Indlela ukhule broccoli egadini: imigaqo esisiseko bokuqonda

Broccoli - a zenyathi cauliflower ukusuka usapho ikhaphetshu, kokwabo izityalo endala imifuno. Nkqu eRoma yamandulo malunga namawaka amabini eminyaka eyadlulayo wayesazi ukuba akhule ngayo broccoli. Ukusuka kule state esi siphendu ku Byzantium, wandula ukubonakala kwamanye amazwe. Ngoku lisetyenziswa imifuno ehlabathini. begadi abaninzi ungathanda ukufumana impendulo yombuzo ukuba lukhule njani broccoli kwi imifuno.

incazelo

Broccoli - isityalo yonyaka, kunye nobude stem ka 60-90 cm yemifuno isivuno eliphezulu ukunika intloko yayo ngakumbi kwakheka kwi waseSibhema lateral .. Imilo intloko isityalo esifana cauliflower, kodwa inflorescences ngaphantsi ashinyeneyo, kunye namagqabi abe phezu yenyuka.

iintlobo broccoli

Kukho ngaphezu 200 neentlobo ngalo mfuno. Elaziwa kakhulu ezibini: Calabrese kunye hlaza, okanye Italian. ibanga lokuqala common kakhulu. Iintlobo broccoli abe esiqwini obukhulu kanye yintloko yokudubula nzima ashinyeneyo.

Kule imifuno ibanga lesibini ekwenzeni nobuninzi neziqu, apho iintloko ezincinane. Ngeziqu esi sityalo kwakhona ezidliwayo, yaye incasa yawo kusikhumbuza hlaza.

Ukongeza, kukho ezinye iintlobo ngeentlobo broccoli.

Ekuqaleni-nokukhulisa kwiintlobo

Ezi ndidi ziquka:

• NoMlawuli F1. Ebonakala izivuno eziphezulu. Kupolopodobnye intloko, ubungakanani enkulu, kuba nodonga egudileyo.
• Vitamin. Iintloko yalo ezahlukeneyo into eluhlaza, babe umlinganiselo ezinoxinano kunye nobukhulu.
• Vyarus. Iziqhamo ezahlukeneyo iintloko ezincinane neempawu ezintle, amagqabi ezingwevu-eziluhlaza zenza kwiqamza iplagi tye.
• Corvette F1. Kuye amagqabi olomeleleyo, nentloko enkulu engqindilili umbala ezingwevu-oluhlaza, Musa ukuboyika iimeko zemozulu embi. Ngaba uyakwazi yifake oluninzi inflorescences icala.
• Comanche. iintlobo elungileyo kakhulu, esezansi kamva ngaphezu kwezinye iintlobo ezingezizo ukoyika amaqondo aphezulu nezisezantsi.
• Laser F1. Luphawulwa nokwanda olukhawulezayo, intloko umbala oluhlaza mnyama, ashinyeneyo.
• Summe King. iintlobo Excellent, ezifanelekileyo okhulayo kade, ukumelana kakuhle ubushushu.
• Ithoni. It uneempawu incasa ebalaseleyo.
• Inani F1. Iintloko ezi ubukhulu medium of, kufanelekile ukuba sikhule phantsi kweemeko zemozulu ezinzima.

Mid-grade

Kolu didi, elasekwa kakuhle alandelayo iintlobo broccoli:

• Atlantic. It has a esiqwini ende, nerozi enamandla ngamagqabi, nentloko enkulu.
• Balboa F1. Ngokuba lo mahluko iphawulwa intloko ukukhanya elikhulu, incasa elungileyo.
• Genoa. Ifanele lokutyala densified iyahluka intloko angqukuva kunye yayisel 'ityatyambile encinane.

