Ikhaphetshu "isipho": ncomo, iinkcazelo, iimpawu, iifoto

Ikhaphetshu ukulima labantu abathatha inxaxheba kwi Stone Age, nto ingqinwa kukugrumba ukusuka kwindawo yokupaka. ithandwa enkulu nentlonelo jikelele le semifuno yokuqala eGrisi yamandulo, owavela Iberia yamandulo, yaye kamva eRoma.

Malunga zekhaphetshu neembongi wamandulo wathi imihobe, izifundiswa azibhala azinikele iipropati yawo impiliso. Yemihla Kievan Rus ikhaphetshu eyafakwa kwimibhalo ngenkulungwane ye-11, apho kucetyiswa ukuba ikhule nidle.

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ikhaphetshu ethandwa kakhulu kwinani lwesityalo kunye nokusetyenziswa yemifuno ehlabathini.

ikhaphetshu imihlobo

Ikhaphetshu yahlukile kwindawo yayo:

• Ekuqaleni zivuthiwe, sivuthwa leyo Kuthatha iintsuku ezingama-30. It has eziliqela amagqabi "evakalala" yaye igcinwe elide kakhulu.
• Medium iintlobo ekuqaleni liyakhula iintsuku 75, ifanele salads, zigcinwe ixesha elide.
• Mid-grade oqolileyo ngeentsuku 85-130, ifanele salads kunye pickling, ukuze zisetyenziswe ngokukhawuleza. Egcinwe ukuya kwiinyanga ezi-5. Umzekelo, ikhaphetshu i "isipho", ukubuyekeza apho eyona ezintle, uvelisa izivuno eziphezulu, kukho incasa ezimnandi kunye Obusemagqabini ubunjani imveliso. Cottagers akhule kuyo, hayi nje kuphela ngenxa ngokusebenzisa kwakhe; kodwa ezithengiswayo.
• Kade-esivuthiweyo kwiintlobo iintsuku 160-180 kwaye zilufanele zokugcina zombini ifom entsha zifakwa.

iintlobo ngamnye eziluncedo zayo kwaye isethi yaso 'luncedo'. Ngoko ke, ekuqaleni akusasilungelanga salads nomlilo, kunye Mid-ezifana sekhaphetshu "isipho" (reviews "iingcali ikhaphetshu" qinisekisa oku), ngokugqibeleleyo nokugcina izinto itshizi, yaye ngendlela enongwe.

Kuxhomekeka ehlotyeni ubude uyakwazi ukukhetha kwibakala khaphetshu eyona uxhamle kunye namaqebengwana close kunye amadombolo emnandi.

Iintlobo i "isipho"

Enye iintlobo ezininzi ethandwa phakathi beelori yi ikhaphetshu "isipho". Inkcazelo, ukubuyekeza bathi uthando lwakhe ayikho ngaphandle kwesizathu. Le iintlobo has isivuno eliphezulu - ukuya ku-10 kg nganye-1 m ^2. Ngaphezu koko, ikhaphetshu eyenzelwe ukungena ngqo emhlabeni evulekileyo, ukuze ukumelana ngokwaneleyo kwiimpembelelo yangaphandle, ingakumbi utshintsho obushushu.

Kuba eliphakathi-ikhaphetshu ebalulekileyo transfer elungileyo ubushushu, ngokuba ezi iintlobo kuwa ehlotyeni nasekwindla lokuvuna, xa amaqondo obushushu liphezulu ngokwaneleyo. sekhaphetshu vuna abe ubunzima avareji ye-3 kg, ngeenxa zonke ashinyeneyo okanye imilo tyaba, ukuba ukuthuthwa kakuhle zokuba imigama emide, nto ingqinwa ncomo zekhaphetshu "isipho". Ngenxa eliphezulu zorhwebo isivuno eliphezulu luthe lwahluma nje kuphela begadi engahlawulwayo, kodwa amashishini ezolimo.

Enye inkalo luncedo, ngakumbi ukugcinwa lwexesha elide, le ukumelana ng. Ukuqwalasela zonke, kale "isipho" ngaphezulu (review zichanekile) yi lundwendwe ethandwa kwiindawo zokuhlala ezisezidolophini kunye ezishelfini oovimba zemifuno. Le ziintsapho iindwendwe ezaziwayo-kakuhle, abo bathanda ukwenza sauerkraut ezimnandi.

