Iikhaphethi Turkmen: isishwankathelo, iintlobo, imveliso kunye nohlolo

Ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, iikhaphethi, zenziwe ngazandla, ebomini Turkmen yayibaluleke kakhulu. Ezi mveliso ke 'benza "emthandazweni, wanika iindibano komthendeleko usapho, esikhundleni izifuba. iikhaphethi Turkmen zisetyenziselwa usambathisa thermal zemizi, kwakunye nokuba uhombiso zabo.

ubutyebi besizwe

E Turkmenistan, ezi zinto ngokwenene yindyebo yesizwe. iikhaphethi Turkmen na tshama - yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokomoya icandelo eziphathekayo inkcubeko. Iziqalelo asetyenziswe ekwenzeni iikhaphethi, kwaye iyaphindwa neempawu zesizwe. Xa ngokudala yobuciko bobugcisa lizwe inxaxheba kwizenzo efanayo.

iikhaphethi Turkmen - ngumfuziselo umphefumlo, inkcubeko kunye nobugcisa babantu. Kungenxa yokuba isizwe likubona kubaluleke enjalo kwezi mveliso. imethi Isivatho uyakwazi ndingayi kukuxelela kuphela ummandla apho yayiyilwe, kodwa indlela inkosi wavelisa ngokukodwa. Ikhaphethi Uninitiated efanayo isixelela ngamasiko, olube yabantu, kubemi kummandla kunye nohlobo Turkmenistan. Nawuphi ekhaphethini, akukho nto apho kuveliswa, uye "umphefumlo" wayo, "ubuso" wayo yahlukile kwezinye efanayo.

Nanamhlanje, ikhaphethi umgangatho uncedisana uyilo endlwini, onika intuthuzelo. Product Umgangatho uthetha lokuceba yosapho. iipropati zokwambathisa ukuvumela ukuba ugcine kwi ubushushu.

Yenza iikhaphethi kumazwe amaninzi kodwa Turkmenistan wayengomnye ezimbalwa apho shishino iye malivakale ehlabathini lonke. Ikhaphethi Turkmen, amaxabiso kakhulu aphezulu (malunga ne-100 lamawaka. Thambisani.), Kunyuke brand ngamazwe. Abathengi wayeyoliswa kakhulu kwempahla, kwaye kwimiboniso eyahlukeneyo wina amabhaso.

indaba

Kukholelwa ukuba izihombo ikhaphethi ke iiphatheni kwi ubumba yomhla we-4 leminyaka BC. Ekhaphethini omdala, alondolozwe kude kube ngoku, yenziwe BC 5 ekhulwini. e. Izazinzulu ziye kuzinza ekuso pazyrskoy inkcubeko. Ngexesha elizayo, ezi mveliso ziye zithunyelwe kwamanye amazwe, aba bamamkeleyo igama Parthian, eBukhara kunye Persian.

In iikhaphethi yamandulo Turkmen zenziwa ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi ezahlukeneyo kwiimfuno zekhaya. Zazisetyenziswa Iiyurt yokugquma, amalengalenga ucango, iibhegi.

Iikhaphethi yokuqala zazenziwe bezimvu obunyulu, ukuba ihonjiswe ngeepateni zejometri, nto leyo izizwe ezahlukeneyo thile ezahlukeneyo. A kwekhaphethi olungileyo yaba uphawu ubutyebi namandla.

iikhaphethi Turkmen, apho ixabiso ngeyona ndlela iphezulu, kakhulu kunene, kuquka abalawuli. Kamva, ubungqina ebhaliweyo nemfuno iimveliso. I-reference lokuqala olunjalo yomhla we-900-mi. Lo mhloli edumileyo Marco Polo bemnandi iikhaphethi, ukukhankanya ukuba nje ukubhitya nokuhomba ngaphezu kwazo nzima ukufumana.

Ngenkulungwane ye-19 Turkmen iikhaphethi baqalisa kusiwa mboniso eUnited States, eRashiya kunye amazwe aseYurophu. Iingcali zobugcisa owayephila siyabaxabisa aba iisampulu.

Ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, udumo iikhaphethi Turkmen Ohamba ehlabathini, apho bayazazisa unanamhla.

iintlobo

Kumazwe amaninzi, ezi mveliso zaziwa phantsi igama eBukhara. Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yokuba baqale kwandiselwa eBukhara zitrato.

Webs enziwe kwintsimi enkulu ihlalwa Turkmens, ekuthethwe Turkmen iikhaphethi. Le ndawo iqulathe Turkmen, Baloch, Uzbekistan, Afghanistan. Namhlanje, eli qela libandakanya amanqaku Tekke, Tekin, Salor, Yomut kunye nabanye.