• Greenbelt. It has a ubungakanani enkulu nentloko ashinyeneyo.
• Green ezithandwa F1. Le eliphezulu kakhulu evelisa ezahlukeneyo.
• UKesare. Intloko enkulu kwaye ashinyeneyo uluhlaza kunye ithinti purple.
• Arcadia. Sinentloko engwevu-eluhlaza enkulu, ngokugqibeleleyo kuzisa ubushushu kupholile, uqhagamshelwano lwetshiphu emsebenzi-ukuyekelela.

kade-lokuvuthwa imihlobo

Ezi ntlobo ziqhelekile isiXhosa. Eyona Kuyaphawuleka kolu didi iintlobo zilandelayo:

• ivanishi F1. Plant kunye nentloko enkulu kunye incasa ubuncwane kunene.
• Marathon F1. Intloko yobukhulu enkulu eluhlaza, ukuvakala ezahlukeneyo ezithambileyo kunye incasa elungileyo.
• Continental. It has a intloko eluhlaza yobukhulu enkulu sofele. incasa Excellent.

izakhiwo eziluncedo

Ngenxa yayo iimpawu luncedo zekhaphetshu broccoli kunempembelelo impiliso emzimbeni womntu. Ukusetyenziswa kwale ngemifuno ukutya kunceda ekupheliseni ubuthi zesinyithi enzima, kwaye kananjalo inqande cholesterol, kuthintela, imphathe yegazi, izifo zeenkqubo sentliziyo kunye luvo, izifo zesisu. Zonke iipropati ezizodwa izityalo Ungathatha ingqalelo ukwazi ukuba lukhule njani broccoli kweli lizwe.

Broccoli - yinto antioxidant elihle ukuze atshabalalise onco-iiseli. Kwakhona ifakiwe ezityiwa olu hlobo ikhaphetshu, onako ukuvelisa serotonin emzimbeni, uya kuqaphela ukuba ukwanda nemfezeko ezibalulekileyo lwesenzi.
Ukutya broccoli kunempembelelo entle acuity nokubona, kwakunye luncedo kubantu abanezifo ezifana cataract, ngenxa ifuthe kakuhle kwi lens retina esweni.

izinto zexabiso iivithamini ndikho ikhaphetshu, eziyingenelo ndlala ndlala, intliziyo, isibindi, duodenum.
Ezinjalo iimpawu luncedo kule emifuno kuye kwakhokelela ekubeni abantu abaninzi bacinge ukuba bakhule ngendlela broccoli kwi imifuno.

isakhiwo

Le brassica usapho yemifuno ali-90% ekhulwini amanzi. Ukongeza, kumafa yayo iqulethe protein, ifayibha, nenqatha, carotene, kunye neevithamini K, PP, U, nevithamini C.

Broccoli utyebile izimbiwa kunye - zinc, nemagnesium, calcium, iphosphate, potassium nesinyithi. Njengamanye amalungu entsapho ikhaphetshu, le emifuno kukuba kumafa yayo selenium.

Nokuba ngaphandle kokubala zonke izinto ezakha broccoli, kunokwenziwa isigqibo izibonelelo zalo elikhulu emzimbeni womntu.

Khulisa ikhaphetshu ayikho nzima, zingamandla noba njengomlimi abo basandula kuqalisa.

nokulungiselela imbewu

Phambi kokuba ezikhula imbewu broccoli, kufuneka ilungiswe, zinokulungiswa ngayo, eshiya i sikhulu kakhulu ngokupheleleyo.

Ngaphambi ayihlwayelayo umntu, kufuneka yothani emanzini ashushu ubuncinane imizuzu eli-15. Emva koko imbewu zibekwe ngenxa umzuzu omnye emanzini abandayo, emva koko zifakwe iiyure ezisibhozo nesisombululo boric acid, potassium permanganate. nokubandakanywa efanelekileyo uthuthu, apho kufuneka kufuma iiyure ezi-5. Emva koko, le mbewu ahlambe kwaye ibekwe kwisiqandisi. Emva kwale unyango, kufuneka ukuba babe owomileyo, kwaye ungakwazi kuhlwayela.

