Iingozi ezinkulu eziquka iinkqubo ugesi

Energy - inyama negazi impucuko yanamhlanje. Ukuba akunjalo yakhe, umphefumlo oyekayo. Nditsho ngxaki incinane ngamandla kunokukhokelela kwintlekele, kunye neengozi nokuba enkulu kwiinkqubo kagesi entsha ekupheleni kwehlabathi, nokuba zasekuhlaleni.

ngonyaka wama-2012

Eli xesha, kwaba osisityebi kwiziganeko ezinjalo. NgoNovemba waloo nyaka lalisiba wamkhumbula abahlali eMunich. Ngaba ayisebenzi phantsi komhlaba, iirobhothi, zaye de-amandla phantse kuzo zonke iindawo esixekweni. Izibhedlele ushintshele umbane ngexesha likaxakeka, amaziko data ubunzima ilahleko elingenisa-dollar. isikali le ngozi lokuba amadlelo Munich zaye de-amandla. "Ukudilika" wabonakala igridi inkulu kwiminyaka engama-20.

Kwangaxeshanye, okt ngoNovemba, kwenzeka into efanayo e Buenos Aires. Eyona ecanda iphambili lomzi yonakele. Bonke yaqulunqa ngendlela efanayo; musa ukuya oololiwe komhlaba, iirobhothi bengasebenzi.

US izaqhwithi

Kodwa engenakulibaleka kakhulu wabonakala ngo-Oktobha waloo nyaka, xa US u- "Jabu." ngabantu abangaphezulu kwezigidi ezisibhozo ngaphandle kombane, wamchukumisa kude nokuba Canada. Yaye uqhwithela sosuku "Nosister" leyo kwaqhambuka ekuqaleni November, kwakhona omzimba ngokutsha.

Bambalwa abantu ingqalelo kuyo, kodwa ngoSeptemba 2012 ukutyibilika ingxelo ingozi enkulu kwiinkqubo ngamandla yombane Cuba, eshiya Liberty Island yaba free ngokupheleleyo ... kwi umbane. Kwathatha ngenyanga ecaleni ngokupheleleyo zonke iziphumo.

Kwenzeka into efanayo xa kaSeptemba efanayo Tbilisi. Kodwa kwakukho yonke lula kakhulu, ngenxa yokuba kungekho kukhanya kuphela kwezinye iindawo esixekweni. kubi kakhulu kunokuba kwakunjalo ekuqaleni kuka Agasti e-India, apho wahlala phantse ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle amandla iintsuku eziliqela.

2011

Ukungaphumeleli kwiinkqubo amandla eluncedo sombane ziye zenzeka ngeli xesha? lango-2011, xa ngenxa wawuphela kwabadlali bahlala abantu malunga 10 million ngaphandle umbane nabahlali US kunye Mexico, kwaba ngokwenene "ashushu". Isizathu - kukusebenza esizisebenzelayo kwi izityalo ezinkulu amandla enyukliya US. Kungekudala kwacaca ukuba into lwabasebenzi ityala. Umsebenzi uzalisekisa iinkqubo zolondolozo acwangcisiweyo, kungekhona ngenxa imo edla umzi, zize zivalwe oluzenzekelayo wasebenza.

Ngokubanzi, le ngozi iinkqubo amandla (imizekelo US sele ichaziwe) - i iinketho backup elisemagqabini ekuhloleni ukwanela unikezelo, kunye nokukwazi lweenkonzo impendulo kaxakeka.

NgoFebruwari waloo nyaka e Barnaul wazidiliza imigca amandla eziliqela. Akukho ukukhanya lahamba kancinane kwama-100 amawaka abantu. Ngakumbi nzima ngayo izibhedlele, apho kwakufuneka usebenzise yonke imithombo backup ekhoyo umbane. Akubuzwa iingozi indlela yingozi enjalo iinkqubo ubomi inkxaso ngamandla ombane.

Fukushima

imiqolo ngamnye ifanelwe esi sityalo Japanese amandla enyukliya, amanzi radioactive evela izisele esekhona ngoxolo aqukuqela kungena Pacific Ocean. Esona sizathu siyintloko - yinyikima umlinganiselo amanqaku ezisithoba, wabangela itsunami enamandla. Uye ayiphumelelanga injini neejenereyitha back-up baba ... iinyanga ezintandathu ngaphambi kokuba kususwe kwaye kuthathwe ukulungiswa. Ngenxa yokwanda ngokukhawuleza iqondo lobushushu isiseko NPP lwakhawuleza proplavlen. Iiyunithi izakhiwo ngeli xesha bathontelana hydrogen, apho abakhweli kungekudala weva udubulo ezimbini omkhulu.

Kungekudala kwenzeka ukuba izinto ayegqatse bembuza kuphela. Iingxelo ithe qatha ukususela ku-2008 apho iKomishoni wabongoza IAEA ukuphelisa komgomo ezininzi. Ukususa yonke Abavelisi backup - enza yokungakhathali kunazo, nto leyo ikhokelele izigidi cubic metres yamanzi radioactive kwi-Pacific Ocean bawa. Imiphumo yale ntlekele, ngokutsho iGreenpeace, ubuntu nje akakafiki ndaqonda. Kude kube ngoku, nakummandla ongqonge isityalo samandla senyukliya luyingozi kakhulu abantu.

