Gaz-3309: technical iinkcukacha, ncomo, amaxabiso, iifoto

Gorky yemoto sisityalo - enye abavelisi lukhulu iimoto abakhweli kunye nezithuthi ezikhulu zezorhwebo eRashiya. Ngexesha amaxesha Soviet, wakhulula imifuziselo iimoto ezininzi medium of, phakathi leyo i ndingaz-53. ezihlangwini zakhe 90 baba imodeli 3307 kwaye inguqulelo yawo-diesel 3309. Namhlanje sijonga yintoni na ndingaz-3309 iinkcukacha, uyilo, ixabiso ingaphakathi avareji.

design

"Ngokobuhlanga" diesel "ingca" into enzima phantse ukusuka yayo imbonakalo ipetroli unguwabo. Umahluko phakathi kwabo nje phambi ugwebu-tube (GAZ-3309), nto leyo yenzeka ecaleni ukwesona kunye cab window intsika. Ngokusebenzisa le ngxenye diesel truck ukuba boyise iingozi zamanzi zinzulu njengoko umoya injini kwaba kanye ngenxa yale kumbhobho, leyo xa ukuphakama kuyimitha-2. Plus - amavili enkulu kunye yokususwa emhlabeni. Njengoko ubona kulo photo, ndingaz-3309 ngemilinganiselo yanamhlanje design kakhulu obungqongqo. Noko ke, njengoko batshovo nabaqhubi ezininzi, iilori kuqala ngokwezalathi ezibalulekileyo zobugcisa: ukuba umatshini iya kuvelisa ingeniso yokwenene, inkangeleko yayo iya kuhamba ecaleni kwendlela.

endlwaneni Construction ezihlangwini yama-53 "ingca" Oku ayikatshintshi. Le lori has zonke izibane ngeenxa enye, bumper ekulula ukuwubona intsimbi, i hood side futhi Classic footrest otyhidiweyo, leyo lula umendo ikhabhathi yomqhubi.

Xa nokubuyekezwa, uyilo ndlwana 3309 th-"ingca" iimpazamo ezininzi. Phakathi kwabo, ingxaki engundoqo ingqalelo amaphiko, leyo ukurusa rhoqo. Kwakufuneka ukuphatha lokufaka okanye amaxwebhu amatsha uzaleke ukuba yonakele phezu ngesinyithi.

Ngelo xesha linye ngesivuno wahlala okukhulu kwaye womelele njengangaphambili. Ngenxa Ebubanzini enkulu intsimbi wakwazi ukumelana umkhosi ukuya kwiitoni eziliqela. Lo mqhubi ngokuqinisekileyo Ungalungisa intambo kwenye emingxunyeni ezibini ngesivuno iplagi imoto nakweyiphi nomgxobhozo bemlandela. Nangona kunjalo, i-diesel 'ingca "Oku ongazanga wanamathela kwimimandla ezinzulu isiqabu, kunye neemfuno rhoqo akayi mfutho.

ingaphakathi

Xa sithelekisa zokuzilungisa 53 3309 kwaye i "nengca" yesibini, le yokugqibela ngokuphawulekayo wasondela phambili lula zabo kunye noyilo. Umahluko ephambili kuxhomekeke kusetyenziso kwiindawo zeplastiki. Ngelo xesha linye GAS-53 ngaphakathi kwakukho izinto ubukhulu becala eqaqambileyo bubuhle, uquka iqela lenjongo ethile isixhobo ngokwayo. Isantya, tachometer kunye nezinye iinkcukacha ulwazi kuhlala isimbo nendala. Eli gumbi isikhuseli kwakhona kwenziwa kunye neziciko zeplastiki. Ivili kwi "ingca" - dvuhspitsevy. Njengoko ngaphambili, bekunjalo enobubanzi elikhulu kunene. Okumangalisayo kukuba, inguqulelo idizili emotweni ukusuka mveliso unomsebenzi steering ngamandla. Ngelo xesha, amandla esungulayo yayinqabile zifakelwe kuphela xa i "ingca" 66th kunye yeetoni KamAZ.

