FGR - ntoni na? ukukhula foetal zigule syndrome

Uxilongo "FGR" oogqirha bamfaka bonke abantwana bazalwa kunye ukuswela ubunzima bomzimba xa kuthelekiswa neminyaka yabo sokukhulelwa. Malunga esi sifo, abafazi abaninzi ufumanise ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Ukususela mathiriyeli kweli nqaku, uza kufumana ntoni na iimpawu ze onaso sikhatshwa nokubambezeleka Palsy, kutheni kwenzeka.

FGR - ntoni na?

Ukukhubazeka syndrome Uphuhliso ungakanani (IUGR) - a ngezifo esibonakala ubukhulu lag nosana yeenqobo avareji ibhalwe iqhelekile ixesha elithile yokukhulelwa. ERashiya, ukwanda kwesi sifo isusela ukususela-5 ukuya kwi-18%. Imilinganiso ezincinane umntwana ayisoloko akhombe kule syndrome. Malunga ne-70% abantwana abaye babe esi sifo, ngemvelo yabo ubunzima encinane ubekwe. Zinelungelo unina okanye uyise inokuba yayimfutshane ngesithomo. Ngaphezulu, kufuneka ibe isini (ababhinqileyo idla ngaphantsi kwe-5% amakhwenkwe ukuba bamalunga nama-200 g) kunye nobuhlanga.

Njengoko umthetho, urhulumente labuyisela usana kunyaka wabo wokuqala bezelwe. Yena yande ubunzima nokuba ukuphakama, masisondele izikhombisi eqhelekileyo. Xa kuqinisekiswa ugqirha sifo iba sizathu siphambili sokuba ukuqhwalela kuphuhliso umntwana, oko kuchaphazela impilo kunye nomgangatho wobomi kugqalwa unyango oluntsonkothileyo ekhethekileyo.

Ukwahlula iintlobo ezimbini FGR: twatsa kunye yezi zinto. ukhetho ngamnye iimpawu zayo iimpawu zophendlo lwezifo. Phezu kwabo kuya kuxoxwa kamva kweli nqaku.

Azilingani shape FGR

Pathology ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka ngexesha ezintathu yesibini kwaye lubonakala ngokobunzima nokuqhwalela foetal kwi kukuhluma okuqhelekileyo. Umntwana ningatyhafi kuphuhliso nezihlunu esisu kunye nesifuba. maxa wambi yezi FGR luphawulwa ngokwenza i iinkqubo ezingalinganiyo ilungu lwangaphakathi. Xa engekho unyango ngexesha kunciphisa ubungakanani zentloko usana kunye ukuqhwalela kuphuhliso yobuchopho inokubangela ukufa kwakhe.

Imilo ziyalingana of FGR

Le ngezifo iphawulwa ukuhla bulingane nobukhulu emzimbeni yomntwana xa kuthelekiswa amaxabiso avareji ubudala ethile sokukhulelwa. Oku kudla yafunyanwa ezintathu yesibini. Imilo macala ze onaso kwiimeko ezininzi ngenxa yokuba usuleleko intrauterine yosana olungekazalwa, ukungaqheleki chromosomal. Abantwana nalo unesifo bazalwa kunye nophuhliso sinesiphene inkqubo luvo.

Eyona eziphambili ezibangela izifo

Umntwana azalwe encinane ngenxa yezizathu eziliqela. Asimele ngaphandle yokuba kuba isici nokomzimba. Ukukhula aphantsi wosana ilifa kubazali babo. Noko ke, kule meko ugqirha kwafunyaniswa ukuba "abazizidalwa syndrome umbungu." Ukuba emva kokuzalwa omzimba womntwana ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo, yaye ingqondo zayo kunxibelelana izithethe, kufuneka unyango oluthile.

Oogqirha bahlule izinto ezithile IUGR, nto leyo inokukhokelela hypoxia yaye ebunayo ukukhulelwa. ukulibaziseka kokuphuhla iqatshelwe mzekelo, ukuba umntwana osesiswini esizalweni akafumani ioksijini kunye nezakhi kuyimfuneko. Ngaphandle kwabo ke akunakwenzeka ukuba ukuqalisa ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo yinxalenye eziphilayo.

