Houseplants Passport epriskuli

Xa eziguqulweyo Russian kunye namanye amaziko emfundo ukusasaza ukusetyenziswa zokundwendwela zezityalo. Yintoni abamele? Oku ingakhangeleka njani?

Yintoni ngumongo yokundwendwela zendlu izityalo?

Phantsi ipaspoti budinga ithathwa ukuba ibhekisele uxwebhu, leyo iqulathe iimpawu kakhulu ezizikhulelayo engqinelanayo izityalo. Olu xwebhu ayikho ezikumila ngokusesikweni, kuyo nayiphi na imithombo Russian ilungelo ukuqhuba imithombo ezo azilawulwa. Noko ke, ngokungekho houseplants yokundwendwela zisetyenziswa kakhulu. Ngoko ke, ukusasaza ukusetyenziswa kwazo kumaziko emfundo pre-school - kokubini ukwenzela ukuba ulawule le mibutho zinika inani elaneleyo lezityalo olufunayo Biological Diversity, kunye ukuze bafundise abantwana ulwazi olusisiseko eziphilayo kunye nokwahlulwa kwezityalo.

Kusenokwenzeka ukuba kuqatshelwe ukuba ingcaciso enye yokundwendwela kungenziwa iqhutywa nje enye, kodwa iqela kwezityalo. Yaye ukuba efanayo ngemiqondiso eziphilayo. houseplants yokundwendwela zingafakwa kulawulo, nto leyo iya kubonisa iintlobo ngeentlobo zendidi iintyatyambo.

Kusenokwenzeka kuqatshelwe ukuba imbono yokundwendwela kwisityalo wowe-mthetho kwamanye amazwe. Ngokomzekelo, kwenye imithetho Estonia kaThixo abe udidi efanayo ngokusemthethweni, kodwa Okukodwa yayo siza kuphonononga kamva. Nangona isifundo oko kugqalwa utoliko sikweni kwekota, kwakunye nendlela apho yokundwendwela anokwenziwa houseplants.

Ukudala ipaspoti izityalo

Ngoko ke, lo yokundwendwela sisityalo - uxwebhu equlethe iimpawu zalo ezisisiseko eziphilayo. Ezi angamelwa:

• igama kwisityalo - in Russian kunye, umzekelo, Latin, okuhambelana iintlobo zebhayoloji, iintlobo;
• Igama losapho plant;
• indawo awazalelwa kuyo iintlobo - in a ekuqulunqeni elula yomnini intyatyambo;
• ulwazi malunga neemeko lokuvalelwa, kwakunye ukukhathalela isityalo;
• Naziphi na ezinye izimvo - umzekelo, ingcaciso malunga kwivenkile uthenge izityalo, okanye enye inkcazelo malunga oko kwenzeke njani ukuba ube ngumnikazi.

houseplants Passport iqulunqwe scheme zingasentla kukhutshwa ikhadi encinane iphepha okanye paperboard. Ungenza indlela njengesixhobo ikhompyutha, ngokunjalo ukugcwalisa kuyo, uprinte, uze uncamathisele, umzekelo, phezu kwembiza intyatyambo okanye ufake i zokundwendwela cabinet ifayile isityalo ukuba ikhutshwa phandle, umzekelo, pre-izikolo. Ukuba akwenziwanga - enokw indalo yayo.

Ulwazi malunga yokundwendwela izityalo okanye amanye amaziko emfundo pre-school uya kuqhutywa ngekhompyutha ngokupheleleyo. Oku kunokwenziwa, umzekelo, ukuphuhlisa kwiphepha elahlukileyo zezityalo endlwini, thatha umfanekiso njengentyantyambo, uyibeke kuxwebhu olunye kunye kwifom efanelekileyo. Uyakwazi ukwenza zombini data iinketho Isitolo kwisityalo - omabini iphepha-elektronikha. Kuba ubhaliso kunye nokugcinwa zokundwendwela uyakwazi ukuhlangabezana iziko ngalinye lemfundo lweengcali - ngokungqinelana ummiselo entloko okanye ezinye izinto zomthetho zendawo.

