Indlela ukutshintsha iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba? mvume lokuqhuba isampula omtsha

Bonke abaqhubi bazi ukuba uxwebhu oluphambili onika ilungelo ukuqhuba isithuthi - i -mvume lokuqhuba. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela ubume mvume. uxwebhu esalele, umzekelo omdala, zonakaliswe, oluqulunqwe ngokungachanekanga - ukuba akuvumelekile kwaye kungabangela nemiphumela emibi esemthethweni umnini. Ngoko kuyimfuneko ukwazi ukutshintsha iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba apho ukwenza njani.

Ulwazi abaqhubi beemoto

Ngumphunga nje bonke umqhubi lijongene imfuneko yokukhupha mvume lokuqhuba omdala entsha. Izizathu ingaba ezahlukeneyo: amagama utshintshe, ekupheleni kwexesha uxwebhu wihi (ngoku ke iminyaka eli-10), kule nkalongoko lwamalungelo okanye utshintsho yi mithetho ngoku kwifomu emiselweyo. amalungelo Replacement - i inkqubo ingaqhelekanga, ngoko ke Umqhubi unemibuzo. Indlela yokwenza oko, yintoni kufuneka amaxwebhu ukuqokelela, nawuphi na umbutho abanobuchule ayenzayo, wobeka uya kubiza "zodidi" enjalo? Kodwa ukoyika musa. Ukuba ngenyameko ukulungiselela onke amaphepha, kufuneka ube awunangxaki yokwabelana kufumaneke yomqhubi ilayisensi. Isampulu-mvume lokuqhuba ngayo ngefomathi entsha kunokubonwa efotweni kweli nqaku.

zonke izenzo iza kuzama ukuqwalasela iinkcukacha ukuba kuya kufuneka ukuba benze ukuze abe umnini isiqinisekiso entsha uqhuba isithuthi.

apho ukuya

Ukuba unayo imfuneko yokuba kutshintshwe mvume zokuqhuba, nceda qhagamshelana amapolisa ezendlela State ummandla wesifundo RF apho ubhalisile okanye okunene aphile. Yiyo lo mzimba unelungelo lokuba kukhutshwe isiqinisekiso esitsha endaweni isampulu endala. Indlela elula - qhagamshelana nendawo yokuhlala ngokusisigxina naliphi na isebe le endlela. iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba, kufuneka ukuba kwaneso ngefomathi entsha xwebhu. Le ndlela yesibini - ukuba uhlala kwindawo enye (kuchaziwe), kodwa okwangoku ubhaliso lwethutyana kwesinye isixeko, unalo ilungelo lokuba babelane ilayisenisi kuwo nawuphi na izifundo ze-RF. Indlela ukutshintsha iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba ukuba akukho ngokomthetho naphi na? Kulo mzekelo, unalo ithuba ukubuyisela nakuphi na amalungelo kwisebe yobhaliso amapolisa ezendlela kwi kummandla Russia.

Noko ke, nto ibonisa ukuba isenzo esinjalo zicwadi kunzima kakhulu ukwenza - abahloli Zininzi izizathu kukulandulela. Isiphelo: Utshintsho lomthetho kunzima kakhulu ngaphandle kwemvume yokuhlala.

Igama elithi kwamalungelo amanyathelo

Ixesha mvume lokuqhuba (izenzo zakhe) kweli lizwe lethu yiminyaka eli-10 ubudala. umhla End of ukunyulwa kucacisiwe kwikholam efanelekileyo malunga umqhubi eyabelwe kudidi. Xa umhla liphelelwa - mvume uba ayisebenzi, kwaye unalo ilungelo lokuqhuba isithuthi. Olu xwebhu kufuneka unikezele ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Noko ke, ukuba anibagxothanga imoto ngethuba kulibaziseka, uya kuba nako ukusebenzisa izohlwayo waphula imiqathango yomyalelo. Kamsinya nje uza kufuneka uxwebhu olutsha, ungenza isicelo emapoliseni endlela. Yaye khumbula: awanalo ilungelo kubuvelela kuni amalungelo liphelile ixesha elide eyadlulayo.

Kodwa ke kukho iimeko ulawulo - kwezinye iimeko mvume ikhutshwa ixesha elifutshane semthethweni.

