Engekazalwa Fetometry awu. ubungakanani Palsy neveki

kufuneka uqiniseke ukuba umntwana wakhe ukuphuhlisa ngokufanelekileyo nasiphi sikanina, akukho ezinxaxhileyo ezahlukeneyo kunye nokuhlukunyezwa. Ngoko ke, emva kokuba uviwo yokuqala ultrasound abasetyhini abakhulelweyo oyaziyo ingqiqo njengoko fetometry Umbungu awu ezinjalo. Ngenxa olu hlobo ultrasound uyakwazi ukubona ubungakanani amalungu omzimba ezingekazalwa, qiniseka ukuba ngokufanelekileyo oogqirha lokukhulelwa kwaye ubone ezinxaxhileyo kunokwenzeka nemiba yophuhliso umntwana.

Eyona Umsebenzi lo fetometry mbungu

1. Oogqirha kunye nonina okhulelweyo emva kwale ndlela uphando ukuqinisekisa izinga efanelekileyo zophuhliso ezingekazalwa, umzekelo, ukuba ukhankanye ubukhulu ndingekazalwa, leyo iiveki ezi-5.

2. Kwisithuba 20 iiveki, ungakhankanya besini wosana.

3. Ngenxa ultrasound yokuqala, uyakwazi ukubona i "uncumo yokuqala," usana lwakho kwaye yilungise ukuluvusa.

Iimpawu izalathisi eziphambili loxilongo

engekazalwa Fetometry awu ivumela iingcali ukuqinisekisa uphuhliso olufanelekileyo umntwana. Uviwo ultrasound wokuqala ezi mpawu zilandelayo:

- CTE (ubukhulu coccyx-Parietal) ekuso ixesha ezincinane zokukhulelwa, xa umbungu akakafiki ubukhulu 20-60 mm.

- BDP (ubukhulu biparietal) - inani enxulumene ezintathu yesibini yokukhulelwa, kwaye sinika ithuba lokuba ukwazi ubomi bakhe ukuya kwiintsuku ezili-10.

- DB (umlinganiselo ubude ethangeni) senza kwakhona kube lula ukuvavanya ixesha ukukhulelwa, kodwa ukuchaneka thile ngaphantsi - malunga neeveki ezimbini. Le nguqulelo lwe isifundo kusetyenziswa xa nomlinganiselo edlulileyo akunakwenzeka ukuba kuziswe ezikumgangatho eyanelisayo.

- OJ (umtya ojikeleyo esiswini) - iimpawu, leyo ijolise ukuba isifundo kwi Palsy. Kakade ke, kusenokwenzeka ngoku nomfanekiso abangakwaziyo elifutshane Kwangale yosana, isisu ezingekazalwa, senyongo kunye venosus ngokuqinisekileyo ductus. Ngoko ke, ikho into fetometry umbungu iiveki, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba inkqubo yokuvavanya ukukhula umntwana. Kubalulekile ukuba bagcine ingcebiso amancinci - umlinganiselo ayide ikwazi eyenziwa xa isiqhamo ngokobunzima abangaphezu kwama-4 kg.

- igesi exhaust (ivolyum esifubeni) ivumela iingcali lokuvavanya yobudala sokukhulelwa kwi iveki 14-22.

Iingcali bathi ukufumana iimviwo ultrasound ulwazi oluthembekileyo ngakumbi kufuneka kwenziwe ngokubanzi phandle, ngamanye amazwi, ngexesha elifanayo. Ngoko ke, lo ingqiqo fetometry mbungu ngu kwalishumi ukuya ku-36 zibandakanya izifundo ezifana koomama abakhulelweyo njengesipholisi, BDP kunye DB. Emva kokuba eli xesha sinikele ingqalelo qeda njengesipholisi kunye DB.

Kodwa akukho akufuneki konke kuthathwa nomthetho. Njengokuba kuyimfuneko ukukhangela ngokusondeleyo ukuya iimpawu ngamnye olungekazalwa nokulibaziseka kunokwenzeka.

Indlela ukuba afune nophando isiphelo fetometry ukufunda

engekazalwa Fetometry awu ngokwenene kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba oogqirha kunye nabazali usana olungekazalwa. Kodwa asinguye wonke umntu uya kuba nako uku bana isiphelo yeengcali ngaphandle kwimfundo zonyango ezizodwa.