Ukusetyenziswa zokundwendwela zezityalo kumthetho Estonian

Ngaphezu sibonile ukuba yokundwendwela houseplants inokuba uxwebhu, ukusetyenziswa leyo ilawulwa mimiselo. Umzekelo karhulumente apho umthetho onjalo isebenza - Estonia. Umthetho kaRhulumente lamkele imimiselo phantsi apho izityalo ezahlukeneyo kunokuqulunqwa passport kunye nezatifikethi noCoceko.

houseplants mthetho incwadi e Estonia - na uxwebhu zasekhaya engqina ukuba isityalo luphawulwa yedwa zikwimeko eyiyo. Ukongeza, uxwebhu ehambelana ingenziwa ngaphandle kunye neemveliso zezityalo, kwakunye nezinye izibonelelo, ukuba kuyimfuneko.

Isatifiketi ngasendle kuyafana xwebhu lokuqala: Kwakhona it qinisekisa isibakala sokuba ubume wokuvalelwa zesityalo okanye imveliso imvelaphi izityalo ukuze, nangona kunjalo, wasebenzisa lo mthombo ukuba Rhweba ngaphakathi no Rhweba kwezityalo. Ngale ndlela, houseplants yokundwendwela kwi enkulisa ukuqonda Russian (nangona ke sesikweni) Kakade ke, uya ayinanto yakwenza ne-mvume afanelekileyo. Noko ke, intloko pre-school okanye elinye iziko lemfundo, kuloo mgaqo, angasusa eninzi amalungiselelo luncedo komthetho Estonian ngokuphathelele unyango yommiselo izityalo. Umzekelo, unako ukuhlawula ingqalelo kwabo izinto isenza kuyilo yokundwendwela ahambelanayo.

Umzekelo: Ukwenziwa isityalo yokundwendwela kwinqanaba yowiso

umthetho Estonian umisela ukukhutshwa yezityalo yokundwendwela kuphela umntu ogama iinkcukacha zikhona lobhaliso lwe yedwa. Kulo mzekelo, lo mfanekiso kungaba: houseplants yokundwendwela enkulisa okanye elinye iziko lemfundo inokunikwa kuphela oyingcali, ngubani imvume eyimfuneko kukunyamekela iintyatyambo.

Kakade ke, kwiimeko ezininzi sinako ukwenza ngaphandle engqinelanayo nemimiselo, kodwa nezityalo eziluhlaza ibiza kakhulu zingathengwa enkulisa abanezidingo ezizodwa. Ngako oko, ukuphunyezwa of accounting, kwakunye kukhathalelo lwabo angafuna izakhono ezizodwa kwabasebenzi arhente: ulawulo kufuneka siqiniseke oku, yaye ke kuphela simvumele ukuba nenxaxheba kwizityalo. Nokukhutshwa ipasi ngumthetho Estonian kufuneka zimiliselwe ngumhloli eligunyazisiweyo.

Ngenxa yoko, le houseplants yokundwendwela kwiqela enkulisa unokunikwa nomnakekeli uxanduva. Kakade ke, xa ucinga amagama echazwe kumthetho Estonia, kunzima ukuba ukuziqhelanisa ukuba ukusebenza ukusetyenziswa zokundwendwela zezityalo namaziko akazalani umsebenzi, kwanokuba akukho Estonia, kodwa, umgaqo, nayiphi na amagunya zokusuphavayiza, nekulindeleke ukuba phezulu kunye nencwadana leyo yokundwendwela efanelekileyo. Noko ke, umbutho wokhathalelo yenkqubo ukuze ekomelezeni iintyatyambo yimvula eninzi ukulawula kule nkqubo ngokuthi nenkokheli ziko alinako isenokubaxeka.

