Ifaka Crankshaft: injongo, iintlobo, iimpawu lokuhlola kunye nokutshintshwa

I-injini imbaxa multi-mechanism, umba ngamnye eqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nolingano kweli kwinkqubo yonke. Okwangoku, abanye kudlala indima ebalulekileyo, ngoxa abanye abanawo ixabiso enjalo. Le crankshaft, kwakunye nazo zonke izinto ezinxulumene kuyo, yeyona ndawo ibalulekileyo-injini. Inika ukujikeleza kweevili ngenxa transfer zepetroli-umlilo amandla. Kufaka crankshaft - kukho izinto ezincinane uhlobo wesiqingatha-amakhonkco wenza lukhuni medium of wawutyabeka kunye nentsimbi anti-ukukhuhlana kuqamba. Ngexesha ukusebenza elide emotweni zixhomekeke yokonakala enzima, nto leyo esisizathu sokuba kukho imfuneko yokuthenga kwaye ufake iindawo ezintsha.

incazelo

Ifaka isenzo crankshaft njengoko ngokuwatshibiliza iibheringi ukuba ukujikeleza crankshaft. Le nkqubo lwenzeka ngenxa kwamafutha yokutsha nasemagumbini njengesilinda. ungcolisa Active inamacandelo okubangelwa umthwalo ziphuculwa imo ngesantya esiphezulu, ungabangela motor ngaphandle yokusebenza. Ukunqanda le nokunciphisa iqondo zochuku, zonke izinto abasemthethweni ndinawo micron ixabiso elikhulu lihambisana obhityileyo kakhulu umboniso zeoli. Lo msebenzi eyabelwe inkqubo injini yokuqaba, apho ifilim kwakheka kwi izinto ezikhoyo kuphela xa a xi oyile ophezulu. Mnandi kuphela umaleko kwakhona Zabugubungela ubuso kwamagqabi zoqhagamshelwano kunye wesibeleko le crankshaft. Ngaloo akhiwa lincipha kakhulu amandla frictional.

Types and Ubungakanani

Vaz crankshaft ifaka asebenze izinto zokuzikhusela kunye nokuthintela wear ngaphambi iinxalenye ukukhwela. Kuye indawo yazo, ukuba yahlulwe ngeentlobo ezimbini: intonga ezingundoqo kokuxhuma. Le yokugqibela, njengoko kubonisiwe ngaphambili, akhiwe ke ezintanyeni shaft, zomthonyama ukuya crankshaft kwindawo okudluliselwa ngokusebenzisa injini yokuvutha kwangaphakathi yaye injongo efanayo. Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo kwezixhobo amandla zifuna ukusetyenziswa eziqalelo olungqamelanayo kwi ndawo yokuqala kufuneka kukhethwe ubungakanani diametrical yangaphakathi.

Repair izinto ezahlukeneyo enye kwenye, yaye kufuneka umahluko ebalulekileyo xa kuthelekiswa izakhi ezintsha, ezo baxhotyiswa nezityalo auto entsha. Iparameters abafani ubuncinane ngekota le ndlela, ngokusebenzisa inyathelo efanayo zonke iinguqulelo ezilandelayo.

ukuqashwa

Le crankshaft njalo baboniswa neengxaki eliphezulu emzimbeni thermal ngexesha lokusebenza, kokuxhuma iibheringi intonga ukugcina axis yayo, ukusebenza ikhadi yesingxobo sixhasa kuphela izinto eziboniswe apha ngentla. Indlela yokusebenza ye ezintanyeni ebuhlanti engaphakathi umelwe, ngenxa yoko, izinto ezifakelwa crankshaft are ebonakalayo. Ukuthambisa ajikeleze kwenzeka kubo womnatha oyile umhlathi okhethekileyo apho amanzi aphuma phantsi koxinzelelo oluphezulu. Ngaloo kwabunjwa kuyimfuneko kangaka crankshaft thinnest film.

Kubanga ukuhluleka

umonakalo kwaye banxibe ngexesha ukusebenza - ezi zezona zizathu zixhaphakileyo iinxalenye indawo. Nangona flow rhoqo igrisi kunye nokusebenza motor echanileyo, le nkqubo kunqandwa. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, lo ukubhitya komhlaba nezikhonkwane, isithuba free phakathi kwabo kuba ezinkulu ngenxa kwesi crankshaft uba stroke simahla, i uyancipha oyile kwaye ngenxa yoko, ukondla yayo. Konke oku kubangela ukungaphumeleli ngaphambi yonke inkqubo injini.

