Ibutho laseMelika. Inkonzo e-US Army

Yiyiphi Ibutho edume kakhulu ehlabathini? Kungenzeka, i-US. Yankees esiphantsi khona ehlabathini lonke, kwilizwekazi ngalinye, ngaphandle Antarctica. Ngokubanzi, umkhosi American kwiminyaka yakutshanje ifumene isixa elingu loo namarhe intelekelelo yokuba ayivalele into ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi iba ngumngeni ngokwenene. Nangona kunjalo, siya kuzama.

prehistory

Xa zidityaniswe kunye French Expeditionary lweSizwe, abavukeli American woyisa British kwimephu yehlabathi, urhulumente omtsha. Yaba eUnited States. "The New baseMerika" abayinqobo wabulela French xa beziphethe umsebenzi eYurophu (kwaba 1803, emva kokuba bonke), ukuba ziphantsi kwesoyikiso axhuzule bexhobile, wayithenga ngeepeni Louisiana. Emva 1812 uNapoleon wayengasekho phezulu kubo, ukuze iqhinga wasebenza. Kodwa xa ngo-1814 kujoliswe kwinto enye efanayo abaye bagqiba ukwenza kunye eKhanada, yaphelela Lutsha KUBI: amaBritane ibethe umkhosi nolungafanelekanga, weza eWashington watshisa White House.

Nalapho ke kwacaca ukuba Army US kuloo minyaka lingenako ukuhlangabezana neemfuno semkhosini amazwe World Old. Ukongeza, wamgxeka British ne-French kunokuba kakuhle uzame Impindezelo yeyam. Musa ukulibala ukuba ithi esemantla kufuneka abathi elide kwi-South ubutyebi. Emerging imfazwe yamakhaya, ukuba oko kuyimfuneko ukulungiselela ngokwaneleyo.

I-Civil War kunye yeHlabathi yokuQala

Qala i imfazwe yamakhaya ka-1861-1865. Ngeli xesha, owabulala malunga nezigidi zabantu. Isifundo wahamba ukuze zisetyenziswe kwixesha elizayo: iinjineli American liphuhlise iisampuli ezintsha lwezixhobo ezincinane izixhobo zokudubula. Kubonakala ukuba ekuqaleni leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi, i-US kwafuneka ukuba beze bezilungiselele ngokupheleleyo. Awu, nokuba ingqiqo yabo ezinqabileyo (njenga kwi iMfazwe Yehlabathi II), yaqala xa amajoni nezona US ukufika imiphambili kwemfazwe ngo-1918, akazange ukugcina umkhosi ukusuka drubbing.

Ababephila siyangqina, ukuba Yankees ayengenalo eziqhelekileyo zokudubula intsimi yaye akazange nokuba abe hanya eqhelekileyo ingalo elihamba encinane. Ababesakuba ziintshaba, isiFrentshi kunye yaseBritani, baye banceda kakhulu kwixesha elizayo, "eli polisa wehlabathi." Ngokukodwa, kwaba calibers zokudubula isiFrentshi, 105 no-155 mm, isenguye ixhaphake kakhulu kwi US Army. Noko ke, konke oku wabanceda kancinci.

Lithethe ityala ngokwakho. Ukususela ngo-Agasti ukuya ngoNovemba 1918 ukwaphulwa okulwa ikwazile ukuba ulahlekelwa kwabulawa ngaphezulu kwama-200 amawaka abantu. Kwaye oku ngexesha xa kwedabi laseVerdun, eyathatha phantse yonke 1916, abangu 300,000 (ewonke) ukusuka French kunye amaJamani.

Thathela ingqalelo 600,000 owenzakeleyo, sinokuthi umkhosi waseMelika iye yaphela isibini kweenyanga. Iziphumo yaba buhlungu. Noko ke, asingabo bonke into embi: baseMerika ngelo xesha baba zizityebi ngokuxhaphaza lokutya kunye izinto eYurophu yimfazwe, ibenza amakhoboka amaninzi mboleko zikarhulumente ehlabathini. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ngexesha songenelelo Vladivostok, Arkhangelsk kunye Murmansk ngabo (Elucweyweni kwezinye iintlanga) liye lakhutshwa eninzi ubutyebi kunye negolide.