Ngale ndlela, Kakade ke, amagama enikwe nesenzo esemthethweni esemthethweni (kwanokuba langaphandle), oko kuboniswa kule imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla yokuziqhelisa lombutho pre-school okanye elinye iziko lemfundo. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuba kunikelwe ingqalelo kwinani neminye imixube yemithetho Estonian kwi inxalenye nengeniso lwesityalo yokundwendwela - enxulumene kwenkcazo ixesha amaxwebhu afanelekileyo.

izityalo Passport wihi

Amagama ngawo, ilula kakhulu: kulindeleke ukuba yokundwendwela isityalo siya kugcinwa kangangexesha elithile, ngoko kusenokufuneka kutshintshwa. E Estonia - kwisithuba sonyaka-1. In practice - malunga nendlela yokundwendwela iya kusetyenziswa enkulisa okanye elinye iziko lemfundo eRashiya - eli lungiselelo kungaba luncedo ngokoMthetho nokusekwa kwe-ofisi yintloko imithetho wohlaziyo ngamaxesha iziqinisekiso ezifanelekileyo. Kusenokuba yimfuneko ukuba, umzekelo, izicwangciso ukufaka isityalo kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo.

Ukuba, umzekelo, kwisifundo enkulisa nezicwangciso - ukufunda iintyatyambo yimvula, umbutho ojongene specialist kwabo kuya kufuneka uqinisekise ukuba kusingathwa kumasango yeziko kwisityalo, okuthiwa ukuxelela abantwana. Ukulungiselela le njongo, ukulungiselela izifundo utitshala uqinisekise ukuba idatha enikwe kule ncwadana kunye nezo data ibhalwe yokundwendwela yezityalo. Kusenokwenzeka kakuhle ukuba houseplants yokundwendwela iqela aphezulu enkulisa iqulathe ulwazi oluchanekileyo ngokupheleleyo, kwaye kuya kufuneka ukuba ngokukhawuleza indawo ukuqinisekisa ukuba abantwana bafumana ulwazi oluthembekileyo malunga zesityalo esithile.

Ngenxa yoko, ulwazi kweli xwebhu luluncedo ukuba ziphicothiwe ukuze kubonwe ibekwe kakuhle okanye ukuba iintyatyambo esikolweni nursery kwi siseko. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba iindidi ezithile izityalo ezifanayo emvula akufuneki ukubeka kwezo nkalo apho izifundo ziqhutywa ukuba iqela eliphakathi labantwana, ngenxa yokuba, umzekelo, iintyatyambo kunokubangela ukuba umzimba. Ngenxa yoko, umnakekeli inokuba kwakhona yimfuneko ukwenza uphicotho-zincwadi ngesixhobo efana houseplants yokundwendwela. iqela Umyinge okanye nangaphezulu - kuzo zonke iimeko zibonisa ulwazi kanye kwisityalo kwi yokundwendwela kunokuba ebonakalayo.

Ngenye indlela, ukubaluleka eyenziwayo ukusetyenziswa izixhobo enkulisa okanye elinye iziko lemfundo inokulandwa kwimiba emininzi. Makhe sihlolisise ngokweenkcukacha ezingakumbi.

Ukubaluleka zezityalo yokulungiselela passports ku eziguqulweyo

Okokuqala, ukusetyenziswa houseplants yokundwendwela oluchanekileyo kwi qela omdala oko kuyimfuneko ukusuka luvo ezijongene abantwana abakwaziyo ukufunda imixholo uxwebhu echaphazelekayo kufuneka ukufumana ulwazi oluchanekileyo kwisityalo, nokuba engekho eklasini. Kwelinye icala, ukuba uceba kukuqhelanisa abafundi ngeentyatyambo eklasini, ulwazi kubonakala yokundwendwela kwisityalo kufuneka sihambelane utitshala ngokwakhe waqiniseka ukuba yazisa abantwana ulwazi oluchanekileyo malunga intyatyambo.

Okwesibini, ukuba ezinye izityalo zifuna iimeko ezizodwa zokuhlala, kufuneka nje ukuba uzenze zokungena houseplants. iqela omncinci okanye nangaphezulu aya kuqhutywa kwigumbi ahambelanayo - Akukhathaliseki. Kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa iimeko ezifanelekileyo ekukhuleni intyatyambo, kwaye xa kukho imfuneko - ukuze ayivalele ukusuka abantwana, umzekelo, ngexesha lokudubula kweentyatyambo. Kodwa ukuze wazi xa ukwenza oko, ulwazi malunga namaxesha kweentyatyambo asisuki luluncedo lokucinga passport yakhe.