• Tekke. Yinto gama livela kwenye kumaqela eentlanga - Tekke. Teke Turkmen kwekhaphethi iphawulwa yinxalenye jikelele - gel, uwahlule ube zahlulo ezine.
• Yomut. Eli qela iikhaphethi yenziwe kwisizwe ngale gama. Eli qela akuvumelekanga iintlobo ngeentlobo iipatheni ngeendlela. Olunye uhlobo - imiqolo idiagonal octagons ezimibalabala. Kwi ecaleni kunye Kwasika esiswini kuboniswe izikhonkwane. Kwi iintlobo wesibini octagons zilungiswe ngokuthe nkqo, ukuba abhalwe izilwanyana kunye iintloko ezimbini.
• Salor. sizwe Salor. Olu hlanga yeyona indala e Turkmenistan. Le style luphawulwa ngokwahlula-hlula medallion lezabelo 4. Amanani izilwanyana kwingingqi nganye medallion.
• Ersari. Njengoko noku, uvelisa qu Ersari. lomzekelo, olu hlanga akadalwanga, ngoko ke medallions kwi iityali zabo musa ukuhlangabezana. isityalo izihombiso inezigaba egosogoso athathwe kwezinye iinkcubeko.

Ukongezelela iimveliso zemveli inokufumaneka apha ngemifanekiso kunye nezifundo ezahlukeneyo. ipiyano nokuthandaza ezikhethekileyo.

izinto

Ikakhulu ngenxa nokuveliswa iikhaphethi usebenzisa ilungileyo impahla emfutshane boboya begusha. Kwenwele ukufumana umbala wayo, ngokufanayo, kubalulekile ukuba imibala efanelekileyo. Maxa wambi kusetyenziswa njengoko isilika isiseko okanye cotton.

eyenza

Amaninzi kusetyenziswa ngeqhina azilingani basePersi, kodwa abanye abantu macala kwiqhina Turkish. Ukusuka kwezinye Imizobo Turkmen iikhaphethi luphawulwa iipateni ngokuphindaphindiweyo Imivumbo isitayile imizobo ngaphambili.

umbala

Ekuvelisweni ezininzi iikhaphethi kusetyenziswa imisonto grupo ezakha imvelaphi. Kuyilo Isivatho encomekayo abamnyama, orenji, eluhlaza kunye nemibala oluhlaza. Ngoncedo imisonto abamnyama ukuba Yimbonakaliso element kwamanzi, kungathi izivatho.

nongo

De kwaba yinkulungwane ye-19, oko kusetyenziswa idayi ngokungqongqo zendalo, kodwa endaweni imichiza zitshiphu kwinkulungwane yokugqibela. Nangona udumo lwawo, oku kwakhokelela kukwehla umgangatho iikhaphethi. Noko ke, inkqubela kwezobuchwepheshe kube lula ukufumana imibala mihla, esondele zendalo. Okwangoku, le ezininzi eziqhele ukusetyenziswa nedayi imichiza.

zobuhlalu

Abahlalutyi bakholelwa ukuba ipatheni emethini kugcina imbali yonke yesizwe. Nawuphi na umsebenzisi inentsingiselo yayo, kwaye gel - isipha zabalinganiswa. Naliphi na iqela eyahlukileyo kwezizwe liphuhlise gel lobunikazi.

iikhaphethi Turkmen usabambelele kule imizila yembali kunye nemisinga zonqulo ezikhoyo kweli lizwe.

Abantu Turkmenistan babandakanyeka nakwikhaphethi leminyaka ngaphezu kwesinye, ezingenakulinganiswa iwise uphawu umlinganiswa lamalungu ayo. Ukuveliswa kwekhaphethi kuthatha ixesha elininzi kufuna eninzi ingqalelo kunye nomonde. Nangona inkangeleko kunokuba anemifanekiso, kufuna yoxinaniso kunye nememori olungileyo yezandla zabo. Iinkokeli zonqulo babezalukela iikhaphethi, ekubeni inkqubo wafundisa umonde kunye ninyukelwa ngumsindo nize umoya, nto leyo eyimfuneko ukuze emva kokufa.

imveliso nganye wadala yi iyalungisa i kwabasebenzi engakholelekiyo. umsebenzi omkhulu nzima ebantwini kunika ilizwe iminyaka segolide. Abaphandi baseMpuma bathi yonke imihla kufuneka amashumi amawaka amaxesha ukubamba xitsunga enzima yentsimbi, neziphumo umyalelo uboya kunye nomsonto. Lo msebenzi uphantsi amandla zonke strongman, kwaye Turkmenistan licandelo yabafazi. Ukongeza ekusebenzeni kwi-iikhaphethi abafazi utyalo ezona zininzi iimvakalelo, amathemba kunye neengcamango. Ukuba ukuguqulela umlinganiselo wamandla echithwe ekusekweni kwikhaphethi kwiyunithi, kuvela ukuba yonke imveliso wadala amakhulu amathathu amandla ihashe. amandla Kuninzi iyafuneka ukuze kukhanyisa naphakathi idolophu iiyure ezisi-8.

reviews

Nangona into yokuba namhlanje, abathengi bazama ukuphepha ukubeka iikhaphethi emakhayeni abo, oko kukuthi Turkmen tshama ikhaphethi luphawu intuthuzelo, ubutyebi kunye incasa elungileyo. Nangona iindleko ikhaphethi, yaye namhlanje babe zilandelayo elikhulu. Aba bantu obathandayo Uyilo engaqhelekanga kunye neemveliso Obusemagqabini ubunjani. Bazimisele ukuba ukuhlawula imali enkulu ngenxa indalo ezizodwa wezandla zabantu. Ngokutsho ncomo, ezi mveliso mihle, intle kwaye ukumelana eliphezulu ukunxiba.