Ukunciphisa inani izinto ezingenayo oko kunokubangelwa zizinto ezininzi:

1. iingxaki Placental. Eli ziko lijongene zokuthuthwa ioksijini kwimveku esibelekweni. Ukuba umkhaya gqitha, kusenokungabi ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo.
2. Pathology kwemisebenzi ngamalungu lwangaphakathi oomama elizayo (uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, ianemia, isifo sentliziyo kunye iphecana zokuphefumla, diabetes).
3. Uphuhliso kwimveku indima ekhethekileyo omelwe ukwenziwa iseti chromosome, lowo wamkela kubazali bakhe.
4. Wazo. Uninzi umsi sex efanelekileyo kunye nomnikelo utywala. imikhwa emibi, umfazi nokuba wala nje kokuba akheke kungabangela IUGR ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
5. Oogqirha njalo uxelelwa ukuba umfazi okwimeko ukuba ube khona nje emibini. It ngokwenene. Itye okanye ukuhla elibukhali umthamo caloric ukuze esilimaza umntwana. Ukuba umbungu akanayo izondlo ngokwaneleyo, oko kuqala ukuba kude umzimba sikanina. Zokutya for ezimbini akuthethi ukuba kufuneka ukuba udle konke. Yokudla kufuneka ulungelelaniswe, Ayifaki kweemveliso luncedo. Ngexesha lokukhulelwa kufuneka ukoyika ngcono na, ukuba ahlale phezu ukutya engqongqo akuvumelekanga ngokungqongqo.
6. Imithi. Ukusuka amayeza ngexesha ethwele umntwana kufuneka zilahlwe. Thatha amayeza kuphela iingcebiso ngugqirha, xa nto ngakumbi ayikwazi ukuncedwa.
7. Watshintshelwa ngexesha lokukhulelwa, uhlobo esosulelayo isifo (rubella, toxoplasmosis, negcushuwa) lingamnqumamisa uphuhliso olungekazalwa. Kungenxa yoko le nto oogqirha bayacetyiswa ngamandla ukuba ukugonyelwa kakuhle ngaphambi kokuba akhulelwe usana.
8. FGR 2 degrees bahlala bebeka nabafazi abahlala kwiindawo ngokugabadelayo. Kule mimandla, xi phezulu, kwaye oku kukhokelela hypoxia kwi kwimveku kwaye ukuqhubekela phambili kwayo.

ukuqatshelwa kwangexesha ezibangela le syndrome kunye nokupheliswa kwayo okwalandela ukuvumela ugqirha ukuba ukukhetha unyango olusebenzayo.

Ziziphi iimpawu zibonisa abazizidalwa syndrome Palsy?

Lo mfanekiso kwezonyango kwesi sifo sidla zingacimeka. Umsolwa isifo enjalo wena abakhulelweyo akunakwenzeka ukuba. esweni kuphela rhoqo yi ugqirha ngaphezu ezisithoba iinyanga ityhila ingxaki ngexesha elifanelekileyo.

Abanye abantu bakholelwa ukuba xa umfazi ngexesha lokukhulelwa, omncinane babawa ubunzima, mhlawumbi, isiqhamo ubukhulu encinane. Oku kuyinyaniso, kodwa olunqabileyo yinyaniso. Xa unina entsha okhulelweyo ukulawula ukutya ngemihla ka-1500 kcal ukudla unomdla, amathuba isahlakalo IUGR umbungu phezulu ngokwaneleyo. Kwelinye icala, xa kukuvela sifo akufunekanga ngaphandle kwabo bafazi abaye ukwanda elibi ubunzima.

A uphawu ecacileyo sifo kuthathwa iintshukumo enqabileyo nelidangeleyo ezingekazalwa. iimpawu ezinjalo kufuneka yokulumkisa zingabangelwa ukuba ukuthunyelwa olungxamisekileyo ukuya yincutshe.

Yeemviwo abazizidalwa ngokukhula foetal

Ukuba ukrokrela uphuhliso zophendlo lwezifo zikaGqirha zosana bangazisa ukungangqinelani ubude phakathi ixabiso fundus zesibeleko kunye namanyathelo olawulo, ngqo kwesi sigaba ukukhulelwa. Uxilongo inokuthenjwa kucingelwa ukuba ube mnye ultrasound ezingekazalwa, apho iingcali ziqikelela ubukhulu kunye nobunzima baso. Ukongeza, encediswa ultrasound uyakwazi ukubona ubume izibilini lweenkqubo mntwana.