Okwesithathu, uxwebhu osembuzweni luncedo ukuba umbutho efanelekileyo ukukhathalela isityalo. Nokuba ummandla imvelaphi, kusenokuba kufuna iimeko ezizodwa, indlela yokunkcenkceshela, isichumiso. Ezinye izityalo nabalulamileyo kakhulu, lo gama abanye ingqalelo nayiphi na ukutenxa kweemeko ezivumayo nezincomekayo. Ulwazi malunga unpretentiousness, okanye, icala, uvakalelo umbala ephakamileyo, kufuneka ziboniswe kwi yokundwendwela. Ezipilisi ziluncedo nje kuphela kubasebenzi abancinane kulo.

Kusenokwenzeka kakuhle ukuba banyamekele iintyatyambo (njengenxenye yenkqubo yemfundo) ziyabhatalisa kubantwana abadala. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba baza kuba nako ukufunda houseplants yokundwendwela - iqela yamalungiselelo ingaquka iiklasi ezifana efanele iminyaka yakhe, abantwana abazi ukuba ufunde ngayo. Ngoko ke, lo vangama echanekileyo yolwazi umbala iluncedo kulo mzekelo - ukuze abantwana bakwazi baziqhelanise iimpawu nokunyamekelwa umbala othile.

Ukuyila plant yokundwendwela: i bokuqonda

houseplants zokundwendwela kwi qela omdala okanye yamalungiselelo enqwenelekayo amalungiselelo ngendlela efanayo, ikopi enye kwisityalo ngasinye. Oku kuya yona imibuzo kunokwenzeka abantwana ngezinto njengemithombo yolwazi malunga nokunyamekelwa iintyatyambo ukuyisebenzisa. Akufanele ukuba asisuki yokundwendwela (Violet kusenokuba, umzekelo), eyakhiwa lwembali iyahluka kwikhontenti evela kule fomu, njo imbiza kunye namanye kwisityalo efanayo. Akufanele ukuba omnye imbiza leyo baxhoma izityalo zokundwendwela eziliqela.

Le emafini kufuneka bayitshekishe ngocoselelo budinga neencwadana zokundwendwela. Orchid okanye, umzekelo, i-cactus, luphawulwa iimeko ezikhethekileyo ulondolozo kunye nokhathalelo, yaye ngoko ke ayinqweneleki kakhulu ukuba passport zazibonakala Imposiso data kwi indlela anyamekele, umzekelo, ngokuba Begonia.

Drafter loxwebhu kufuneka silumke xa kubonakala ulwazi yokundwendwela kwi ezininzi zesityalo esithile. Ngamanye amaxesha iintyatyambo kuba zohlobo olufanayo eziphilayo, kodwa ezahlukeneyo iintlobo, efuna isiqulatho kwi kwemiqathango abanemfundo kakhulu. Ukongeza, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo isityalo inye zinokwahluka kakhulu ngembonakalo. Kunqweneleka, ngoko, xa ngokuzalisa ukuqinisekisa izityalo imbonakalo passports enemifanekiso esihambelanayo igama layo presumptive. Ukuba zibonakala ngokucacileyo akufani intyatyambo, kuyimfuneko ukuba acacise iintlobo okanye iindidi yincutshe.

Ngoku makhe siqwalasele imizekelo embalwa ubume zokundwendwela zezityalo, ezo badla Yaphathana eziguqulweyo kunye namanye amaziko emfundo of Russia - begonias, ficus, cactus iintlobo eqhelekileyo.

Umzekelo ipaspoti budinga: begonia

Vumela yokundwendwela ethu le ngcaciso ilandelayo malunga imibala: igama, intsapho yokuhlelwa eziphilayo, lobushushu yokugcina, ukukhanyisa, imo zonkcenkceshelo, ukufuma efunekayo, inkqubo kwezithole, isichumiso, ukuzala.

