Iimpawu ngesakhiwo yethishyu epithelial. Abalinganiswa izicwili epithelial

uhlobo ngalunye kwithishyu umntu ezininzi iimpawu isici. Baya kulala iimpawu ngesakhiwo, iseti imisebenzi, imvelaphi, ubume indlela update le. Ukuze abonakalise ezi kwinyama singaba iindlela eziliqela, kodwa ixhaphakileyo izenzo morfofunktcionalnaja azoba kuyo. Loo kucalulo yethishyu ivumela kakhulu ebanzi efanelekileyo ukuchaza uhlobo ngalunye. Kuxhomekeka iimpawu morphological kwaye zisebenza umahluko kulandelayo iintlobo kwithishyu: epithelial (osithelisayo), musculoskeletal kunye izihlunu luvo trophic.

Ingakumbi isakhiwo izihlunu epithelial: morphological jikelele kunye nemiqondiso ezisebenzayo

Oku kubhekisela epithelium zelo qela amalaphu, kusiwa emzimbeni ngokubanzi. Baya ziyahluka imvelaphi, okt ukuphuhlisa ukusuka ectoderm, mesoderm okanye endoderm, kwaye enze imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo.

Uluhlu eziqhelekileyo iimpawu morphological kwaye esebenza uphawu izixwexwe epithelial:

1. iqulathe iiseli ekuthiwa ziiseli epithelial. Phakathi kwazo kukho umsantsa intermembrane ngokungangqalanga apho kungekho kweziyobisi intercellular. Ngoko, ke, uye complex nadmembranny (glycocalyx). Ngawo iiseli zakhe faka impahla, yaye ngaye athatyathwe kwiseli enye.

2. Iiseli ze epithelial izihlunu ezi ashinyeneyo kakhulu, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ukuyilwa lamanqanaba. Ukuba khona ivumela esikule ukwenza imisebenzi yayo. Iindlela weseli omnye inokuba nomahluko: ngokusebenzisa desmosomes, umsantsa okanye abafowunelwa osenyongweni.

3. Coupling kunye epithelial zomzimba, leyo zicwangciswe enye ngezantsi enye ngasentla, yahlula inwebu carcinomas eyenziwa iiprothini kunye carbohydrate. ubukhulu wayo 100 NM - 1 micron. Ngaphakathi epithelia akukho imithambo yegazi, ngoko ke zabo yanikwa diffusely yi inwebu ongaphantsi.

4. Kuba iiseli epithelial luphawulwa wokwephuka morphofunctional. Zezona carcinomas kwipali apical. Isiqalo iiseli epithelial zibekwe kufutshane Basal, yaye phantse zonke kukho icytoplasm kukuba kule apical. Kusenokubakho ezisebenzisanayo isiliya kunye microvilli.

5. izixwexwe Epithelial na ubuchule kakuhle echazwe ezahlukeneyo ukuvuselela. Bona luphawulwa bubukho esiqwini, neseli ngokwahlukeneyo cambium.

iindlela ezahlukeneyo ukuze yokuhlela

Ngokwemiqathango nasekusungulweni iiseli epithelial kuqala phambi ezinye iiseli zeethishu. umsebenzi wabo uphambili ukwahlulwa komzimba ukusuka kokusingqongileyo lwangaphandle. Ngelo langoku ibakala nasekusungulweni inyama epithelial abe imisebenzi emininzi emzimbeni. Ngokutsho kule inkalo, ukwahlula ezi ntlobo amalaphu: integumentary, ofunxayo excretory, kunye nezinye secretory. Ucalulo izicwili epithelial morphologically ingqalelo imilo kunye nenani lamanqanaba epithelial ukwakheka. Ngoko ke, ukubeka tissue abangatshatanga multi-sixhobo sekhombuya epithelial.

Iimpawu single-maleko, epithelia eyodwa

Iimpawu noshowo i izihlunu epithelial, leyo ibizwa ngokuba single-umaleko, ilele into yokuba ichibi siquka umaleko ube mnye iiseli. Xa zonke iiseli luphawulwa ukuyilwa ephakamileyo efanayo uthetha enye-umaleko-kumqolo omnye epithelium. ukuphakama Epithelial ebangela Ukuhlelwa elandelayo, njengoko abonisa ubukho kwi-moya emzimbeni, cubic kunye zezindlu (prismatic)-mqolo enye olunye-umaleko epithelium.

Single-umaleko epithelium carcinomas of kwimimandla lwasekhaya imiphunga kwi ngokuphefumla (alveoli), imibhobho namadlala ezincinane, namasende, phakathi indlebe kwisisu, inwebu serous (mesothelium). Wabumba evela mesoderm.

Okunye kwasendaweni monolayer ezi cuboidal epithelium imibhobho amadlala kunye tubules ze nezintso. Ubude nobubanzi malunga iiseli efanayo, eziba isondezwa yaye imi embindini weseli. Imvelaphi zinokuba nomahluko.

Olu uhlobo olunye-maleko-kumqolo omnye epithelial inyama njenge zezindlu (columnar) epithelium, ibekwe iphecana zesisu, imibhobho kwamadlala, imibhobho ukubuthwa sezintso. Ukuphakama iiseli ngokuphawulekayo mkhulu ububanzi. It has a imvelaphi eyahlukileyo.