Doppler kwakhona ezimiselweyo IUGR okusolwayo. Yintoni na? Olu phando olwenziwe ukuvavanya igazi flow kwi iimpahla zomntwana kunye ngumkhaya. Enye indlela ebalulekileyo zokufumanis umbungu igqalwa cardiotocography (uphando yomntanakhe). Xa izinga intliziyo eziqhelekileyo nemiqulu ibetha nama-120 ukuya 160 ngomzuzu. Xa usana esizalweni uswele ioksijini, intliziyo yakhe ngokuthe ngcembe uba rhoqo ngakumbi.

Ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo zoviwo, ugqirha angakwazi ukuqinisekisa uxilongo aqingqa nobungozi besi sifo.

• degree FGR 1st kuthathwa ukuba ilula, iphawulwa ukuqhwalela kuphuhliso lwe-avareji data anthropometric iiveki ezimbini.
• FGR degrees 2 ukutenxa ezahlukeneyo ukusuka izalathisi zomgangatho kwisithuba seeveki ezimbini ukuya kwezine.
• Eyona nto inzima liqondo yesithathu IUGR. Izalathi si zokunikwa ubukhulu kunye nobunzima wosana esibelekweni akuthethi ukukhawulelana nemigangatho ngaphezu kweeveki ezine. Kwiimeko ezininzi 3 FGR ikhokelela izidanga ngokunyamalala Palsy.

ayini

Kuba unyango kule sifo lisetyenziswa nokubeleka nasinye isixhobo esikhulu iziyobisi ezilungiselelwe normalizing ukuhamba kwegazi uteroplacental.

1. Tokoliticheskogo ukukhulula isibeleko ( "ginipral", "papaverine").
2. Amalungiselelo ukuba kuqheleke yokucolwa kwi esiqwini ( "Curantil", "Aktovegin").
3. Nokubandakanywa therapy ngokusebenzisa izisombululo glucose nawethutyana, negazi ,.
4. Vitamin therapy.

Yonke imithi lalathelwe ixesha elide kunye esweni lomgadi imeko olungekazalwa.

ingqalelo ekhethekileyo ihlawulwa unyango lwe FGR isondlo ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Yokudla kumelwe kuhambe kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Ayikhuthazwa ukwayama iimveliso ezithile. Udle yonke into. Ngaba ngaphandle inyama kunye neemveliso zobisi, ekubeni ziqulethe izixa ezikhulu protein yezilwanyana. Oku kulapho isiphelo ukukhulelwa kwandisa imfuneko malunga nama-50%. Kubalulekile ukuba ukulibala ukuba njongo ingundoqo unyango - hayi ukuba fatten umntwana ukunika kuye nokukhula eyiyo kunye nophuhliso ivumelane.

nazo abasetyhini abakhulelweyo Kucetyiswa ukuba nithathe yonke imihla, nokuzola ngokweemvakalelo. Ngokwemveli, ubuthongo emva kwemini kwamnceda nje kuphela kwi imeko oomama elizayo, kodwa umntwana osesiswini esizalweni.

care kwangaphambi ku FGR

Emva kokungqina, uxilongo lokugqibela maternity elizayo ifuna esweni rhoqo ziingcali. Ultrasound onyule kungabi ngaphantsi kwe kabini ngenyanga. uphando oluneenkcukacha edingekayo ukuze kuchongwe komzimba womntwana kunye esinamadlala ezinokubangela ulibaziseko. Kananjalo oomama abatsha elizayo eyabelwe inkqubo amniocentesis yokuhlola ezingaqhelekanga chromosomal, ukuba isifo zabonwa ultrasound.

Enoba yintoni eyayiphembelela kokuvela IUGR, imiphumela umntwana abe vuhlayiseki. Kuba umfazi yabo zothintelo kufuneka bangenele iimviwo ultrasound rhoqo kwiiveki ezimbini. Kuyimfuneko ukuba ukuhlola ubungakanani olungekazalwa awuthathayo yayo.