Indlela yokutyala broccoli?

Broccoli akunjalo befuna kwiimeko ezikhulayo, ezifana cauliflower. Ukongeza, ukuqina kwayo ezinambuzane kunye nezifo iphezulu kakhulu. Kodwa isivuno eliphezulu zingafumaneka xa kuphela olinyiweyo ngokucokisekileyo yaye unzulu.

Isithombo ukulima ungakwazi ukuqala ukuzibandakanya phakathi ku-entlakohlaza. Ngaphambi ukuba zikhule njani broccoli, kuyimfuneko ukulungisa umhlaba. Ezinyangiweyo Umhlaba non-asidi oluhambelana kakuhle zekhaphetshu. Ukwenzela ukunciphisa ubumuncu bomhlaba, ngokwenza ngetshokhwe okanye ikalika. Le bhokisi yeplanga igcwele walungisa emhlabeni, ezinamathambeka ubunjwe. Ke imbewu zekhaphetshu. Emva kweeveki ezintlanu okanye ezintandathu, izithole Etyelwe ekhanyayo. Ukususela isityalo photophilous, kufuneka ukhethe iindawo na umbala.

Phambi izithole etyalwe kumhlaba ilungiswe amaqula, umgama phakathi kwabo kufuneka ube malunga-40 cm, la aseleyo phakathi kwemiqolo ezimalunga nesiqingatha semitha. Amaqula zaye ubunamanzi waza watyala izithole kubo, izele umhlaba ndilula ubunjwe. Pre isongeza amaqula nezichumiso ash bezimbiwa. Emva kokugqiba zonke ezi amanyathelo alula, uya kufumana isivuno omkhulu broccoli.

Indlela yokutyala izithole ngqo egadini? Qala ukhule ikhaphetshu izithole ngale ndlela banokuba Epreli, nokufihla umboniso wakhe. Izithole ningoyiki zekhaphetshu ebandayo, ngoko yona uya kuziva ekhululekile kwaye esitratweni. Ngaphezu koko, emva kokuba isityalo tempering iphila ngcono ukuba ukufakela ngaphantsi bangenwe izifo.

Indlela yokutyala broccoli nonseedlings ndlela? Zihlwayeleleni, ikhaphetshu emhlabeni kangangoko kunokwenzeka yaye ngoMeyi noJuni kwindawo esisigxina. Ukuze wenze oku, yenza zinemingxuma, walala apho imbewu embalwa, waseza. Xa imbewu isiqhuma, izithole aseleyo ngcono. Ukuvuna kule ndlela kwenzeka ngo-Agasti nangoSeptemba.

Ngaphambi sikhula njani broccoli egadini, kufuneka ukhumbule kukuba embi ababengaphambi kwakhe nguye ikhaphetshu, theniphu, radish. It ingatyalwa endaweni kwezidumba, iitapile okanye iminqathe.

begadi abaninzi ucinga ukuba bakhule ngendlela broccoli eSiberia, benza impazamo enkulu - ukhetho ephosakeleyo kwiintlobo kulo mmandla. Ngokomzekelo, xa ukhetha i intloko emva-grade ibhuqiwe kuphela xa ifika kubanda kunye kuneqabaka aqale. ESiberia, kubalulekile ukuba ulime iintlobo ze broccoli kwindawo zokugcina shushu. Ngoko nesityalo phakathi-ekwindla kuya kuba intloko olomeleleyo yobukhulu enkulu.

ukunakekela

Ukuze ufumane isivuno esihle kufuneka kuyazi indlela yokutyala broccoli nendlela ukuba awugcine. Broccoli kufuneka ukunkcenkceshelwa rhoqo kunye nokuhlakula. Xa imozulu ishushu kakhulu kuyimfuneko ukutshiza ngamanzi. Ukongeza, le yokunxiba ikhaphetshu eziyimfuneko uyakhula. Kuba okokuqala oko kwenziwa kwiintsuku ezili-10 emva kokutyala mullein bungxengwe urea. isichumiso alandelayo emva kokuqala iseti iziqhamo. Isetyenziswa le nitrate. Ifidi ekhethwayo walungisa isichumiso, nto leyo ke ezithengwe evenkileni. Ukuze esineengcambu izityalo ioksijini ngokwaneleyo, kufuneka ukhulule ingubo umhlaba rhoqo.