Ukuze ufumane inani eliqikelelwayo kokuzalwa kosana lwakho, kubalulekile ukunikela ingqalelo yobudala yokubelekisa sokukhulelwa. Lo mhla ubalwa lula kubulelwe ulwazi malunga ngomhla wokuqala kumjikelo wokugqibela sexesheni. Kule meko, qiniseka ukuba bakuthathele ingqalelo neziphawuli ziye zafunyanwa emva fetometry. Nangona kulo mzekelo kukho utoliko olwahlukileyo index efanayo.

I algorithm esilula ultrasound yokufunda isiphelo

1. Ngenxa ulwazi ngosuku lokuqala lwethuba lokugqibela sexesheni okanye imini kwesisu kunokwenzeka ukuba ukubala nosuku lokuzalwa wosana.

2. Ukuqinisekisa ubalo ezichanekileyo (kwinqanaba lokuqala) ekunokuthi kusekelwe kwiziphawuli ultrasound 1 okanye 2 ezintathu.

3. Ingcaciso ipesenti iimpawu DW, BDP, J ..

4. ukufunda ukubambezeleka mhlawumbi Palsy.

Table fetometry Palsy

Namhlanje, kubaluleke kakhulu abasetyhini abakhulelweyo na fetometry olungekazalwa. Itheyibhile ye-ultrasound ibonisa ezingundoqo Ipharamitha uphuhliso yesiqhelo umntwana kwaye iyafumaneka kuye nawuphi na ugqirha oza ojongene nemiba nokubeleka kunye ne. Ngoko ke, oomama abakhulelweyo nga ngokukhuselekileyo ukulawula inkqubo "yokukhula" umntwana wabo esibelekweni. Kodwa oku kufuneka ayichaze loo mhla ngqo yokukhulelwa. Kwaye oku kunokwenzeka kuphela emva kokuba uhlalutyo kwetafile ubungqina fetometry.

Ukuze ufumanise umhla eqinisekile yokuzalwa komntwana wakho elide ilindelwe, kuyimfuneko ukubala idata ekhoyo kwi ifomula Negele. Ngoko ke, ngomhla kwethuba lokugqibela sexesheni kuyimfuneko ukongeza iveki, uze emva koko uthabathe iinyanga ezintathu.

Kodwa ukwenzela ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka izibalo ezinjalo, kufuneka uthathe ingqalelo iziphumo zeemviwo ultrasound. Nangona kwangobu mzekelo, iimpazamo zinokwenzeka. Ekubeni isixhobo sokuxilonga izibonelelo zonyango akufunekanga ibe ichanekile. Ke itafile fetometry foetal leyo kuthathwa ukuba reference ingongoma ephambili kuviwo ultrasound isalamane ezimbalwa. Ngapha koko, oku kwakhona liye zalo luye.

Asimele ngokwenene Ungakhathazeki ngayo. Ngapha koko, umahluko engephi kwaye zichaphazela kakhulu siphumo angeke.

Fetometry veki Umbungu neveki, itafile leyo has a izikhombisi zophuhliso encane kunokuba luncedo kakhulu hayi kuphela unina kodwa ngenxa kumagqirha.

Nangona kule kunjalo kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba zonke iimpawu zidweliswe ixabiso abangenagama. Oku zonke ngenxa yokuba bonke abantwana babe ubunzima ezahlukeneyo, ubude kunye nezinye iparameters. Ke ngoko, kuba ngqo enkulu kuyimfuneko ukunikela ingqalelo kuphela amazinga.

Ungaze kufuneka aphakuzele ukuba ezinye iparameters zisenokwahluka ukusuka ezibonisa itafile. Emva kweveki fetometry Umbungu neveki, itafile leyo kuphela imithetho jikelele, xa abaninzi isalamane kwaye kwamkelwa kuphela njengoko ingongoma eyintloko yezalathiso. Nangona uthobe umphefumlo, kuyenzeka noko abhekisele iingcali ukuze ngakumbi olunzulu kunye noluvo abanobuchule.

Ukuba uvuyo lwakho kwaye yaqinisekisa kwegazi sele iphuhlisiwe, kuyimfuneko ukuba ngoko nangoko zonke zazo eziyimfuneko iinkcukacha ukunyhashwa kunokwenzeka kunye iingozi zempilo ukuya ubuncinane.

Namhlanje fetologiya sikuvumela ukuba ubone nje kuphela ubungakanani Umbungu ngeeveki, kodwa kusekwangoko ukulungisa kulibazisa ekukhuleni komntwana esibelekweni. Kakade ke, ukwenza isigqibo ofanelekileyo, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukuthatha ingqalelo ngexesha elifanayo ezininzi izinto, ezifana ezibonisa ultrasound, impilo yeli umfazi omithiyo yonke imibandela nokomzimba. Kodwa ngokubanzi, oku wokwenene. Ngapha koko, ekuhlalutyeni liyincutshe onamava uya kukwazi ukuthelekisa ngokuchanekileyo idata ultrasound wafumana nezithethe kwetafile fetologii. Xa kunjalo, ukuba zahluke kakhulu, lo ngezifo phantse lonke iqinisekisiwe.