• Abemi ukufika okwethutyana Russian Federation kwaye ngeli xesha, ilayisensi yomqhubi langaphandle kaThixo. Ikhutshwe uxwebhu enjalo, ngokuqhelekileyo isithuba ixesha umntu nihlale kweli lizwe (kufuneka aqinisekise amaxwebhu afanelekileyo). Practice ibonisa ukuba amalungelo ziyafumaneka iminyaka ukuya ku-10.
• mvume lokuqhuba International - olu hlobo xwebhu banikwe iminyaka emi-3. Noko ke, ukunyaniseka kwayo kwilizwe lethu ayikwazi ukudlula ixesha-mvume lokuqhuba wesizwe endaweni yakhe yokuhlala.

ukulungiselela amaxwebhu

Nokukhutshwa mvume lokuqhuba kwenzeka kuphela xa kukho a full package of amaxwebhu ekufuneka ingeniswe UMhloli State:

• Statement. Yiba kuyo kwifom simahla, ecacisa ngenjongo ukutshintsha amalungelo akhoyo ukuya ezintsha. Okanye Ungathatha ingqalelo le modeli ocetywayo amapolisa endlela. Qiniseka ukuba uchaze isizathu apho isicelo sokuhlola.
• Passport okanye olunye uxwebhu engqina yesazisi yakho. Noko ke, njengokuba kusenziwa imiboniso, amapolisa ezendlela kuthatha kuphela ipasipoti akazange ukuze amanye amaphepha. Qiniseka ukuba ingaxuthi i yokundwendwela (ukuba ikhona), ukuze ubhale kakuhle data yakho kuxwebhu olutsha.
• Nceda, nto leyo eza kuqinisekisa indawo ngoweqela kwakho: yobhaliso umqhubi yethutyana okanye esisigxina ngayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, phawu abe yokundwendwela, kodwa abasebenzi ukuze Ukongezelela ukucela olu xwebhu.
• Certificate, nto leyo engqina ukuba nafundiswayo esikolweni ukuqhuba okanye inkqubo ngamnye. Qaphela ukuba ngoku iimviwo njengoko ofundela ngaphandle ukuba amalungelo abantu abakhubazekileyo (ukuba kuyenzeka de-2013).
• incwadi kagqirha. Olu xwebhu kuba mdala, kufuneka kufakelwe isampuli kwaye ubonise koko udidi lakho lokuqhuba "ukufaneleka" iqinisekisiwe.
• yelayisensi yomqhubi ubudala.
• 2 imifanekiso (umbala 3.5 x 4.5 cm). Kodwa yelayisensi yomqhubi ye sampula omtsha kwenziwa ngokuzenzekelayo kwaye ayifuni nokungeniswa iifoto. Zilungiselele ukuba ukuba iifoto zakho ngokungqalileyo nohlolo.
• Ikopi inombolo yesazisi yerhafu.
• Iirisithi engqina intlawulo yeenkonzo ekuveliseni amaxwebhu.

Kwakhona iimviwo?

Musa ukuphaphazela, umthetho ngoku ukubonelela kwakhona iimviwo-ukuqinisekisa ubuchule lakho lokuqhuba. mvume lokuqhuba isampuli omtsha zingafumaneka kuphela emva kokuba ukucaciswa lonke ulwazi oluyimfuneko kwiziko ledatha ezisembindini zikaRhulumente endlela. Incutshe uzihlole:

• Bangaphi abantu iziphoso zenu yolawulo.
• Ngaba ndayihluthwa amalungelo kwixesha elidlulileyo.
• Ingaba unayo inombolo kwi yokukhangela, kwaye imoto yakho ezibiweyo.
• Nini kwaye baqeqeshwa apho.

Ngenxa yazo zonke ezi data iza kwenziwa isigqibo malunga ithuba ukunika iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba elitsha likaThixo kuwe. IGosa kuziqinisekisa Utyikityo zalowo ufuna ukuqinisekisa uxwebhu ukuba uluphumelele uvavanyo. Ukuba saliwe ngenxa yaso nasiphi na isizathu, olu ngeno luza kwenziwa. Qinisekisa ukuba olu xwebhu luqulethe igama kunye nefani uxanduva lomntu, umhla adyumenti ezizizo ngokoluvo. Ukuba ufumanisa ukuba imali yakho ekhoyo endala izithuthi zamapolisa mvume lokuqhuba kuya kufuneka zizihlawulele ngokwazo ngokupheleleyo, kunye nezohlwayo.