Ukukhulisa thombo

Ukuze ikhaphetshu "isipho" (begadi ncomo kucetyiswa ngamandla) wanika isivuno esihle, izithole kufuneka alinywe ekhaya sele ngemihla yokuqala ka-Aprili.

izithole Ukuze ufumane esempilweni kwaye lizinzile kufuneka alungiselele umxube umhlaba we-20% wamatye, 75% umgquba, 5% emlanjeni isanti. mass kakuhle mixed kuyimfuneko ukugcwalisa isikhongozeli ngenxa yokutyala iintsuku ezimbalwa phambi kokutyala ukunkcenkceshela ichiza nokubola.

Umhlaba kufuneka wenze ubunzulu emigodini 1-1.5 cm kumgama-3 cm omnye komnye. Lifake imbewu emhlabeni afefe ngenxalenye. Kwizikhongozeli imboni ifuna eninzi ukukhanya nobushushu, ngoko indawo engcono kubo iya kuba window kwefestile kwicala enelanga.

Iqondo elilelona ukuba imbewu kokuhluma +18 degrees, kodwa emva kuvela ihlume, isikhongozelo kufuneka wafudukela igumbi lobushushu hayi ngaphezulu kwe degrees 15. Ukuba akwenjinjalo, ihlume ngokukhawuleza uye phezulu kwaye ziya kuba buthathaka.

Kuba usebenziso olulula, ungakwazi ukuhlwayela imbewu nangoko ngeziqwenga 2-3 kumacandelo ahlukeneyo okanye neendebe, kwaye njengoko bekhula ezingcakacileyo, ugcine kakhulu. Oku kuya kuthintela isityalo evela kuqala abangaphezu kwemfuneko.

Xa imozulu welifu, Namagatya abaselula ifuna zokukhanyisa ezongeziweyo, nto leyo kuba kukukhanya ngosuku oluqhelekileyo. Ukuba nako ukuyinyamezela loo mini izithole kwi balcony okanye eyadini, kungcono ukwenza nto, kuba ufumana kuphela esomelela ngokomelela ngokomahluko iqondo lobushushu.

Ngaphambi nje kokuba kuhlwayelwe kwi ihlume ekhanyayo "Ngoku" (begadi enongwe ukureyithwa ukuliqinisekisa) kufuneka baye yokuqaqadeka, nto leyo enokwenza kube izithole umoya kubushushu degrees 8, yaye inshorensi ebusuku film. Le nkqubo iza kwenza isityalo womelele uze uvune phezulu.

Ukhetho indawo yokutyala

Mid-ikhaphetshu etyalwe kwindawo evulekileyo ekupheleni kukaMeyi, kodwa kufuneka siyakuvula indlela ukukhetha indawo tye phambi kwayo.

Ukuba imozulu ivumela, yaye ngoAprili waseka imozulu oluzinzileyo efudumeleyo, imbewu ityalwa ngqo emhlabeni ukuvelisa. Okokuqala alungiselele nezikhonkwane zazo, tape nembewu aphoswe mingxuma amancinci amaqhosha 2-3, kanye njengoko bekhula. Phambi kwakukho izithole enamandla, ilizwe ukutyala kufuneka kukugubungela umboniso ngobusuku.

Ukuba zekhaphetshu i "isipho" (inkalo, ncomo kulo bathini ukuba ekunene) izithole etyalwe kwindawo evulekileyo, kufuneka pre-Angazilungisa kwisiza kunye nomhlaba.

Indawo kufuneka ibe enelanga, kude imithi, iingcingo kunye yonke into ukunika umthunzi. Xa isayithi kulungiselelwe zekhaphetshu kuwa, ngoko ke kufuneka ukwemba, ekwenzeni pre-4-5 kg umgquba okanye 2.5-3 kg wamatye.

Izichumisi zisetyenziswa ngokwamanqanaba amabini. Autumn kwangena phosphorus-potassium umhlaba isichumiso, intlakohlaza ephalazwe kungena amaqula zenitrogen nje phambi kokutyala izithole.

Ukutyala ikhaphetshu emhlabeni evulekileyo

Ukutyala ikhaphetshu kufuneka wenziwe phantsi le nkqubo: 40x60 cm - umgama phakathi amahlumelo, kwaye 50-70 cm - phakathi kwemiqolo. Xa intsholongwane ndatyala, umhlaba kufuneka amanzi ngononophelo kwaye kuqukaniswa ngeenxa emngxunyeni. Best ngexesha lokutyala - sezulu enamafu okanye nje emva kwemvula, kodwa unako ukwenza ukuphululwa nangokuhlwa, zisoloko zigqunywe Kuphendula film.

Ukuze ukuba umonakalo izithole zengcambu kufuneka zisuswe izikhongozelo ngononophelo, ekukhethwa ukuba ibe clod emhlabeni. Ukuze komelezwe yomqolo, inokubuyiselwa lifakwe umxube komhlaba kunye mullein ngqo phambi kokutyala kwi emithonjeni.