Umgangatho ngaphakathi agudileyo, efana imodeli-53. Phakathi kwezinye utshintsho, kufanele kuphawulwe ilungiselelo elitsha lezihlalo. Ngoku, endaweni ebanzi "isofa" ilori esiqinileyo yafakwa kunye nomqhubi labucala kunye isihlalo umkhweli. Hi ndlela leyi, isihlalo umqhubi iye ivele, kwaye inabasebenzi a backrest eyahlukileyo adjustable.

Nokuphola wezekhaya lehla ukususela ekuqaleni kule lori singathatha abakhweli-2. Kodwa zinezibonelelo yayo: Bulelani ukungabikho esinye isitulo ngonyuka landa isithuba ikhabhathi free.

Enye inxalenye encinane yotshintsho embindini na entofontofo omtsha laphu emnyango kunye kwipokotho elikhulu izinto.

Njengoko ubona kulo photo, ndingaz-3309 kwi indlela le 80s (njengoko waba ngowokuqala ndingaz-3307). Iinkcukacha Design advantageously emboxo. Ngenxa yoku, eli elingaphakathi imoto ngemilinganiselo yanamhlanje kubonakala lixesha kakhulu.

Into yokugqibela kunye ibalulekileyo ekuphuculeni-moya lowo ubushushu bayo thermal kunye nesandi, apho 53 "iiloni" wayengekho emehlweni. Ngaphakathi yaba ngaphantsi kakhulu ingxolo ngaphandle ingxolo evela injini. A endlwaneni ebusika hayi ngokukhawuleza kangaka bhuxe. Nangona amandla esitovini alanele ukufudumeza ingaphakathi kwi ingqele ebusika.

Gaz-3309: ezizodwa zobugcisa

Iinguqulelo "ingca" yokuqala diesel akhululwa ngo-1992. Ngelo xesha, i swa wehla iibhetshi eziliqela iilori baxhotyiswe Japanese 136-enjini injini Hino. Kungekudala emva projekthi Uyekile ukuba isiphumo. Xa 95 ukuya 'iiloni "Kwakumi iinjini turbocharged inkqubo entsha air-okupholisa GAS-5441-10. Umthamo iyonke motor emalunga 122 enjini. Ngaloo umthamo wayo yokusebenza wayelingana iilitha 4,75. Ngaxeshanye kunye imodeli 3309 kwi '90 kokuba ukhuphe loyamano 4301. Yaba akukho kwahluka oluqhelekileyo diesel "nengca", ngaphandle ubude emzimbeni (3.85 eemitha endaweni 3.7), kwaye icwangcisa powertrain. Le lori yafakwa nge injini-itankana ezintandathu ukuya kwezingama-6.2. imoto amandla yaba 125 enjini. Kodwa akazange kuphela ifakwe kwi-sharing 90 kwi "nengca" injini.

Gaz-3309 kwakhona mayixhotyiswe injini diesel kunye ilungiselelo Austria-line cylinder kunye nenkqubo olupholisa emoyeni. umthamo zayo zokusebenza kwaba 3.2 yeelitha, kunye namandla ifikelele 150 enjini. Eyona ethile iphambili yale nkqubo isimiso yi maintainability kahle. Emva kokuba run amawaka 200 km, le injini abekho phantsi wokulungisa enkulu. Kwangaxeshanye, Iimoto zasekhaya emva uyadika unit and fix piston unokuphinda ukuya 'edabini ".

Gaz Kusekwe imvuselelo

Amaxesha kakhulu nzima ukuba "ingca," bafika ngo-1998, lo unyaka. Oko ngeli xesha, imfuno kwiilori zasekhaya wawa kumanqanaba asezantsi kakhulu. Isizathu sokuba oku ngokuwa iifama nemibutho, phantsi apho, eneneni, ezenzelwe le moto. Kuba kwimveliso yezityalo Gorky iilori yedizili sele bebonke. Ngethamsanqa, sagcina kuphela ngonyaka, kwaye sele imveliso eyi-99 ka 'ingca "iye resuscitated.