Innovation ekufumaneni incwadi kagqirha

Ekuqaleni kuka May 2014 Russian Ministry of Health waqukumbela ingxoxo wesigqibo idrafti, nto leyo ukuhlaziya uluhlu eqhelekileyo iimeko zonyango umda umntu ekufumaneni-mvume lokuqhuba. LoMphathiswa umi ukuba kuyimfuneko ukuphakamisa izithintelo ngenxa ndidi zilandelayo abemi:

• Abaqhubi ne ubuthulu kunye zizithulu. isiphakamiso esinjalo uchaphazela izintlu "A", "B", "C" (ibhadi, izithuthuthu kunye neemoto abakhweli). Noko ke, lemithetho kufuneka ibe abaqhubi amanqindi silubaleke iilori, iibhasi abakhweli, bolshegruzov.
• ilayisensi yokuqhuba ngowe-2014 baya kuba nako ukufumana abantu colorblind. Ukususela ngoku, ezi umbala ngaphandle ukusuka kuluhlu nezithintelo uxilongo lwezonyango. Noko ke, ukuba igcinwe ukuvimbela ngemoto abantu abaye kokufunyaniswa "monochromacy" - ilahleko elipheleleyo umbala.
• Unobangela isondo iimoto zabo ngoku ungathatha ngabemi neglaucoma, isifuba, isifo sentliziyo, lens iisoyi kunye nenani nezinye izinto ezimbi kunye.

Ngoko ke namhlanje bangenele uviwo lonyango kubantu ethile kuya kuba lula kakhulu. Kodwa Ministry of Health waqinisekisa ukuba iimfuno abaqhubi zobungcali kuhlala injalo.

Qaphela ukuba olu luhlu ayikho lokugqibela evunyiweyo, ngokuxhomekeke iinguqu kunye nezongezelelo. Kodwa ke iimfuno zoviwo ziya kuvuswa ngokunxulumene kubantu abangengabo nako ukuyilawula imoto ngenxa yokuba ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Oogqirha bakholelwa ukuba oku zisancumisa kuya kukunceda ukuba uphephe iingozi endleleni.

Hlala iimfuno ingatshintshanga abantu abakhubazekileyo - baya kukwazi Kwathi axilongwe kwaye afumane ufikelelo ukulawula auto kuphela apho emotweni yabo baza kuxhotyiswa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo (ibhokisi "umatshini" okanye ulawulo ngokupheleleyo manual).

Ukungaphumeleli endaweni ilungelo - bahlawuliswe iseti

Khumbula, ungenza kuhlawuliswa kuphela ulawulo iimoto kunye namalungelo aphelelwe lixesha! Ukuba ngeli xesha na anibagxothanga - isohlwayo uya kulandela. akazange Ukuba unayo nayiphi na amalungelo xa ndamisa UMhloli State - ungenza unokohlwaywa omhle engange-5 ukuya kwi-15 amawaka .. Kucingwa ukuba ityala eli likhulu.

Kodwa mvume izohlwayo endlela yokuqhuba, okuhambelana imodeli endala, kwaye indawo entsha, hayi enikiweyo. Phantsi komthetho ngoku, imithetho emitsha kuza ukusebenza ukususela ngo-Apreli-1, 2014. Kodwa abaqhubi akukudala ebesilindelwe, akuthethi ukutshintsha kuzo. Ezitshintshwayo kuya kwenzeka kuphela emva kwexesha elibekiweyo okanye isinyathelo yomqhubi. Ngoko ke, lo isohlwayo uya kuba nelungelo. Ukuba uzama ukwenza ndivelelayo, cela ufake ingxelo kunye nezizathu, yaye ngenkalipho uye enkundleni.

