Genetics magic Ngaba amandla omlingo Garri Pottera ukuba ubhalwe DNA wakhe?

Kwihlabathi "Harry Potter" ubuchule zobugqi nasinikela. Amagqwirha nakoosiyazi waba abazali nabo amagunya zobugqi, kunye nootatomkhulu babo. Noko ke, kwakukho ngaphandle kulo mthetho. Umzekelo, Germiona Greyndzher Wazalwa iperi Muggles (abantu ngaphandle amandla omlingo), kwaye ummelwane lonke igumbi Harry Seamus Finnigan wayengunyana-muggle uyihlo kunye igqwirha Irish.

Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha ngamagqwirha kunye oosiyazi izibini nabantwana ngaphandle amandla zobugqi, leyo ibizwa ngokuba squib. Ezi, umzekelo, i-mkhanya "Hogwarts" Argus Filch okanye ummelwane Harry Arabella Figg. Njengoko ubona, umlingo kunemithetho belifa, kodwa ufuzo uchaze amagqwirha kutheni abanye bazalelwe okanye oosiyazi, ngoxa abanye abanawo amandla omlingo?

Yiyo lo mbuzo ndagqiba ekubeni ndifunde Eric Span - oncedisayo unjingalwazi of biology e Duke University e North Carolina, nto leyo yabamba inkomfa kulo mba.

zofuzo sofuzo

Genetics uyakwazi ukunika iimpendulo kwimibuzo emininzi kwihlabathi omlingo of "uHarry uMbumbi", hayi nje ukuba achaze magic amaqhawe zakhe. Umzekelo, iinwele umbala Weasley usapho ungachaza imizila yemfuza. iinwele Red ibangelwa kuguquka kwi sofuzo MC1R. Nangona kunjalo, olu phawu sofuzo, oko kukuthi kuziveza kuphela kwimeko apho uguquko ekhoyo zombini iisethi DNA, nto leyo njengelifa umntwana. Njengoko Arthur and Molli Uizli ebomvu, abantwana babo ilifa iikopi ezimbini izakhi zofuzo yaye naye wazalelwa kunye iinwele ezibomvu.

Noko ke, kule imeko lokugqibela movie yokugqibela, "Harry uMbumbi kunye ibulalayo Lwazo: Icandelo 2", siyabona ukuba Lily - intombi abaselula Harry kunye UGinny - njengoko iinwele ezibomvu, nangona bathe baba mnyama, uHarry. Oku kuthetha ukuba Harry ilifa ikopi ukuguquka ukusuka kumama wakhe, naye ebomvu, wayinika intombi yakhe. Nangona yokuba Harry ukuba ilifa ukusuka kumama wakhe sofuzo ukuba iinwele ezibomvu, yena wazalwa iinwele wethunzi uyise uYakobi akazange abe oku kuguquka. Ngoko ke, lo sofuzo babonakaliswa kuphela intombi ka-Harry kunye UGinny.

izakhi sazaliseka

Ingaba sofuzo magic naye sofuzo, njengoko kunjalo iinwele ezibomvu? Ngokutsho kwindoda, Hagrid - wehlathi kwi "Hogwarts" - kukhomba ukuba akunjalo. I Giants abanawo amandla zobugqi, yaye Hagrid wazalwa usapho umama kunye nesigebenga wizard nguyise. Ngoko ke, lo ikopi kuphela magic zofuzo uphume nguyise kuye, njalo yena lisalawula, hayi sofuzo.

iimpawu autosomal

Lo mzekelo kubonakala ukuba wayebhekisela kwinto yokuba amagunya imilingo neyayanyaniswa Y-chromosome, oko kukuthi i-gene magic kufuneka badlula DNA katata (iimazi kufuneka ezimbini X zofuzo, kanti amaduna enye X kunye Y- zofuzo). Kunjalo, Seamus Finnigan uyise yaba Muggle kunye nomama wakhe igqwirha, ngoko amandla bakhe bomlingo ayikwazi zinokusasazwa nge-Y-chromosome. Ngokutsho Span wenza ubuchule autosomal zobugqi, loo nto ezinxulumene neempawu zesini. Ngaloo ndlela, sinokugqiba ukuba sofuzo umlingo autosomal ebalaseleyo.

kwezakhi Random

Ibiya kuthetha ukuba yonke into ilula, kodwa ukuba intsapho ukuvela Muggle nakoosiyazi? Xa olu phawu lubalaseleyo, ngoko apho benza umlingo Hermione, ngokuba yena igqwirha yokuqala entsatsheni? Hermione umzekelo kwezakhi de Novo, ebonakala okokuqala ngenxa utshintsho iqanda okanye amadlozi, okanye ngaphakathi ndiseyimbumba emva kokukhulelwa. Kwaye olu hlobo uguquko aqheleka kakhulu ebomini.

Ezo izakhi zofuzo ungachaza indlela intsapho oosiyazi ezimbini azalwe squib. Ukuba sofuzo magic lusebenza kakuhle, loo nto idala uhlobo oluthile protini. Phenotype, okanye iimpawu obonakalayo ezivela kule yomsebenzi amandla omlingo. Kodwa ukuba le olusetyenziswayo gene (Span ecetywayo kumbiza kuguquka Squib), kukho olunye uhlobo protein ukuba liyitshintshe sofuzo ngomlingo. Ukuba DNA komzali ithwala kuguquka ikopi SQUIB, oko Uyakwazi ukukhubaza neprothini zomlingo esisenokuba akayi kuvumela umntwana ukuphuhlisa ubuchule ngomlingo.

Ngokufanayo, izazinzulu ngoku ungatshintsha zofuzo izibawu iziqhamo, ebhekisela ukusetyenziswa imikhwa ilifa ngokubanzi, kunokuba zofuzo umlingo, njengoko kuchaziwe yi Dr. Span.

Yintoni ebonisa ukuba amandla nezazi

Kodwa kukho omnye umbuzo: kutheni ezinye amagqwirha kunye oosiyazi zithathwa enamandla ngaphezu enye? Ngaba sikubiza lo mntu ukwahlukahlukana ubuchule omlingo? Kwaye nokuba uyakwazi ukuchaza yemfuza? Izazinzulu anditsho ngokwenene.

Masithi umntwana kabani abazali "ngaske" ukukhula. Umntwana uya kulidla ilifa, kodwa oko akuthethi ukuba uza kudlala ngempumelelo yomnyazi. Ngenxa yoko, ufuzo akusosiqinisekiso ubuchule ezibalaseleyo. Ulwazi kunye namandla Hermione, kwakunye nokukwazi ukuba Weasley ayikho ixhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kwi yemfuza.

Ekupheleni kwale nkomfa omnye nxaxheba wabuza uGqirha Span koko, ngokwembono yakhe, i-Faculty of wayeza kuthumela "Ukuhlela Hat". "Xa 100% ngo" Slytherin, "okanye, njengoko beyibiza loo nto," uLawulo "," - wathi Span.