E Melika bathutha inani elikhulu izazinzulu neenjineli, ukufumana iqashiso embi yamagosa bakudala umkhosi tsarist. Ukususela ngelo xesha, i Army US waqalisa ukufumana iisampulu kakhulu izixhobo kunye nezixhobo echaphazela ngqo ukusebenza yayo yokulwa.

amanani ewonke

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba US-mali yenzeka emkhosini, engaquki ithathele ingqalelo iindleko "nabo" NATO, leyo ngonyaka bathenge baseMerika imali eninzi izixhobo. Ngokutsho data ezisemthethweni, umkhosi sele inikezelwe ngaphezu $ 610 yezigidi ngo-2014.

Yintoni ubungakanani US Army? Ngokutsho data ezisemthethweni, kunyaka ophelileyo wakhonza abantu malunga nesiqingatha sesigidi kwi izintlu amabutho aseMelika. Oku kuthathelwe ingqalelo i-14 amawaka abantu nabasebenzi benkonzo karhulumente. I-Reserve kuluhlu 843,75 amawaka amajoni. Ukuba, ke, ukuba baxoxe umkhosi yabucala American, amanani yabo ndicinga kuphela.

Bambalwa abantu bazi, kodwa emva kokuba Vietnam baseMerika akazange rhoxisa umnxeba: oko kukuthi, kodwa kukho "zero". Ngamafutshane, kwimeko ezinkulu-impi phantsi umpu, baba 50 abantu 80 million. Kakade ke, akukho ngqiqweni, kodwa 30 ezigidi baseMerika uya kukwazi ukuqokelela kufunyanwe abanye ukuze uqinisekise. Kuyo nayiphi na imeko, izixhobo ze-US Army (okanye mandithi, umthamo wayo) kukuba zonke eli hlokondiba kungenzeka kakhulu ukuze kuxhotyiswe ngokupheleleyo.

Thina, ngasendleleni, lilonke inani labasebenzi zomkhosi yaye ngaphezu kwesigidi, kodwa ngaphantsi kakhulu vivo reserve. Sithi 'imihlali' 90, yaye yokushiywa angafanele izaphulelo.

ubudala elivunyelweyo inkonzo esebenzayo - eyi-18. Kodwa ukuba isigqibo mfana lokuvuma abazali, izalamane okanye ezinye abagcini udidi, aphambukele ukukhonza kwiminyaka eli-17. Iminyaka yobudala eliphezulu kunokwenzeka yokwamkelwa eyahlukileyo. Iinxalenye linear - engama-35 kwi-Marine Corps - engama-26. Ngenxa yoko, i-US umkhosi - kakhulu "umbutho" ekhululekile ngokwemiqathango kweminyaka eli.

Form kunye nezinye "izinto ezincinane"

"Ikhadi Calling" nawuphi na umkhosi na ukumila amajoni ayo. AmaMelika - hayi ngaphandle. Ngokubanzi, imilo umkhosi American ohlonelwa kuba nje practical. Akukho mabango etyeni ukuya iziqalelo yimbonakalo (ngesizathu, vele), nto leyo eqhelekileyo ukuba umntu oye wakhonza kwi CA okanye omkhosi.

Iimpahla - kuba onke amaxesha, kuba yonke imimandla kwemozulu. Nabaqambi ezihlawulwa ingqalelo kuzithuthuzela intshukumo, ukukhusela zonke iindawo ezibalulekileyo omzimba zamajoni. Iyunifomu yomkhosi American Kulula ngokwenene: lingaphantsi ijoni nto ebila, ubonelela ukuba ubukho nkqu "oobhaka 'banomoya amanzi, njengoko amajoni ethu abagcina kuphela.

Kwaye - hayi 'eyinkcitho Yankee effete ", ekubeni kwiqondo lobushushu okukufutshane 40 Sentigredi emthunzini umntu onjalo" zodidi "anokusindisa ubomi obuninzi. Ngokufutshane, ngokwenene amajoni US Army bakwimeko bume kakhulu.

ingakumbi lula zomthetho: iibhutsi namaqatha enzelwe kanye unyaka ukusebenza. Bakhusele isosha neqatha. Nditsho iimeko iintaba of namaqatha ayo Afghanistan splayed amatyala ezimbalwa kakhulu. Oku kusikhumbuza izihlangu enzima ubenetloni bengumkhosi zethu. Ukongeza, iincwadi eqhelekileyo (kunye ukothula ergonomic), amaMelika ixesha elide eyadlulayo. Kwakhona, oku akufanelekanga ixhanyulwe: kwindawo ubhaka nejoni nga kuthimba yi emthethweni 15-20% ngaphezulu. Yaye ke, njengoko uyazi - yena uhlala iimeko imfazwe.