amalungelo ezintsha

amapolisa Traffic entwasahlobo kwalo nyaka, babhengeza ukudalwa mvume umqhubi elitsha. Ukususela ngoku, ziyazithobela ngokupheleleyo iimfuno zokhuseleko yamazwe ngamazwe, nto leyo ichazwe ngokucacileyo kwi yaseVienna Convention on Road Traffic of 1968 Iingcali ukuqinisekisa ukuba uphuhliso uxwebhu olutsha sample kwiinkalo ezininzi elidityaniswe has a ukungafani amaxwebhu ezindala esi senzo ngokusemthethweni. Le nto iye yabangela iingxaki ezininzi abaqhubi beemoto, abahlala kwamanye amazwe. Ngoku ingxaki iye ezincinane kakhulu. Ke kaloku ilungelo ukubonisa igama lakho IsiNgesi, kodwa iingcali bacebisa ukuba xa utyelela ilizwe elithile ukwenza inguqulelo yokoqobo lolu xwebhu.

Nangona imincili phakathi abanini wemoto wabalekiselwa amapolisa ezendlela, utshintsho ezikhethekileyo uxwebhu ayikhange, kuba ingxaki enkulu ekugqibeni ukutshintsha indlela mvume lokuqhuba asivelanga. Lo mahluko sinxulumene kuphela kuluhlu ukwandiswa sub-nezigaba elawula kufunekayo isithuthi ukuze zilawulwe kuphela namalungelo. Ngoku kukho 16!

isampuli ilayisensi yokuqhuba yeyona ikhadi elaminethiweyo equlathe abasebenzi abathile kumphezulu wazo. Icala reverse iqulathe ulwazi kwiindidi kunye ithuba ukufaneleka. Kodwa umsebenzi karhulumente-mvume umqhubi iye yahlala injalo ngaphakathi yaye yaba 800 engange.

Ukuhlaziywa, ethe wafunyaniswa bonke ukuva, ngelishwa, akukho thayimthebhile ecacileyo - kwaba kuphela nethemba. Kwaye akucaci xa iza kuqalisa azinakusetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo.

iindidi ezintsha

Umehluko omkhulu phakathi amaxwebhu amatsha asuka abe subcategories mesh endala ezifakwe. Ngokwahlukileyo kwi iinketho njengesiqhelo, ugubungela phantse zonke iintlobo zothutho:

• "A" 1 - izithuthuthu ogama ukubana injini 125 cc. cm.
• 'B' 1 - tricycles kunye ATVs.
• "C" 1 - iimoto kunye ubunzima eyamkelekileyo ukusuka kwiitoni 3.5 ukuya 7.5.
• «D» 1 - isithuthi ezithutha kukweli Banga apho isixa iindawo ukusuka 8 ukuya 16.
• "M" - ngezithuthuthu kunye ngezithuthuthu. Ezifana amalungelo intando ngebephumelela, ukususela kwiminyaka eli-16.

Enye into entsha kukukwazi ukufunda ukuqhuba iimoto kunye transmission oluzenzekelayo. A uphawu oluthile "AT" kubonisa ukuba umntu asebenzise umatshini kuphela kunye transmission oluzenzekelayo, oko abanalo ilungelo ukuqhuba mechanical "ihashe intsimbi".

iingcali Traffic wakwenza kwacaca ukuba abantu abaye wavula isigaba esikhulu, unako ukulawula zonke izithuthi ezidweliswe kwi iindidi ezifanelekileyo. Noko ke, xa umntu ikhona "ukunyamezelana" kuphela kwindawo yesibini, ukuba ulahlekelwa ilungelo ukulawula iindlela eziphambili zothutho eboniswe kumgca lubalaseleyo. Oko kukuthi, utshintsho ukusuka emotweni kwi moped wokwenene kakhulu, kodwa "ukhwele" engibaziyo emva kokuba ATV nje akunakwenzeka ngaphandle neemviwo kudidi efanelekileyo.

amanqaku ezizodwa kwakhona kuphindwa kwi phambi xwebhu. mvume lokuqhuba elitsha yokuqhuba ngowe-2014 abayi kufuna umqhubi ukuphumelela kokufaneleka leemviwo kuphela ukuba awuyitshintshanga kudidi evulekileyo.

amalungelo jikelele

Innovations iguqukile nohlobo mvume okuqhuba ngamazwe. Yinto i tape iphepha elide kangaka, edwelisa yonke idatha eboniswe amalungelo akho ngeelwimi ezahlukeneyo. Kukho iindidi ezintsha kunye namanqaku ahambelanayo. imida echaziweyo kwi iimoto abalawuli transmission oluzenzekelayo. Umzekelo, ukuba udidi "B" eqhelekileyo ngoku iza kwenziwa nombhalo - transmission oluzenzekelayo kuphela.

