Ezanyisayo - i-odolo ze ezanyisayo .... uhlobo mammalian

Izilwanyana okanye ezanyisayo - kuba yeyona kakhulu amalungiselelo lomqolo. Ukuphuhliswa kwenkqubo luvo, ukondla amathole ngobisi, ukuzalwa live, ezifudumeleyo-bloodedness wabavumela ukuba ukusasaza ngokubanzi kulo lonke ihlabathi yaye sezineentlobo ngeentlobo zazo zokuhlala. Ezanyisayo - zizilwanyana ezihlala emahlathini (iihagu zasendle, amaxhama, imivundla, iimpungutye, iingcuka), ezintabeni (iigusha, iibhokhwe zasezintabeni), emaqeleni kunye semi-iintlango (nempuku, hamsters, oonomatse, neula SAIGA) emhlabeni (amabuzi kunye abamenzelayo) ezilwandle (dolphins, neminenga). Ezinye zazo (umz, amalulwane), uchitha ixesha lobomi babo esebenzayo emoyeni. Namhlanje siyazi ubukho abangaphezu kwe-4 amawaka iintlobo zezilwanyana. IMbasa ye ezanyisayo, kwakunye neempawu esilwanyana - konke oku kuya kuxoxwa ngazo kweli nqaku. Masiqalise kunye nengcaciso yesakhiwo.

isakhiwo sangaphandle

la malungu omzimba izilwanyana ligutyungelwe ngeenwele (zaso zibe bade yiminenga). Ukwahlula indawo ngqo iinwele (umqolo) ebhityileyo emajikojiko (Uboya). Ngenxa yongcoliseko kunye Uboya nokulahla likhusela umnqonqo. Iwulu cover mammalian inokuxabisa spine (umz, amaxhama), okanye Uboya (njengoko abamenzelayo). Ezi zilwanyana uphalaze ngamathuba athile. Xa ezanyisayo, apho loxinano yahluka uboya, yaye maxa wambi umbala. Isikhumba izilwanyana ke zoboya, ukubila kunye kwamadlala sebaceous nokulungalungiswa zabo (njengamasi kunye nobubovu odorous), izikali horny (ezifana ngomsila beaver kunye neempuku), kunye nezinye uphondo Ukwakheka ezenzeka eluswini (iimpondo, neempuphu, izikhonkwane, iinzipho). Ukuqwalasela isakhiwo ezanyisayo, siphawula ukuba imilenze ibekwe phantsi umzimba nokunika ezi zilwanyana intshukumo ugqibeleleyo.

skeleton

Ukhakhayi kubo kuphuhliswa ngamandla cranium. Xa ezanyisayo, amazinyo zibe semihlathini iiseli. Kaninzi zahlulwe iingcambu, canines kunye siphume. Umnqonqo wesibeleko ubunjwe phantse onke amarhamncwa ezisixhenxe omqolo. movably ukuba uqhagamshele omnye komnye, ngaphandle sacral ezimbini caudal, leyo kukhule ndawonye ukwenza sacrum - ithambo enye. Iimbambo sele ezigoba ukuba amathambo thoracic, apho kuvame ukusuka 12 ukuya 15. ezininzi ifomu forelimb ezanyisayo ibhanti yakudubula ngezibini kunye clavicle. Kuphela igcuntswana izilwanyana ezigcinwe amathambo inkuku. Isinqe iqulathe amathambo amabini zangasese ihlanganiswa le sacrum. nomlenze Amathambo - ezifana amathambo kunye namasebe, kwakunye nabanye abameli ekuyo ezine yemilenze.

Yintoni ezwayo ezanyisayo?

Ezanyisayo - zizilwanyana, beneendlebe ukunceda pick up amavumba, kwakunye ukugqiba kwabo. amehlo abo iinkophe kunye ngeenkophe. Kwi imilenze, isisu, intloko ibekwe intshebe - elide, ngoboya. Izilwanyana sebenzisa ukuba bazive nkqu kwebala incinane ukuya kwizifundo.

Imvelaphi ezanyisayo

Kunye neentaka, ezanyisayo - siyinzala ka-ezirhubuluzayo yamandulo. Oku kungqinwa kwihi zezilwanyana mihla izirhubuluzi mihla. Ngokukodwa, lubonakala xa nisaqala zophuhliso mbungu. ubungqina nnangaphezulu afana kwafumaneka kubo esanyisayo ezifana amacilikishe, extinct kwiminyaka emininzi eyadlulayo. Kwakhona ngokuba noFaro izirhubuluzi ngayo kukuba kukho izilwanyana ukubeka amaqanda eziqulathe ezininzi izondlo. Ezinye zezi zilwanyana kuba cloaca, amathambo unomyayi kuphuhliswa kunye nezinye iimpawu zokulumkisa lombutho ophantsi. Kumalunga yinotheria (iqanda-kokwakhiwa). Siya kukuxelela ngakumbi ngabo.

yinotheria

It is a subclass ezanyisayo abaninzi abangekaphuhli abaphila namhlanje. Kunye nale iimpawu sele kuchaziwe, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuba abanayo lobushushu emzimbeni rhoqo. yinotheria Mammary ndlala abe ingono. Young laqanduselwa evela amaqanda, wayimunca ubisi noboya sikanina.