Izifo nezinambuzane

Betha i izithole zekhaphetshu angase Ithemba. Ukuze uphephe oku, akukho mfuneko ukuba ndilutyale endaweni theniphu, radish, isithombo kunye nezinye iindidi zekhaphetshu.

Alwe imigca kunokunceda amakhoba amaqanda luyacolwa nakhandiweyo, ufuna kutshizwe ezinye izityalo.

Uyakwazi lahla imibungu ngokulima mpunzi apho broccoli mvila. Ivumba ezi zityalo musa akubanyamezeli izinambuzane.

Ukukhusela ikhaphetshu evela amabhungane crucifer intakumba, sebenzisa uthuthu, ipepile, icuba. Kodwa entwasahlobo eshushu neyomileyo, ukuba asiphumeleli kulo mzekelo kusoloko kuyimfuneko ukufihla izityalo logama nje azifumane ngakumbi.

ukuvuna nini?

Ukuvuna kwenzeka ngokwamanqanaba eziliqela. Okokuqala, ndinqumle emantloko central abunjwe ngokupheleleyo, kodwa zivalwa ibiselityatyambile.

Xa imozulu ishushu kakhulu, kufuneka uqokelele zonke iintsuku ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu, njengoko iqondo lobushushu eliphezulu kukhokelela ukukhula kunye neentyatyambo lokuvula. Ukuba imozulu enamafu emanzi, uyakwazi ukuqokelela ikhaphetshu abafane - kanye yonke imihla 7-10.

Xa ndiwanqumle yokudubula engundoqo, osecaleni uqale ukukhula ngokukhawuleza. Cheba intswelo yabo okwesibini.

Qokelela khaphetshu kusasa de yabuna kwi ingqatsini yelanga. Crop zikhiwa ekuqaleni kwehlobo, asinto ifanele ukuba zokugcina ixesha elide, ngoko ke khaphetshu kufuneka udle kwangoko okanye ngumkhenkce.

Broccoli, bahlangana ngo-Oktobha, zigcinwe kwigumbi elingaphantsi okanye efrijini iinyanga ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu. Ukongeza, xa isivuno yenye ingongoma ebalulekileyo: izityalo neengcambu kufuneka kusala egadini inyanga. Siyakwazi amele ebandayo izityalo, nokuba kude emhlabeni, yokudubula zavyazhutsya, ngokubonelela elinye isivuno emva kwexesha.

Ukukhulisa imbewu

Ukuze ukuqokelela imbewu, kuyimfuneko ukuba ushiye yokudubula enye enkulu. Kuba izityalo kufuneka uthathe unonophelo, SPUD kwaye uyibophe kuzinzo.

Xa imidumba ziye omthubi kunye imbewu ziye zaba mnyama, uyakwazi ndinqumle amasende. Oku kudla eyenzeka ngoSeptemba.

indawo yokubeka

Gcina broccoli kwi efihlakeleyo, ngaphandle waphula amagqabi engaphandle. Xa engekho zemifuno efihlakeleyo kunokugcinwa efrijini ithuba elide, mazifakwe engxoweni yeplastiki evulekileyo. ikhaphetshu owayevunyelwe akufuneki, oko ayaba nasongo kunye nezibonelelo.

Le emifuno ke bafune kulinywa kunye nogcino, kodwa izisa iingenelo ezininzi emzimbeni wethu. Ngoko ke, ukwazi ukuba lukhule njani broccoli egadini, kuya kufuneka ukuba abo banqwenela ukuba akhule kuyo iimfuno zabo.