Asiyi ukukhumbula iingxowa zethu duffel, apho amajoni bethu ilifa omkhulu zabo, lowo wakhulula lonke Europe ... Ngethamsanqa, amajoni akhululwa ngempumelelo kule anachronism eloyikekayo.

Ngenxa yoko, imilo umkhosi American yinto elula gqitha and practical. Kuyathenjwa ukuba amajoni ethu ekugqibeleni iya kubonelela iimpahla eziqhelekileyo kunye nezixhobo.

A kangako izihloko

Apha baseMelika bedidekile. Nangona kunjalo, siya kuzama ingqalelo isikhundla esisiseko kwi-US Army. Kakade ke, oku eqhelekileyo e-Afrika, kodwa ke yonke into inzima kakhulu ngakumbi. Emva kokuba Private First Class, ngoko ngokubethwa, emva - Sgt. Udidi Awaxela kuquka izihloko nje ezintandathu. Emva kwabo - phoyisa, njalo-njalo de iklasi igosa yesigunyaziso yesine.

Ilandelwa ngu: elinye, umthetheli, ezinkulu, sashiya sombutho yesibini kwaye kuqala colonel (bonke, njengokuba thina). Emva kwale isikhundla ku US Army kwakhona abaleke sibali neyethu. UBrigadier General, uMajor General / uLieutenant General. It Bambeka konke oku jikelele yomkhosi. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba phoyisa isikhundla kakhulu "ehlonitshwe" American, kwiimeko ezininzi Awaxela linokuyiqhuba imisebenzi amagosa "endle".

ezweni

inani lawo elipheleleyo - malunga 600 amawaka abantu. Kwakhona bathi omnye emkhosini 528.500. Ngamafutshane, le Army njengenxalenye US Army lo manyano inkulu, ngenxa iinjongo ezithile neenjongo. Ngokuba imisebenzi abancedisayo lihambisana iperi amaqela ntaka, kwakunye kulungiselelo zokucima, zokudubula, unyango kunye nabanye.

I-National Guard uye imikhosi ubuncinane 20,000. Kodwa kukho alombutho ubuncinane 330 amawaka abantu. Kufuneka ukuba kucingelwa ukuba i-National Guard axhobe mandundu: kumafa layo, kukho bade amaqela itanki, singasathethi ke ntaka zothutho kunye nezinye "izinto ezincinane".

izixhobo zobuchwepheshe

I-US Army ithathwa ukuba kakhulu ixhotyiswe ngokwalo zobugcisa. Alone M1 Abrams ukususela kunyaka ophelileyo, kukho amatanki 2.338. Bamalunga nama-3.5 eliwaka zolondolozo. Kukho malunga neekhilomitha iimoto eqongeni Stryker yaye efanayo - based kumaqonga efanayo. Njengoko le elihamba, ngoko yelifa labo kuyo imalunga 4.6 amawaka IFV M2 no M3 Bradley. amawaka amabini aphezu zolondolozo. Kwaye loo nto zamadoda "nezakudala" M60 kunye like "nemiboniso."

imikhosi US e abathwali abasebenzi vehicles imali ndijonge ngokwenene: malunga 26 amawaka iimoto. Phezu kwayo yonke loo ntetho malunga akufuneki ukuba ndinibhalele-off, kusesemini obanzi kakhulu na M113 zonke iinguqulelo. Abangama-13 amawaka, anesihlanu amawaka ezi emkhosini. Ngenkuthalo wakha iimoto vehicles: kwiminyaka yakutshanje kwakukhona izithuthi iklasi MRAP malunga 17.417, kuquka malunga 5.7 amawaka iinguqulelo ezintsha M-ATV.