Le monotremes - unit enye ime phandle kweli subclass. Oku kuquka Iintlobo-2: le echidna kunye platypus. Ezi zilwanyana ngoku ifumaneka e-Australia, kwaye iziqithi ezikufutshane kuyo. Platypus - naphakathi isilwanyana. Ukhetha ukuba aphile phezu kweendonga zemilambo apha kuyimpilo nezo zihlala emhlabeni nasemanzini. Umngxuma wemba ibe eweni, uchitha ixesha elininzi. Platypus spring izala amaqanda (zisoloko ezimbini) emngxunyeni ekhethekileyo, egumbini yokwakha ngokwaneleyo. Zake - izilwanyana emgodini. lomzimba wambu ngewulu tight ziinaliti. Iimazi yezi zilwanyana kwakulele yeqanda, leyo ifakwe kwingxowa - likriwa yesikhumba, ibekwe kwi esiswini. Amantshontsho, laqanduselwa kulo, kude engxoweni kude umzimba aliveli naliti.

marsupials

Izilwanyana ziquka marsupials ngamava abo kuzala ubuntwana oselula ngoko unxiba nabo engxoweni ekhethekileyo. ayikaqondwa Bona luyaphuhliswa okanye hayi ngumkhaya yenziwe. Marsupials kwaqhenqetha kakhulu Australia, kwakunye kwiziqithi ezikufutshane kuyo. Eyona idumileyo - le amatakane Bear (koala) kunye kangaroos ezinkulu.

ezidla

Insectivorous - iyunithi ehlanganisa izilwanyana placental abangekaphuhli yamandulo: neencanda, shrews, abamenzelayo, muskrats. Ungayibophi side kwabo, abe nokuchaza nkawu evuthelweyo. Amazinyo insectivorous amancinci, iinyawo zabo mivo ezintlanu. Uninzi lwabo kufutshane ingcambu ngomsila okanye emacaleni omzimba namadlala odorous.

Shrew - abameli zincinane izinambuzane. Ke ukuhlala kwimihlaba enengca ende, amatyholo, amahlathi ashinyeneyo. Ezi zidalwa zidla nezilwanyana ezincinane ukuhlasela. Ngexesha lasebusika, ukuba ehlahla lihamba ekhephini ukufumana izinambuzane.

Abamenzelayo - izilwanyana, aphile yokuphila komhlaba. Bathe bagqobhozela ngemilenze yabo yangaphambili imingxuma ezininzi. Xa amehlo adla xa abalufumani kuphuhliswa kwaye amachaphaza abamnyama. Ebuntwaneni ke ngeendlebe. Mfutshane ingubo enkulu na indlela ethile kwaye ingena snugly emzimbeni xa ihamba. Abamenzelayo zivuliwe unyaka wonke.

cheiroptera

Kwecala Amalulwane Amalulwane okanye kuquka kumalungu ayo izilwanyana ubukhulu eliphakathi kwaye amancinane, nto leyo bayakwazi moya bamxhasa. Xa efudumeleyo yamahlathi baninzi ngakumbi. Amazinyo yezi zilwanyana ezidla uhlobo. Avamise kakhulu kwilizwe plecotus Ithwathwa Izakhiwo lethu, vechornytsi. Abameli nasemalulwaneni bahlale kophahla yezindlu emigodini emithi, emiqolombeni. Emini ukuba ukhetha ukulala kwimikhukhu zabo, yaye ngongcwalazi beze ukunqakula izinambuzane.

iimpuku

Eli qela idibanisa yesithathu neentlobo zezidalwa ezincancisayo ezi kulo mhlaba namhlanje. Ezi ziquka iiproteni, oonomatse, iimpuku, iimpuku, kunye nezinye izilwanyana medium size kunye amancinane. Iimpuku ubukhulu becala - izilwanyana ezitya utyani. Baye basungula ngamandla siphume (in kwemihlathi nganye - ezimbini), imihlathi ukuba ihlafuna kumphezulu othe tyaba. Akukho Iingcambu siphume kweempuku. Bona ekhula rhoqo, ukuzilola isemzimbeni phantsi ngokudla ukutya. Uninzi iimpuku uye Amathumbu elide cecum. Iimpuku zibe imanioc (dormouse, oonomatse eziphaphazelayo, oonomatse), kwakunye (oonomatse emhlabeni, iimpuku, iimpuku) nezo zihlala emhlabeni nasemanzini (muskrat, nutria, beaver) kunye nezo-komhlaba. Oku izilwanyana awuzali. Uninzi lwabo beselula bazalwa uyimfama, uhamba ze. Oku kudla eyenzeka iindlwane, sizizifanya kunye nemingxuma.