2010

NgoDisemba waloo nyaka, akukho amandla waba phantse lonke eRio de Janeiro. nje kwenzeka ukuba wean kubangelwe elifutshane enamandla ezintlanganweni esi sixeko engundoqo, nto leyo ebangelwa Ukuvuselela nobunzi- ixazalala. Xa eso sixeko ashiywe ngaphandle kwiindawo ukukhanya eziliqela, akazange ngokupheleleyo ayisebenzi emathunjini omhlaba. Unikezelo amandla wasilela kwakhona emva kweeyure ezimbalwa.

Kwakhona ku Agasti, eSt Petersburg kunye nommandla iLeningrad iindawo eziliqela de-amandla ngenxa iingozi ezenzeka sezitishana ezimbini. Okunye ngqo, ingozi yokuqala senzeke kwenye omnye nje hayi ukumelana umthwalo kwanda, kuba yonke into eyenziwa kwemini emva kwexesha. Xa namadlelo, uloliwe esima, zonke izinto ezibalulekileyo zentlalo ziye lunikezelwa ngokuzenzekelayo unikezelo lombane ezingasafunekiyo. Uye waqaphela ukuba ukusilela kwiinkqubo zamandla ombane (imizekelo ehlabathini singqiniwe ngokuphindaphindiweyo) indlela elula kangangoko ukufumana apho kukho inani elaneleyo idlulela uthungelwano kunye nokudala umthamo.

Uhlaselo abagrogrisi Indonesia

NgoJulayi, i Jakarta Indonesia kushiye ngaphandle kombane ngenxa yesiqalo ezinamandla TPP. Kungenzeka, yaba abagrogrisi. waphoselwa layeka. Mhlawumbi engaziwayo wayeza bungabi umsebenzi moya zalapha, kodwa yokugqibela phambi nje kokuba ingozi ndafumana imithombo amandla yogcino okulungileyo, khon 'ukuze usakube umsebenzi ayizange yenzeke.

Ngo-Epreli, kwakukho iingxelo kwingozi enkulu kwinkqubo ngamandla yombane of Nevinnomyssk GRES. Isiphumo Ngokukhawuleza baphelelwe ngamandla malunga 286,85 megawatts, nto leyo esisizathu sokuba inxalenye enkulu North Caucasus wahlala ngaphandle kombane. Ngokubanzi, yengozi iinkqubo amandla ngengozi hydrodynamic kuphela zihlobene (HPP, TPP), kodwa kwakhona kukhokelela ekubeni iilahleko ezinkulu. Isizathu ilula - mnye mn ezidolophini unako ukuvelisa 10-30 MW ongavelisi ukuya nayiphi sothelekiso imiqulu eneji kwizikhululo ugesi omkhulu.

2009

Phambi kokuba Year New, iidolophu ezininzi Belarusian baba de-akukhuthalele ngokupheleleyo ngenxa nekhephu, kubangele ezininzi imigca ngamandla labo lathathwa nje. Ukuze credit amandla, baye bahlangabezana nale sisibetho kunokuba ngokukhawuleza, ingakumbi njengoko imozulu ngeli xesha uyaphuculwa. into efanayo ngelo xesha kwakukho eUkraine, apho kungekho kukhanya washiya iindawo ezininzi kwiingingqi eyintloko yelizwe.

Emangalisayo, kodwa iinkqubo ngamandla yengozi eRashiya iye iphetshwe. Noko ke, wasemzini kule nto; kuba amandla ethu ukuba ukubonisa kwicala labo kakhulu imihla ngaphandle ukushiya izinto abachaphazelekayo kunye eziguqukayo amawaka seemitha wire kwakhona.

Nokuba kude eFransi ekupheleni kukaDisemba alukhankanywanga ngenxa ukuxubana lokungaphumeleli kwi sezitishana, nto leyo edume Côte d'Azure elaqala ebumnyameni. Kwacaca ukuba isikhululo zisasazwe Tavel nje akwazi ukumelana accelerations omkhulu ezibangelwa nokwanda okukhulu abatyeleli abafuna ukuchitha iKrismesi apha.

NgoNovemba 2009, akavumelanga eRio de Janeiro kunye Sao Paulo. E Brazil, ihlabathi ezilahlekileyo abemi ubuncinane alishumi lamawaka. Kuye kwafunyaniswa ukuba isikhululo samandla ngamanzi "isibini" inkulu wavuka ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle yingozi kakhulu kwigumbi injini le. Noko ke, iiyure emva kuphela 2.5 ukuya Lengxaki ukumelana ngokupheleleyo.