Xa umfazi kwiveki yama-37, oogqirha ngokuqhelekileyo athathe isigqibo eyenza umsebenzi. Kude kube ngoko, ulawulo ukukhulelwa kuxhomekeke kwimeko kwiimvuthuluka ngaphakathi esibelekweni. Ukuba wasetyhini uneempawu yokukhulelwa, oogqirha isigqibo sokuzalwa kwexesha.

iingxaki kunokwenzeka kunye neziphumo

Abantwana nalo syndrome badla ukulungisa iingxaki ezinkulu, hayi nje kuphela ebomini ezingekazalwa, kodwa emva kokuzalwa. The degree of risk kuxhomekeke oonobangela zenkqubo lwezidumbu, namandla aso kunye ekuqaleni kwexesha. Ngokutsho manani, ubukho iingxaki kakhulu abo bantwana zabo ubunzima ekuzalweni ingaphantsi kwe-1 kg.

Ngenxa yokuba kwimveku kunye syndrome oksijini kunye nezakhi kuza kunyuswa enganelanga, abantwana abanjalo ukuze azalwe selefile. bavame ukuba abakwazi ukumelana uxinzelelo kwi kokuzalwa-inimba, ngoko oogqirha ngokuqhelekileyo isigqibo kwicandelo ngoqhaqho.

Xa abantwana bazalwa kunye IUGR, imiphumo esi sifo echaphazela ngqo umsebenzi yeenkqubo eziphambili ilungu lwangaphakathi. Ludla zenzeka hypoglycemia, ukumelana kakuhle ukuba ungenwe lula zizifo. Zezi othambekele senyongo kunye meconium njengeminqweno yoluntu, oko kukuthi inhalation endleni yokuqala.

Ukuba oogqirha ukuxilonga FGR degrees-2, imiphumo sifo phantse akunakwenzeka ukuba ibone. umgangatho ukuphila komntwana kwindawo yokuqala kuxhomekeke nezizathu ezikwiingcambu onaso. Abanye abantwana ngokuthe ileqeka kunye noontanga babo kuphuhliso. Abanye baye iingxaki zempilo ezinzulu. Zabo ukutyeba ukuxilonga yokuqala, leyo kamva kukhokelela ukuphazamiseka intliziyo, isifo seswekile kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi.

amanyathelo othintelo

Musa ukushiya ngaphandle ingqalelo FGR. Yintoni na, siye sele kuthethiwe kubo. Ngaba ndiya nqanda ingenzeki?

Uthintelo intle FGR - advance isicwangciso lokukhulelwa. Ngaphambi kokuba akhulelwe umntwana abazali kufuneka kudlule uthotho lweemvavanyo ukunyanga izifo ezondeleyo. izifo ezikumalungu ukubola kwamazinyo kufuneka kubethwe ngoyaba.

Utyelelo qho ugqirha emva kobhaliso kwi lokukhulelwa zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuthintelweni IUGR. I ngaphambili ugqirha ufumana abanala makhwiniba, kungona amathuba ukuphelisa iingxaki eziyingozi kuphuhliso wosana ngethuba lokukhulelwa emva kokuzalwa.

abafazi abakhulelweyo kufuneka uthathe unonophelo indlela yomsebenzi kunye ukuphumla. A ubuthongo epheleleyo kufuneka ungabi ngaphantsi kweeyure ezingama-10 ngalinye ixesha kunye neeyure ubusuku emini 2. Ukuba ulala emva kwemini awukwazi, unako ukuthenga ixesha kulala phantsi ngokuxwesileyo. NAPS inceda bunjani igazi ejikeleza phakathi komntwana kunye nonina, ukuphuculwa izithuthi kwezondlo.

Ukuhamba umoya omtsha, ukutya okunazo ukuzilolonga - ngenkqubo yokuthintelwa enkulu IUGR. Kuthetha ukuthini? Ibhinqa adle kuphela ukudla okunempilo aneevithamini siphande izinto. Amanye amagqirha bacebisa ladies ukudla carbohydrate, njengoko ezi izinto uzixolise ukuba ukhulelwe kwaye Umbungu ngaphakathi esiswini. Ngokuphathelele umba umsebenzi ngokwasemzimbeni, isicombululo ugqibelele yoga, kuqubha echibini.

ukukhubazeka Uphuhliso syndrome umbungu - ayikho isigwebo sokufa abazali bamlindele ngothakazelelo imbonakalo wosana. A indima enkulu unyango lwesi sifo bobabo ukufaneleka kwesifo. Noko ke, ukuzimisela kwalo akukho sizathu ukushiya umntwana. Akukho imiqobo elolo hlobo, ukuba abazali abanothando asikwazi ukoyisa. Ingakumbi xa kuziwa ekubeni ulonwabo lokwenene koomama.