lagomorphs

Eli qela lidibanisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeentaka, imivundla kunye pikas - izilwanyana, ezifana ngandlela abaninzi namabuzi. It is a తీసివేయి Susa inkalo ethile engundoqo lagomorphs. Baye mgawuli 2 ezincinane emva top 2 enkulu. Hare (nembila, nomvundla) uzondle amaxolo of imithana kunye nemithi abaselula, ingca. Baya kuphuma ukondla ukutshona kwelanga kunye ebusuku. Young bona bazalwa sighted, kunye uboya zamafu. Ngokungafaniyo iintaka, imivundla ukwemba imingxuma enzulu. Female ngaphambi kokuba azalwe ze, uyimfama abaselula kwenza njengendlu yentaka wehla, yena encothula esifubeni sakhe, ngokunjalo nesikhotha esomileyo.

ezidla

Abameli beli qela (amabhere, weasels, marten, ingqawa, iimpungutye, iimpungutye, iingcuka) ondle ngokuqhelekileyo iintaka nezinye izilwanyana. silwane kwabo amaxhoba karhataka ngenkuthalo ilandelelwe. Amazinyo yezi zilwanyana zahlulwe siphume, canines kunye zomthonyama. I aphuhlileyo kakhulu canines, kunye imihlathi-4. Abameli eli qela emathunjini elifutshane. Oku kungenxa yokuba esanyisayo yokuphanga ukutya ukutya lula ukutya eliphezulu-osidingayo.

pinnipeds

Sichubeka ukuba pinnipeds ingqalelo. abameli babo (walruses, iintini) - ezanyisayo ezinkulu karhataka zaselwandle. Kwaneenwele ezi umxhesho ontlakantlaka athile egubungele imizimba yazo abaninzi kubo. Bangamalungu ezi zilwanyana naguqulwe kancincane kwi mbuku. A ngomaleko omkhulu womhlaba ze amanqatha lifakwa phantsi kwesikhumba lwabo. Yempumlo avulwa kuphela ngexesha inhalation kunye nomphunga. Xa imingxuma indlebe yokuntywila zivaliwe.

cetacea

Ezi nezilwanyana zaselwandle - iminenga kunye dolphins - yinxalenye yale squad. Umzimba semilo iintlanzi-like zabo. Ezi nezilwanyana zolwandle ukuba becala akunyanzelekanga ukuba iinwele umzimba - Bagciniwe ngeenxa kuphela emlonyeni. Le emaphikweni buguquka ngemilenze kwaye su ndingekho. Ukuhanjiswa iintlanzi yi nomsila kubaluleke kakhulu onamandla, leyo iphela fin caudal. Kuphosakele athi marine ezanyisayo - iintlanzi. Ke zizilwanyana, nangona ngaphandle ziyafana iintlanzi. Abameli iintlanzi - ezanyisayo inkulu. Umnenga blue ayafika ubude obuziimitha ezingama-30.

artiodactyls

Kule yunithi iquka izilwanyana eliphakathi-ubungakanani kunye ezinkulu zezitya kunye herbivorous. Iinyawo zabo iminwe-2 okanye ka-4, eyona iimpuphu nesigqubuthelo. Ngokutsho iimpawu noshowo esiswini kunye nokutya iindlela yahlulwe non-ruminant kunye ruminant. Igosa elingumvi oyintloko (iigusha, iibhokhwe, ixhama) bathezi nguye kuphela emhlathini ezisezantsi imihlathi abanzi umphezulu ihlafuna. In non-ruminant olunye-gumbi isisu, kwaye amazinyo akhe bohlulwa iingcambu, canines kunye siphume.

solipeds

Siyaqhubeka ukuchaza amaqela ezincancisayo. Solipeds - ezi izilwanyana, zibe zifana namahashe, neqwarha, namaesile, tapirs, imikhombe. On iinyawo zabo uninzi lwabo sele iphuhliswe ngomnwe, apho kukho iimpuphu ezinkulu. Namhlanje, le yamahashe asinda kuphela ihashe Przewalski.

obeku-

Le ezanyisayo kuphuhliswa kakhulu kakhulu. Kwecala ibandakanya prosimians kunye neemfene. Bathi imilenze ebambayo elinemivo ezintlanu, nasesithupheni oluchasene kwabanye. Phantse zonke obeku- ube ngumsila wena. Uninzi lwabo bahlala efudumeleyo ndawo. Bona bahlala amahlathi, apho bahlala ngokwamaqela amancinane usapho okanye imihlambi.

Ezanyisayo, kwanezeentaka, nezezinambuzane, izilwanyana eziphila emhlabeni nasemanzini - yonke nguwuphi na kubo kuchazwe ixesha elide kakhulu. We kuphela ngokufutshane ukuchaza izilwanyana, wachaza iiyunithi ezikhoyo. Usapho ezanyisayo zahlukene kwaye zininzi, njengoko sesibonile. Ukwazana nalo, Siyathemba ukuba luncedo.