Sayan esibuhlungu

Agasti 17, 2009 - imini abamnyama kwimbali yakutshanje yelizwe lethu. Ke kwakukho yengozi Sayano-Shushenskaya HPP. Ngexesha ukulungisa kwemali ukuqhina watshabalala uxinzelelo lwamanzi enkulu, okubangela ukuba phantse ngokukhawuleza waphuphuma amagumbi computer eziliqela. Ngenxa yengozi iinkqubo amandla kwi Russian Federation ziye ahlenga-hlengiswe kakhulu iimfuno zokhuseleko.

ezisithoba yatshatyalaliswa ngokupheleleyo turbines ezilishumi. Ngenxa yale ngozi, izixeko abaninzi eSiberia iiyure ezimbalwa kungekho kukhanya, efika emsebenzini amashishini amakhulu metallurgical. Kukholelwa ukuba xa wababulala abantu 75 kunye nenye 13 wenzakele kakhulu.

2008

Mhlawumbi kakhulu "ihlwempu" kule ngozi iinkqubo amandla kanye ngo-2008. Nangona khumbula amandla wawuphela kuphela entliziyweni Washington. abantu abamalunga ne-11 amawaka awayesele kungekho kukhanya kulo lonke iirobhothi besixeko ayisebenzi. Ndafumanisa ukuba ngenxa yengozi kwisikhululo lonikezelo weNgingqi mn wahlala ngaphandle amafutha. Kwakungekho abafayo, i-ofisi ezisisiseko zentlalo kunye norhulumente batshintshelwa unikezelo lombane ezingasafunekiyo.

2007

Ngo-Oktobha, kufuphi nonxweme lwesimo Australia Queensland kuqhume njengesiphango omkhulu ukuba ngathi neqwengiweyo kwiikhilomitha ezininzi umbane. Ngaphandle kokukhanya, akukho ngaphantsi kwe-25 amawaka amakhaya. Yintoni enye ngoko ngozi kwiinkqubo amandla yombane ehlabathini?

NgoJulayi waloo nyaka yengozi enkulu kwisitishana e Barcelona kuye kwakhokelela singene ebumnyameni kwimimandla eziliqela of Spain. Ngenxa yezizathu ezingaziwayo, omnye ezintlanganweni central ukudlulisela uxhathiso liye landa ngendlela emangalisayo, kangangokuba kukho umlilo ngokukhawuleza. Kwisixeko ayizange ukusebenza akukho ziko, nkqu izibhedlele basala ngaphandle kombane.

NgoFebruwari, malunga 120 amawaka abantu Tajikistan nabo ukufikelela ukungabikho ngokupheleleyo amandla. Oku kwabangelwa ngengozi kwi mveliso odumileyo wasezintabeni "Pamir-1". Isizathu ngami: ngenxa yokungakhathali amafama bendawo onkcenkceshelo enkulu umsele iguqulwe kancinane ulwalathiso, kunye result ukuba amanzi ngokukhawuleza waphuphuma amagumbi computer eziliqela. Ngethamsanqa, impembelelo ngokukhawuleza basuswe.

NgoJanuwari, wemka phantse akukho kukhanya Bucharest. Imimandla esembindini ziye ngokupheleleyo de-amandla. Kangangeyure ivalelwe sikaloliwe I ingenamntu amawaka abantu bayeka zokuhamba yoluntu. Konke oku kwenzeka ngenxa yokuba kukho ukusilela kwizitishi lonikezelo engundoqo. Ngenxa yale ngozi kwi kwiinkqubo zamandla ombane (imizekelo iimeko ezifanayo sele ocatshulwe) Hungarians waba uphuculo phantse ngokupheleleyo zonke umbane olusisiseko sixeko kunye nelizwe ngokubanzi.

2005

NgoMeyi kulo nyaka, eMoscow, ummandla eMoscow, ummandla Tula kwakunye nezinye iindawo ezininzi wafumana umbane nemigangatho 'olambileyo ". Kwathi ngenxa yengozi esitishini "Chagino". nemiphumela emibi Ingakumbi kule ngozi ziye ngayo umsebenzi kothungelwano lonxibelelwano zasekuhlaleni kwaye phantse zonke eendaba. Asizange ukusebenza iinombolo zefowuni, kuquka iseli, ayikwazanga ukuphatha amaziko data, ababoneleli Internet. Ngenxa yengozi iinkqubo amandla (imizekelo ziye eRashiya) bagxila sele ekugqibeleni iqalile ukuhlawula iindawo ezingasasetyenziswayo kunye neenkqubo ezingasafunekiyo.

Bonke ubunzima abantu ubuncinane kwezigidi ezine. Imetro eMoscow yavalwa ngabantu abangama-20 amawaka, omnye 1.5 amawaka endlini bekwilift. Kukholelwa ukuba umonakalo iyonke ngaphaya engange kwezigidi ezibini.

Ngenxa yoko, le ngozi iinkqubo amandla, imizekelo apho siye sikunike - kakhulu 'ubumnandi' imali eninzi ukuhlawula eso ixesha elininzi kuyimfuneko imali nje kuphela kodwa ubomi babantu.