Urholela likwindawo yesibini ukulungiswa. Abantu abaninzi baye beva ngayo okanye deal nale ngxaki ngokwabo, kodwa yazi ukuba bonke abanini imoto, nto leyo esisizathu sokuba kuvela le meko. kokuxhuma iibheringi intonga ezi zizixwexwe leyo kulala kwibhedi ekhethekileyo. Kulo mzekelo, noqikelelo ezincinane zicwangciswe phezu engaphandle iphela wesiqingatha-amakhonkco, kufuneka beze wawumdibanisa inxalenye ngaphambili block, njengoko kunjalo kwi-injini ezintsha. Ezinye iimeko ukunciphisa ukunganyangeki ajike ngokunxulumene pad, oko isihange ukuya crankshaft kwaye yokubolekisana entanyeni. Kule meko, umsebenzi injini wayeka. Kubalulekile ukuphawula izizathu osetyenziswe kuphuhliso yayo;

• ukusebenza motor lu dityanisiwe ezithile osisigxina umthwalo;
• mnandi na isakhiwo engamanzi kakhulu;
• ethwele iminqwazi na ukuphazamiseka elisezantsi;
• ukungabikho ioli, viscosity okanye ubukho ngokugqithisileyo kwi iikhompawundi esirhabaxa.

yokuqala yomsebenzi

Ukuba kuyacaca ukuba ngaphandle ukulungiswa yeyunithi samandla ayikwazi ukukwenza, kufuneka ukuchonga isidanga zokuguga zonke izinto eziyimfuneko ukuze ukujonga ubungakanani ifaka crankshaft. Uninzi abaqhubi basombulula ingxaki ngokukhetha imilinganiselo uhlolo olubonakalayo, ungasebenzisa i mic yokulunga enkulu. Kwakhona sinikele ingqalelo amathuba ekruqulayo. Xa efumanise lweziqalelo esongwayo, kufuneka ngoko nangoko indawo. Phambi kokuba kuqale ukulungiswa nga kumiselwa nokusebenza injini, ingakumbi, kunjalo nje okomzuzwana imeko okanye izandi ezithile crankshaft. Xa jamming iintamo intshukumo ngakumbi kube nzima.

Enoba imeko yangoku, zonke iinkcukacha zokwenza kufuneka zihlolwe ngenyameko. Ezintanyeni ziveza umonakalo ngumtshangatshangiso-ezifana imbonakalo, ekulula ukuziva izandla zenu, kule meko kuyimfuneko ukwenza uyadika nokuhlangula iinxalenye nokulungisa, imilinganiselo leyo ne site ufakelo. Ngenxa inani elikhulu yokwenzakala kungafuna isicefe ngakumbi kakhulu, kwaye ngenxa yoko, kufuneka iindawo, yahluke ngokupheleleyo ubukhulu wangaphambili. Ngoko ke, kokuxhuma iibheringi intonga crankshaft leyo ezifunyenwe emva kokuba ukuqaliswa kwazo zonke iinkqubo, ukuze uphephe imfuneko ukubuyisela izinto ukuya evenkileni.

I algorithm Ukufakwa

Indlela oqhelekileyo zokusombulula ingxaki abantu abaninzi kukuba sokubhenela yokuvasa imoto. Kodwa esikhundleni bushings crankshaft imali nabani na amava incinane mali yokulungisa kwaye kukho iseti ethile izixhobo. Ukuze lula ngxaki kufuneka balandele ikhondo elithile.

Okokuqala kufuneka ukukhangela umsantsa ephakathi nqanawa kunye crankshaft. Ukuqinisekiswa lwenziwa usebenzisa ucingo yeplastiki ukukala, leyo ingafunyanwa kwi entanyeni efunekayo. Le cap imvelaphi kunye nqanawa, ukuba some nomkhosi ethile, ixabiso ahambelana-51 NM. Kufuneka usebenzise utsalo torque yokulinganisa. Emva ukususwa ixabiso isikhewu isiciko iyafana iqondo ucinezelo le wire. Ngoncedo umsantsa ngegama kuyimfuneko ukuvavanya parameter kubangela ixabiso awo brand nganye eyahlukileyo. Ukuba kuyacaca ukuba umsantsa mkhulu ngaphezu kwexabiso elibekiweyo, oko kukuthi, ngesidanga ucinezelo, aninako ukwenza ngaphandle ufakelo ungamalungu ukulungiswa.

wamzalela

Zonke iintonga zisuswa emva emathutyeni uvavanyo olucwangcisiweyo, nayo wachithwa kunye crankshaft olukhazimlisiweyo. Ukubamba wamzalela kunokwenzeka kuphela kunye nezixhobo ezizodwa - tsentrostremitele, leyo kunqabile enokufunyanwa abanini imoto eqhelekileyo. Ngoko ke, kuya kufuneka zithunyelwe specialist. Emva besila, ukukhethwa kwenziwa ifaka ezifanelekileyo ubukhulu crankshaft. Akukho akakwazi ukwenza ngaphandle isixhobo efana micrometer, kwaye ngokufaka izinto ekhethiweyo. Ngaphezu koko, zonke iinkcukacha crankshaft efakiweyo oda reverse uze ujije isiciko phezu iibheringi eziphambili.