Ukuba kuthelekiswa imikhosi American kwaye Russian ngale ndlela, amaMelika ngokucacileyo phambili; ukuze, njengokuba ka-2012 omkhosi uye malunga namawaka alithoba abathwali abasebenzi transport (kunye ne "okunkonkxiweyo") kuzo zonke uguqulelo, kuquka BTR-70 abadala kakhulu. Ukubakho semkhosini welizwe BTR-90 ulwazi lwethu oluchanileyo lisekhona (bona, kodwa alaziwa inani).

elihamba kwezikhali

Kwaye elihamba apho? Ziziphi izixhobo US Army kulo mba? Nazi yonke mgangatho noko: M16, M14 shotgun. Kukho inani isiJamani NC 416, kodwa bambalwa. Pistols - "Beretta" yeyona ixhaphakileyo, nguye "Glock", maxa wambi imigqomo "ezinamathole 1911 'endala.

Ke ukuba guns submachine, kuba MP5 eqhelekileyo kakhulu NC. Kukho isixhobo egudileyo-wamzalela, "Mossberg" yaye "Benelli". Machine gun, enyanisweni, omnye kuphela. Oku "Browning M2NV" isampuli baninzi ngo-1919! Mhlawumbi, kule nkalo, umkhosi American engenamandla Russian: amajoni zethu ngokuba loku kukhetha ncam iingalo ezincinane.

Zokudubula, nezikhali antitank

Zokudubula kwiminyaka yakutshanje, amaMelika ingqalelo kakhulu, kodwa ke ukuza kuthi ga ngoku amadoda malunga amathandathu amawaka ezi nkqubo. Ezi ziquka ACS 969 M109A6 (yaye omnye kulondolozo ezingamakhulu amahlanu on), malunga 1242 imipu ukuvuleka 105 155 mm (khumbula oko kwabhalwa ekuqaleni kweli nqaku?), Kwakunye 1205 MLRS. Kwiingalo exabisa malunga 2.5 amawaka mortars, kuquka esingazihambeliyo.

Kodwa sethu impi kukho isizathu esivakalayo abe nelunda: inani lilonke imipu zasekhaya esingazihlabeliyo neenkqubo zokudubula udlula 14 amawaka, kunye nokwakhiwa omkhosi, kukho izilwanyana ezifana "eTulip", analogue apho US ayinayo.

Ingakumbi kuba anti-itanki Kukho malunga enye kwaye nesiqingatha iinkqubo anti-itanki amawaka esingazihambeliyo, kubandakanywa nabo eqongeni, "Stryker". Marine kukhutshwa ephathwayo nentshuntshe anti-itanki, nangoncedo apho ingunyaka wokugqibela kunye norhulumente US ithethathethana urhulumente yangoku Ukrainian.

US Army iindawo units ukundiza

Ziye phantsi kunye moya bayo. Oku kuquka inani moya yezobuntlola malunga-60, kwakunye elinamanci mahlanu yothutho.

Kodwa ke esiyintsika yale 'ilizwe mboni "ubunjwe-ntaka. Ngoko ke, kukho ubuncinane 740 "Apache", 356 emininzi KiowaWarrior (izithuthi ezininzi), kwakunye jikelele HH-60. Kuba nokuziswa iimpahla malunga namawaka amathathu ntaka enzima, kuquka 500 edumileyo "Chinook".

Navy

Kukho malunga ne-320 lamawaka oomatiloshe. Alombutho zibhaliswe 100 lamawaka. Ke zona iindlela zobugcisa kwi nokulahlwa US Navy uye lweenqanawa ezintywilayo ubuncinane 70 yaye abangaphezu kwekhulu iinqanawa.

Isiseko kuba US Navy izikhephe inkwili zezi projekthi "Ohio", bexhobe imijukujelwa zenyukliya kwebhola. Nakuba kunjalo, ubuncinane ezine iinqanawa ezo kutsha nje kwixa elidlulileyo ziye ukulungiswa kunye yeyala maxesha, ngenxa apho baxhotyiswa imijukujelwa iza "Tomahawk", 154 iziqwenga ebhodini. Kude kube ngoku, i Navy US sigcine ezinye inomzimba nuclear, leyo (ukuba kuyimfuneko) na umlilo kunye imijukujelwa ezizodwa, apho nazo ziyafumaneka kwi izivingco inomzimba.

zenethiwekhi

Okwangoku, i-Navy US uye iinqanawa 10 Nimiz udidi elibambeleyo. Okwangoku sisebenzela ngokubuyisela iqela emoyeni kwi-moya F-16. Uhlaselo Libya, Afghanistan kunye Iraq, ezi iinqanawa adlala indima ebalulekileyo, ekubeni kwiimeko ezininzi moya zabo phambi kokuphela zicinezelwa iqhosha indawo uxhathiso.