Iimpawu elilodwa-umaleko multi-mqolo epithelium ciliated

Ukuba inyama olunye-umaleko epithelial ngalunye umaleko iiseli eziphakamileyo ezahlukeneyo, ngoko sithetha multi-mqolo epithelium ciliated. Le migca zeethishu kumphezulu yomoya kwaye ezinye iindawo uhlelo zokuzala (iphecana ZakwaLizwi kwaye jajtceprovodov) iimpawu noshowo lolwabo epithelial sikuko into yokuba iiseli zayo kweentlobo ezintathu: eyodwa elifutshane, elide ciliated kunye engenamqheba. Bonke bephela akhe umaleko ube mnye, kodwa iiseli eyodwa musa nafika elunxwemeni eliphezulu ichibi. Xa ekhula, bona umahluko nibe ciliated okanye engenamqheba. A feature ubukho iiseli ciliated kwi kwipali apical iqela elikhulu isiliya, iiseli engenamqheba bayakwazi ukuvelisa anodaka.

Ucalulo kunye nesakhiwo epithelium wakubo

iiseli epithelial bangaba ezahlukahukeneyo. Bona zibekwe enye ngezantsi enye ngasentla, ngoko, xa ukudibana ngqo kunye inwebu ongaphantsi ukho kuphela xa imi ngokunzulu kakhulu, umaleko carcinomas iiseli epithelial. Iqulethe iiseli stem kunye cambial. Njengoko umahluko, ngoko ihamba ngaphandle. Umbandela zokuhlelwa na ukumila elizayo iiseli. Ngoko ke ama keratinizing wakubo carcinomas, wakubo carcinomas neorogovevayuschy epithelium kunye inguqu.

Iimpawu wakubo epithelium carcinomas keratinized

Wabumba evela ectoderm. Ukususela kule lolwabo iquka esingaphandle, nto leyo umaleko phezu eluswini, kwaye yesiphelo inxalenye isikali. Iimpawu ze isakhiwo olu hlobo izihlunu epithelial ziyafumaneka zihlanu iiseli: i Basal, spinous, granular, limenyezelayo kunye horny.

Umaleko carcinoma i kumqolo omnye iiseli zezindlu ende. Nakanjani ngokuqinileyo ukuya inwebu elingaphantsi kwaye bayakwazi ukuba ukuzala. Ububanzi maleko spinous uvela imiqolo-4 ukuya kwi-8 iiseli ezinameva. Kule nwebu granular - 2-3 imiqolo iiseli. iiseli Epithelial abe imilo atshabalalisa, core ashinyeneyo. maleko shiny - inani ukufa iiseli 2-3. Kufutshane kumphezulu corneum ezinawo, sakhiwa ezininzi lemiqolo (100) enza iiseli flat efile. Oku isikali horny, apho kukho ngekeratini ngekeratini.

Umsebenzi weli esiqwini kukukhusela ancedisana anzongonzongo umonakalo lwangaphandle.

iimpawu noshowo i wakubo carcinomas epithelium neorogovevayuschy

Wabumba evela ectoderm. Kwiindawo eyendawo zezona inwebu, kwisisu ngomlomo, kuvuleke iminxunya kunye inxalenye esiswini ezinye iintlobo zezilwanyana. It has ngeengcamba ezintathu: Basal, inameva kwaye iflethi. Umaleko carcinoma wadibana khona inwebu ongaphantsi siquka iiseli prismatic yokuba nuclei ezinkulu elimbhoxo ngandlel lutshintshelwe esibondeni apical. Iiseli kwale maleko, ukwabelana, qala phambili up. Ngenxa yoko, bangabi saba wadibana khona inwebu elingaphantsi badlulele nwebu inameva. Oku kwiiseli ezininzi ngokwemilo irregular polygonal, kunye isiqalo elimbhoxo. maleko inameva uba kumphezulu - tyaba inwebu okusuka ka 2-3 iiseli.

epithelium yenguqu

Ucalulo izicwili epithelial libonelela epithelium ekuthiwa yexeshana wabumba ukusuka mesoderm. Eyendawo - isinqe sezintso, ureter kunye isinye. ngeengcamba ezintathu iiseli (Basal, esiphakathi, nokwaleka) zahlukile kakhulu kwisakhiwo. Kuba maleko carcinoma luphawulwa ubukho iiseli cambial elincinane iimilo ezahlukeneyo gangalala ndizayo Uhlobo Lokuqala. Iiseli Umaleko esiPhakathi ukukhanya becala, inani lemiqolo kunokuba ezahlukeneyo. Kuxhomekeka kwindlela umzimba igcwele. Iiseli daka layer abantu abakhulu, ukuba luphawulwa umphakathi ezininzi, okanye polyploidy, zinakho ekuyiyekeni yencindi, nto leyo ethintela ukubunjwa komhlaba adibane eziyingozi kunye nomchamo.

epithelium glandular

epithelial ijwabu achaza ayiphelelanga ngaphandle kwenkcazelo ngesakhiwo umsebenzi epithelium ekuthiwa glandular. Olu hlobo yethishyu zisasazwa emzimbeni, iiseli zawo bayakwazi ukuvelisa izithako ezikhethekileyo - iimfihlelo. Ubukhulu, imilo, isakhiwo iiseli glandular kakhulu ezahlukahlukeneyo, njengoko ubume kunye iimfihlelo lokufunda izifundo ezikhethiweyo.

Le yinkqubo apho ezifihlakeleyo kwakheka uyaqhubeka ezintsonkothileyo ngokwaneleyo kumanqanaba aliqela kwaye kuthiwa umjikelo secretory.

Iimpawu ngesakhiwo yethishyu epithelial owakhiwa ngayo iiseli glandular, ngenxa ngokuyintloko injongo yayo. Ngenxa olu hlobo laphu ibunjiwe imizimba, lo msebenzi ungundoqo oya kuba isizukulwana mfihlakalo. Ezi amalungu ebizwa namadlala.