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ezinye iimpawu kweentonga reverse nokunyuka no bushings. Zakutsha nje pre-lubricated ioli, kufuneka liqiniswe neekepusi. Xa kuthelekiswa umsebenzi wokulungiselela ukulungiselela ufakelo kuthatha ixesha elininzi. Asimele silibale malunga nokusebenza crankshaft, nto leyo luphawulwa imithwalo eziphakamileyo, ngokunjalo malunga indleko yalo phezulu. Kuyimfuneko ukuba benze konke okusemandleni ukuze kwandiswe ixesha nokusebenza. Eyona ndima ephambili idlalwa apha besila wenziwe ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Le nkqubo iqinisekisa iintamo anencasa kuzilungiselela ukuba ukusetyenziswa ngakumbi.

Oko Ufanele Ukwazi

Nangona yobumbaxa multi-candelo iinxalenye imoto ezifana kwinjini, abantu abaninzi ngokulula aludilize umsebenzi. Kodwa xa ufaka ethwala kufuneka silumke ngakumbi, njengotsaleko ngokuloqa kakhulu okanye ngokuchasene noko, torque obungaphelelanga kunokubangela ujikelezo eziqalelo ezizisekondari. Xa engekho intembelo ubuchule babo kunye nolwazi oluyimfuneko ukujongana abasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo.

Indlela ukukhetha

Kungakhathaliseki ukuba unobangela yokulungisa motor nokutshintshwa ezifakelwa, uyadika crankshaft i kufuneka-bona khona. Ukufakelwa kwamalungu amatsha kunokwenzeka kuphela indlela olukhazimlisiweyo okanye entsha. Ukuba kukho umonakalo kunye imingxuma entanyeni omnye kuphela, ngayo yonke lweziqalelo ukuphumeza ubungakanani afanayo. iindawo Standard zifakwa kwi kwindibano yokuthutha motor. Umzekelo, izinto ezifakelwa ukulungisa crankshaft for Vaz iimoto ezithengiswa kwiinguqulelo ezine. Oko uyadika kunokwenziwa ukuya izihlandlo ezine. Motors emishini ezifana 'Muscovite "kunye GAS unezinye wokucoca yesihlanu yesithandathu ukuya kwisi-1.5 no-1.2 mm, ngokulandelelana. Eyona ndlela ilungileyo iya kuba ukhetho kubungakanani ofunekayo umntu wayenza wokucoca. Yazala kungabangela imfuneko izinto, nto leyo ibabambezelayo ekubeni idlula sigqibo yangaphambili. Oku kuxhomekeke kubunzulu iintsele ezintanyeni kunye izixa zabo. Ifaka zithiwe thaca ezithengiswayo ngohlobo kweekhithi ze zombini iindidi ezintanyeni.

iimpawu imisebenzi

Ukufaka ifaka crankshaft ifuna ukuthobela le migaqo ilandelayo:

• isikhonkwane igeza uye strainers ezikhethekileyo, kufuneka zosulwe ngethuba umsebenzi;
• Intelekelelo e esibonakalayo kunye nokulungisa izinto ezifakelwa, kufuneka bakhululeke ukuba ukungena vee (iinzame ngesandla kufuneka kwanele);
• indawo lwenziwa ngaphandle amanyathelo ezingafanelekileyo;
• kunye izinto zemveli athwalwa isuswe pre-imoto, ngelixa ufakelo intonga ukuyisusa akukho mfuneko;
• ekugqityweni zonke izenzo injini kufuneka asebenziswe-in.

Alternative Imikhumbi replacement Crankshaft

Ngaphandle kokususa injini, unako kwakhona indawo ethwala i crankshaft, into ekuphela kuyimfuneko ukuba siqwalasele iingxaki ezithile. Ukwenzela ukuba kuqinisekiswe ufikelelo simahla crankshaft kufuneka ube ngaphantsi kwenqanaba eqhelekileyo ukuba ubuncinane 1 cm. Kukho ngaphandle kokususa ibhokisi okanye ziba yayo buso kunye nentshukumo ngendlela eyahlukileyo ukusuka enjinini. Kufuneka kwakhona makukhutshwe wonke iibhanti. Ukuze ufake i nqanawa yakutshanje kuyimfuneko rhoqo ukuthoba shaft nokuba ezisezantsi.

ifaka uphawu

Ukuba kuyimfuneko, iinkcukacha ukukhethwa standard iparameters sisiqalo imibala ikhowudi, nto leyo ingafunyanwa kwi izinto phantsi replacement. Ukuba idatha zibhekisela zilahlekile ngenxa ukonakala ebonakalayo, kufuneka ajonge iimpawu kwi kweentonga ezo, okanye mandithi phezu kweentloko zabo asezantsi. Kufuneka kwakhona ukukhangela ukuba amanqaku kwi shaft, ukuba uchaze parameters ebekwe yi umqala.