Ngokubanzi, eyama aselwandle lidlala indima ebalulekileyo weenqanawa. Njengenxalenye yale sakhiwo bakhonza phantse ikhulu elinamanci lamawaka amajoni. Aircraft kakhulu: kukho anti-inkwili uqhagamshelo butho yezobuntlola kunye nemikhosi kukothuka.

Xa iyonke, i-United States Naval Aviation ngaphezu kwewaka iimatshini. Kodwa uninzi bonke Uhonjiswe ekuhlaseleni - phantse 830 ziingceba.

Air Force

I-Air Force kweli lizwe abantu malunga 350 amawaka. Enye 150,000 - ancedisayo. Total ekhoyo kwi-Air Force malunga namawaka amathathu moya kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo kunye noqwalaselo (ngaphandle izixhobo enkonkxiweyo). Njengenxalenye yale Aviation ehlala ihleli isebenza malunga 160 ekuhlaseleni, inkoliso yabo - le B2 kaHomer.

Kodwa ke ngenxa uMkhosi waseMoyeni ingqalelo izilwi, iinqwelo-moya kuhlaselwa kunye ekuhlaseleni. Inxalenye enkulu - ukuba loo moya F16 / F35. Ukongeza, kukho 159 iziqwenga F-22A «Oluhlala». Zezona emkhosini US wayebathembe eziphakamileyo, kodwa ndiza yaba imali eninzi kakhulu, yaye akakwazi ukwenza ixesha elide ukulwa imishini kwimozulu ifumile.

Ukuba kuthelekiswa imikhosi American kwaye Russian, sibe sinezinto mbi kancinane, kodwa ngethamsanqa, kwiminyaka yakutshanje, le meko waqalisa ukuphucula isantya phantse eSoviet. Ngenxa yoko, njengokuba ka-2015, i-ukuzeka kade umsindo Amandla wethu Air waqalisa ukufumana amakhulu iinqwelo ezintsha kunye ntaka ngonyaka ngamnye, kanti kuyo yonke iminyaka edlulileyo - kaninzi akukho mntu.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba inani lilonke Russian Air Force - inkcazelo eyimfihlo ngokungqongqo. Kuphela ethile ubungqina bubonisa ukuba sibe malunga 2.3 amawaka moya. Noko ke, naye kakhulu, kakhulu kunene. Ngaphezu koko, ninoyolo ekugqibeleni uqalile Siphucula elide-lomqolo-moya (Tu-95 "Bear" kunye Tu-160 "White Swan").

ofisi

Nantsi ke, umkhosi US (ifoto amajoni ayo thaca kweli nqaku). Ngendlela, ukuba abe "lwentando yesininzi media"? Enyanisweni, akukho nto ingakumbi nzima ngayo. Le meko ibalulekileyo - ukuba umviwa wayengummi okanye (Green Card). Emva kokufumana kuyo, ungenza ngokukhuselekileyo uye kwiziko ukugaya elikufutshane. Uthi ufuna ukukhonza kwi US Army, uze uqale ukubandakanya recruiter.

Iimfuno azikho kakhulu;

• Gqithisela kweminyaka.
• Phendula imibuzo yovavanyo ( "ikhaya lethu phakathi abasemzini," ngokusoyisa ngamazwi athi ilula kakhulu).
• Yenza iinkcukacha ebonakalayo: 30 tsala-ups, ukubaleka, tyhala-ups, hlala-ups. Ngokubanzi ndoda, ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi ngophuhliso ukumelana konke oku ngaphandle kobunzima okukhulu.
• Yiba phambi komthetho. Ngokubanzi, umkhosi udla amalungu lemigewu esitratweni, kangangokuba apha yonke into isalamane.
• Musa ukuba elikhulu, ibangela umvambo emzimbeni. Ukuba une Tattoo entloko okanye emqaleni - kuza kufuneka kungazehlisa na.
• Kule umkhosi waseMerika Russian linye: abaziingedle zeziyobisi, iindlamanzi kunye umntu engalungelelananga ngengqondo kwinkonzo anemvume.

Ngokubanzi, lo ibali yethu liphele. Siyathemba ukuba eli nqaku iye luncedo kuwe.