izinto zobomi

Ngaphandle kokuba umthetho usebenza, kwaye kufuneka babe nelungelo imodeli entsha kwi sub-iindidi ezintsha zaziswa, iinkqubo zeemviwo enjalo amapolisa ezendlela musa kodwa ayikho. Kubonakala ukuba ukuzigqithisa kwi udidi "M" yaye "AT" kuyingxaki ngokwaneleyo, bathi ngakumbi ngqo, akunakwenzeka. Ngoko ke ufumana amalungelo amanqaku amatsha nje! Ukuphakama isizini ngezithuthuthu Bikes esinamavili weza, kunye nabantu abatsha okanye abahlali abadala wahlala phezu amalungelo abo nje akuthethi kuwuthabatha. Yenzeka njani le nto? Abahloli bathi ngelixa ezi abaqhubi subcategories musa unelungelo, abayi abohlwaye ngenhlawulo endleleni. Kodwa ke abantu naluphi udidi evulekileyo ukuba ukukhwela betye enamavili amabini mhlawumbi ngaphandle kwanokucinga ukutshintsha indlela mvume lokuqhuba.

Akukho imithetho elawula uqeqesho olunjalo kumaziko ezizodwa. izikolo zokuqhuba nje kuba parks imoto ekunene nezithuthi enamavili amabini, kodwa kwiinkqubo zoqeqesho ezivunyiweyo. Ngenxa yoko, iimviwo ezinjalo ayinakwenzeka amapolisa endlela.

Njengoko Ministry of Justice wathi, oko kuya kuthathwa inkqubo entsha ngokupheleleyo yoqeqesho ecwangcisiweyo ukwenza kube nzulu. Umzekelo, udidi "B" ikhondo ithiyori iya kuba ngamaxesha 106, yaye 138. Driving liya kunika ingqwalasela eyodwa: iiyure ezingama-50 endaweni 56. Kwixesha elizayo sihlelwe ukuba yongezwe izinto kuphela yobungcali ukunceda ukufumana umsebenzi lomqhubi isikolo lokuqhuba lugqityiwe. Kuba didi "M" iya kubanjwa ikhosi yoqeqesho ukwenzela impahla nokuqiniseka, nangenxa "B" - izisekelo asebenza inkonzo iteksi. Ukongeza, ukuba uceba ukwandisa kakhulu iimfuno lungiselelo pads lokuqhuba.

Kunzima ukuqonda, kuya kuqinisekisa ukuba udidi olutsha ezithandwayo phakathi abemi, yaye xa uhlaziyo lugqityiwe. Okwangoku, unako 'kukhwela "kunye namalungelo ezindala-isimbo (ukuba, kakade, hayi eziphelelwe lixesha). Kaloku, ukuba isigqibo, umzekelo, kunye izihlalo imoto oluzenzekelayo kwi "ubucukubhede" - kufuneka baphumelele iimviwo yokufaneleka umamele kwikhosi theoretical component.

isishwankathelo

iinguqulelo ezintsha, uqeqesho oluphuculweyo ezikolweni yokuqhuba, amalungelo kunye namathuba - konke oku ngokuqinisekileyo okulungileyo theory. Kodwa kunzima kakhulu ukuqikelela, akusayi kubakho ingumqobo ezi ezintsha umntu eziqhelekileyo esitratweni, ukutshintsha indlela imeko iindlela ngokubanzi. Ngapha koko, xa ilizwe lethu ilungelo akusosiqinisekiso izakhono kakhulu yokuqhuba wabaqhubi. Kodwa ke, sinethemba okuhle. Kwaye ukufumana iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba elitsha likaThixo, ifoto apho ubona kweli nqaku. Ukongeza, njengoko abakhonzi karhulumente umthetho, inkqubo nje ilula kangangoko kunokwenzeka yaye musa kuthatha ixesha elininzi. Wena ukukrazule package epheleleyo yamaxwebhu yaye ingaphelanga iveki okanye umnini imithetho emitsha.