Ukutyebisa nokunakekela nekhaphetshu

iimeko Kubalulekile ukuba isivuno eliphezulu ikhaphetshu "isipho" ukuba ukunkcenkceshela kanye ukutyebisa. Ehlotyeni owomileyo kufuneka amanzi izihlandlo 1-2 ngeveki neelitha 1.5-2 zamanzi emva Pick, kunye neelitha 3-4 ngexesha ukuyilwa zentloko kunye nokukhula kwayo.

Ukongeza, ikhaphetshu yi "Ngoku" (reviews begadi bayakhunjuzwa rhoqo ngayo) ifuna umhlaba hilling rhoqo. Owokuqala kufuneka kwenziwe kwiiveki 2-3 emva naluviko lwenza izithole, xa amiliswe ngomyinge amagqabi 8-10. hilling Okulandelayo lwenziwa kwenye kwiiveki 2-3 emva yokuqala.

Ukondla - icandelo lesibini isivuno esihle kakhulu. Kunqweneleka ukuba wenziwe ngaxeshanye ngonkcenkceshelo, kwakunye emva kwemvula ixesha elide, nto leyo iphume izondlo ukusuka emhlabeni.

imo isichumiso has nezigaba ezithathu:

• Umphezulu yokuqala iyanxiba uphawu "isipho" kufuneka lwenziwe kuphela emva kweeveki 1.5-2 emva Pick kwi ekhanyayo. Oku kungenziwa exutywe ngamanzi okanye umgquba, urea (15 g emele yamanzi nganye).
• inyathelo elilandelayo ikhutshwa nezichumiso iiveki ezi-3 emva kokuba yokuqala yakhiwa potassium sulfate, sulfate, Ammonium, kunye superphosphate (30h25h25 g).
• A lokunxibela wesithathu top efunekayo xa zekhaphetshu etyalwe kumhlaba sona. Kumafa yayo, oko kunto-nye nje yesibini.

Qhuba amanyathelo alula ezifana nekhaphetshu "isipho" (reviews, iifoto abo kulinywa, kuqinisekiswa) uya kusabela kunye eKočani eyomeleleyo kunye ezinzima.

Izinambuzane nezifo

Izinambuzane eziphambili zezi ikhaphetshu ikhaphetshu fly, iintwala kunye whitefly. Ukususela zekhaphetshu fly, ungagcina amahlumelo abaselula, ngokuzigquma iminatha. Uzokoyikisa mabhabhathane nokuthintela ukuvela iintwala, ikhaphetshu ingatyalwa malunga iitumato okanye eggplants.

Kwakhona olungileyo ubulala izinambuzane zokutshiza amagqabi ikhaphetshu "isipho" KFile nencindi (300 g ngamnye 10 litre yamanzi) kongezwe isepha ya (100 g). Uyacetyiswa ukuba aphumeze ukutshiza ayikho kuphela ikhaphetshu, kodwa iinkcubeko angabamelwane ukuya whitefly aliveli apho.

Ukuba licebo khaphetshu encinane, kunokwenzeka ukuba ukuqokelela imibungu ngesandla.

Storage ikhaphetshu "isipho"

Grade "isipho" phakathi begadi ingqalelo ngokufutshane igcinwe, iinyanga kuphela 5. Kodwa kule xesha kufuneka igcinwe ngendlela eyiyo.

Emva kokuvuna, onke amagqabi asezantsi iintloko zekhaphetshu kufuneka zisuswe, nabathetheli ngokwabo ngocoselelo umoya kwaye owomileyo. Gcina ikhaphetshu bancome ezishelifini okanye kwiibhokisi kubushushu igumbi -1 ukuya +1 degree nokufuma kwe-90%. Ukuba akukho ezishelfini, kumnandi esithubeni, ukuze intloko azisongele umgca lokuloba okanye akuzange kwaye bojinga ngendlela yokuba ningayichukumisi omnye nomnye.

Iipropati Iluncedo zekhaphetshu

Ikhaphetshu "isipho" has a isiqulatho ophezulu ivithamin C, ngoko isetyenziselwa yemveliso yokutya usana. Ngaphezu koko, ukuba zizityebi iityuwa potassium, iphosphate, calcium, isalfure, kwincindi, lactose, kunye neevithamini A, B1, B6, C, K, P kunye vitamin U, onesiphumo antiulcer.

Into ebalulekileyo kukuba khaphetshu ugcina zonke iipropati yalo encedayo nasemva yokugcina elide kunye zokuhamba.