1999 waba unyaka wenguquko ukuba inqwelo ndingaz-3309. iimpawu zobugcisa imoto ibe ngcono kubulela kakhulu ukuya injini entsha Minsk MMZ D-245.7. I-injini waba eliphantsi amafutha kunye nemveliso ephakamileyo. Le yunithi kwakhona imvelaphi inyuselwa khona iilori ZIL "Bull" kunye ndingaz-3309 lori. I-D-245 iye othandwa kakhulu eRashiya. Wayethandwa ngokukhawuleza ngenxa maintainability ophezulu, ukusebenza kunye amafutha emangazayo. Ngaba iinxalenye wexabiso onga. Gaz-3309 ungalungiseka phantse entsimini phambi iseti ubuncinane izixhobo kunye abaza kuzisebenzisa. Kaloku, ukuze bafumane iindawo eziyimfuneko umatshini onjalo ayisebenzi na emaphandleni Russian. Ngaphezu koko, ukukhanda ndingaz-3309 bakwazi ukwenza nawuphi na umqhubi owazi ngisho yokuzenzisa design isigadla.

yokugcina yokulungiswa

Xa ukuqhubeka incoko malunga injini, siphawula ukuba 2000, iinjineli Gorky kaThixo naphaya imoto Minsk phantsi umgangatho lokusingqongileyo "Euro-2". Noko ke, ekupheleni kowama-2000, imveliso 'nengca "kunciphe. Kwakutheni ukuze kwenzeke oku, siza kuthetha kamva, kodwa ngoku - ulwazi malunga ukusetyenziswa kukudla srednetonnazhnika zasekhaya.

umnotho

Abaqhubi abaninzi badumise diesel "ingca" kuqoqosho lwabo. On ipaspoti Umatshini data lutyabula malunga ne-14 eelitha zamafutha kweekhilomitha ezili-100 nganye. Kodwa practice, amanani musa dibanisa ukuya data lomenzi. Enyanisweni, lo amafutha yokwenene le diesel "ingca" sivela neelitha-16 ukuya kuma-20. Kodwa oku, ngokutsho ngabaqhubi, a inkomba ngokwaneleyo of "ukutya".

Kuba kuthelekiswa, esilishumayelayo data ekusetyenzisweni ngendlela efanayo ipetroli ilori ndingaz-3307. Ehlotyeni, imoto lutyabula malunga 27 eelitha zamafutha. Kulo mzekelo, ubusika ukusetyenziswa baso kwavusa iilitha ezingama-30. Kwaye oku nangona petrol "ingca" lixhotyiswe isiBeki zaphuculwa K-135 kunye inertial air-oil filter.

malunga gearbox

Njengoko kuba powertrain, ndingaz-3309 "diesel" yafakwa kunye kwindawo enye yonke iminyaka engama-20 ikho. Kuyinto mechanical gearbox 5 isantya-. Phela, ukujikeleza kwalo usuke ukuba zithe zazotywa kwi gearshift kwaye ngaphambili (embindini izitikha ezincinane).

Kutheni ukuwa kwemfuno "lawn"?

Ukuba sicinga umba nangengqwalasela enkulu, imfuno ephantsi "ingca" ngenxa yezizathu eziliqela. Okokuqala, yinto design eziphelelwe lixesha. Eneneni, emva kweminyaka engaphezu kwama-20, lo moya kunye nokumila umzimba akatshintshi. Okwesibini, i "nengca" of iimpawu zobuso babo ngenene asihambelani kwimarike yezothutho yanamhlanje. Okwangoku bebalulekile umthamo encinane, iyenoqoqosho (ngokwemiqathango kwikompatimenti imithwalo) imoto. Kule nkalo, ndingaz kuhle ukufumana umfuziselo "Valdai". Okwesithathu, le intuthuzelo yomqhubi. Kule minyaka ingama-80 kule automakers nje wacinga. Namhlanje, intuthuzelo yinto ebalulekileyo nezichaphazela ukuthandwa weloli.

iindleko

Ngenxa yokuba ngoku ndingaz-3309 "diesel" phantse akukho isidingo entsimini kwezithuthi, ixabiso layo liye siwile kakhulu. Kwimarike lesibini ixabiso ilori uvela iidola-1 ukuya 2.5 million. Izilungiso ezinjalo ndingaz-3309 truck, zingathengwa ngenxa 4-5 amawaka eerandi. Ixabiso ikakhulu ixhomekeke unyaka kunye nemeko zobugcisa emotweni.

Ngoko ke, sibonile ukuba yeyiphi na ndingaz-3309 iinkcukacha, uyilo kunye nexabiso.