha, ukucima ityimu kwaye ushiye isisombululo kwiiyure ezingama-48 zokungena. Ukuba uya kusebenzisa i-sprayer okanye isibhamu sokutshiza ukusikwa kwamhlophe, umxube kufuneka ucoce ngokucophelela. Ukuba uhlamba imithi ngemibhobho, akufuneki ukucoca isisombululo.

Ukuze ugcine umxube ungcono kwi-trunk kunye namasebe, i-PVA glue encinane, ubisi okanye "ukunamathela" okhethekileyo, okuthengiswa kwiivenkile zabalimi, unokongezwa kwisisombululo. Ukuba uthatha isigqibo sokuphatha imithi kunye nezihlahla ukuze ulahlekise izidumbu eziphila phantsi kwegxolo, ngoko ke, ukongeza kuzo zonke ezi ngasentla, ungakulibali ukongeza ubhedu lwe-sulphate kwisisombululo. Umxube obangelwayo uya kufumana i-tinge bluish, kodwa nayiphi na isidalwa esiphilayo e-bark asihlali.

Indlela yokuhlaziya i-lime e-slaked kakade

Usuvele ukwazi ukucima i-lime, ngoko kuthetha, yemvelo. Ngoku makhe sithethe malunga nendlela yokulungisa ngokufanelekileyo isisombululo somxininiso oyifunayo kwi-lime esele isuliweyo. Kukho imiba:

1. Kwintlama yokubala awukwazi ukuthulula inani elikhulu lamanzi kanye, kukulungele ukwenza ngokuthe ngcembe. Inxalenye enkulu yamanzi anokuthululwa kwisinyathelo esinye isitha 1 nge 2 kg ye "pushonka".
2. Isisombululo sokuhlaziya kuphela ngamanzi abandayo.
3. Umxube onxulisayo awukwazi ukusetyenziswa ngokukhawuleza. Yiyeke iinye iiyure eziyi-12 ukuya kwezi-24, zonke iinqununu kufuneka "zenze abahlobo" kunye.

Ukuba ufuna ukusebenzisa umxube obangelwayo ukuhlanjululwa kwamatshini okanye iindonga, sebenzisa inkohliso encinane. Lungiselela isisombululo se-saline (u-2 kg weetyuwa nge-1 ilitha yamanzi) kwaye udibanise kunye ne-lime, ufikelele ekuxininiseni okufunayo. Ukushiya umxube obangelwayo emva kweeyure ezingama-24, emva koko kufuneka utyunye ngesihlunu esihle okanye i-gauze.

Ukongezwa okunjalo kuya kulungisa umxube, umbala omhlophe uhlala ixesha elide eludongeni, ungashiyi mandla kwizandla okanye kwiingubo xa uthintela.

Isiphelo

I-lime yinto ecacileyo, engahlambulukanga kunye nexabiso elinokuhlawulekayo, ukutshintshwa okulinganayo kuyo kude kubekho umntu ozayo. Ngoku uyazi kakuhle indlela yokucima i-lime, kwaye unokulungiselela ukulungelelaniswa kwemhlophe ngemithi kunye nemithi ngaphandle kokuncediswa ngaphandle kunye neendleko ezongezelelweyo, yenza umxube wokubambisa okanye ukhonta.