Ukuba intyantyambo apho yokundwendwela yenziwe izityalo ezisendlwini - begonias, ulwazi malunga nayo kuxwebhu zezi zilandelayo:

• Igama: begonia;
• eziphilayo uhlobo begonias zasebukhosini;
• Family: Begoniaceae;
• lobushushu Storage: degrees 20;
• Izibane: Bright, kungekhona kwelanga ngqo;
• ukunkcenkceshela ulawulo, ngexesha efudumeleyo engenakumbi, sebenzisa amanzi soft;
• ukufuma olufunayo: oluphezulu ngcono, kodwa akuyomfuneko ukuba itshizwe;
• inkqubo kuhlwayelwe: intwasahlobo kumhlaba okutsha;
• Nesichumiso: nangoko emva kokuvela amathupha, kanye rhoqo kwiiveki ezimbini;
• reproduction: ngokusebenzisa izithole kunye nembewu.

Ngoku - ficus yokundwendwela.

Umzekelo ipaspoti budinga: Ficus

Ukuba iintlobo enezityalo, kuba apho senza yokundwendwela asisuki - Ficus, uwunike kuxoxwa ngasentla iteknoloji, uxwebhu efanelekileyo uyakwazi ukubonakalisa ezi nkcukacha zilandelayo:

• Igama: Ficus Elastica;
• iintlobo: ficus ilastiki;
• Family: yemibhaka;
• lobushushu Storage: alithe gangqa 18 degrees, zibekwe ngembiza kwindawo efudumeleyo;
• Izibane: Bright, kodwa nokhuseleko elangeni;
• ulawulo ukunkcenkceshela: umhlaba ukuba amanzi waziphendulela amanzi bushushu;
• le ukufuma efunekayo: oluphezulu ngcono, ukongeza - amagqabi wazisula isiponji esifumileyo;
• inkqubo kwezithole: intwasahlobo emva kokuhluma iingcambu;
• isichumiso yasentwasahlobo kunye ehlotyeni, kanye rhoqo kwiiveki ezimbini;
• Veliswa: ningazicenti apical usebenzisa.

Kakade ke, enjengesakhiwo yokundwendwela isenokuba nezinye iinkcukacha langoku. Umzekelo - indawo awazalelwa kuyo izityalo, ingakumbi ukuba exotic - ezifana cactus Schlumberger.

Umzekelo ipaspoti budinga: Cactus

Ukuba iintlobo enezityalo, kuba leyo yokundwendwela asisuki - cactus Schlumberger, ungakhankanya ukuba isityalo savela eBrazil, apho ikhula kwi ndawo ifumile. Ezinye iinkcukacha zezi zilandelayo:

• Igama: Schlumberger okanye decembrist;
• iintlobo: Schlumberger Buckley;
• Family: cactus;
• lobushushu Storage: 17-20 degrees ngeyona ndlela inenzuzo enkulu yasebusika - kukhethwa degrees ngaphezulu kwe-18;
• Izibane: ukukhanya okukhulu;
• ukunkcenkceshela ukusebenza: a rhoqo kwithuba eneentyatyambo;
• le ukufuma efunekayo: ethile;
• Inkqubo ukufakelwa: 1 izihlandlo kwiminyaka 1-2 ukusuka kowama-March de kuye ekupheleni kuka April;
• isichumiso: oluphakathi kunye nomxube lwezityalo eneentyatyambo;
• reproduction: ngokusebenzisa izithole esiqwini.

Ngoko ke, olu xwebhu phantsi kunokucingwa akhangele ngobulungisa mgangathweni. Ukuba iintlobo enezityalo, apho yokundwendwela wenza asisuki - violet, ngoko ufuna kuphela ukungenisa ulwazi oluyimfuneko malunga intyantyambo usebenzisa uncwadi ezikhethekileyo okanye ukubona oyingcali icebiso.

Uyakwazi gqibezela yakho yokundwendwela naluphi na ulwazi olufunekayo. Umzekelo, ukuba intyantyambo apho yokundwendwela yenziwe izityalo ezisendlwini - orchid, ngoko ungakhankanya iintlobo ezithile ngokunxulumene mmandla, njengoko akhoyo ngokwemvelo iindidi ngokubanzi kumaBakala kuxhomekeka kwindawo leyo ikhule ezi ntyatyambo. Kwakhona kukho into eninzi orchid hybrid - iyavakala wenze uphawu kwi yokundwendwela ukuba intyantyambo nga zihlelwe ngokusekelwe isabelo kukho iintlobo ezithile yakhulela yi ngeentyatyambo kwinkqubo yokhetho.