UNorma ubungakanani Umbungu esibelekweni

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ubungakanani Umbungu neveki inokufumaneka enkosi ultrasound yomfazi okhulelweyo. Kodwa ukuze le nkcazelo ibe luncedo yaye kuyimfuneko, kubalulekile into aqale. Le nto ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kufuneka ihlawulwe ugqirha wakho kubalwa yobudala sokukhulelwa.

Norms fetometry Umbungu awu

kwiveki Obstetric zokukhulelwa	ubunzima Palsy, g	CTE, ubone	OG (DHA), mm	DB, mm	BDP, mm
14	52	12.3	26	16	28
22	506	27.8	53	40	53
33	2088	43,6	85	65	84

ubukhulu iziqhamo Eqhelekileyo kufuneka ukukhetha zibekwe kumgca omnye. Konke oku kungenxa usana lukhula ephala. Ngoko ke, i inguquko kuvunyelwa.

Umzekelo, zonke nezalathiso US eziqhelekileyo, kodwa ubude yifemur kunye lesiquluba okungalungelaniyo ngokugqibeleleyo ixabiso yesiqhelo. Ukuba ngoko nangoko ukuphakuzela kwaye ucinga ukuba ngokuyimfuneko kusenzeka ngezifo. Ngapha koko, wonke umntu yahlukile, mhlawumbi imilenze umntwana wakho nje ukuba azikho ixesha elide, njengoko kuboniswa nemigaqo. Nangona bonke okunene okay, kunye nomntwana wakho usempilweni ngokupheleleyo.

Kubalulekile ukuba ubukhulu etafileni olungekazalwa iya kukuvumela ukuba banikele ingqalelo oku kulandelayo: ingozi kwiimeko ezininzi bugwetyelwe xa emva fetometry study amaxabiso athile abafani lungapha kweelayini emibini. Ngamanye amazwi, xa ipateni ebonakalayo ukugcina up migangatho.

kuyimfuneko fetometry

Xa fetometry inkqubo, ngenxa icandelo layo cuke, vumela ekukhulelweni ekuqaleni ngoxilongo eli thole intrauterine. Ngoko ke, ixesha usabela uze unciphise umngcipheko ubuncinane. Ukungondleki kubonakala ngalo mzuzu xa foetal parameters emva iqhelekile iintsuku ezingaphezu kwama-14.

Namhlanje unako ukwenza nyango ezingalaliswayo diagnosis kwaye ukuthintela ukugxagxiseka xa nobume bempilo kunye nempilo umama kunye engekazalwa. Enye indlela unyango luthathwa kulungiswe nakujoliso olutsha losulelo, ukuba umntwana gciwane Esibelekweni. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, uyakwazi ukunyenyisa insufficiency placental , okanye wenze lokusekwa ekutyeni wosana phambi kokuzalwa.

Ngapha koko, ubuchule kunye neendlela unyango entsha iya kunceda umama kunye nomntwana kwinkqubo naziphi na iingxaki.

Ngubani na ukunika ukulibaziseka unesifo kuphuhliso foetal

Ukuze kuhlolwe kakuhle ukukhulelwa, ubungakanani ezingekazalwa kuquka iindleko zibhekisela obstetrician-ugqirha okanye oyingcali yemfuza. Ngapha koko, kuphela abagunyaziswe ukuba abize une yokudodobala intrauterine ukukhula ezingekazalwa, okanye ukungondleki.

Ngaphezu koko, uxilongo kwenziwa kuphela emva kokuba uvavanyo yofuzo kamama elizayo. Ke ukuba kuqinisekisiwe, oko kuya kuba lula ukufumana izizathu lweziqhamo ezinjalo. Ngokufuthi, i "emagqabini" engundoqo ukubonakala ezimbi zezi:

- ukungaqheleki kule zofuzo;

- phambi imikhwa emibi evela kubazali babo, ngakumbi oomama;

- ubudala yabazali;

- sokosuleleka sana owawa Esibelekweni.

Ngoko ke, lo fetometry ndingekazalwa, itafile iphawulwa malini kuphela ngandlel isalamane. Ngapha koko, loo nto ithathwa njengodondolo ekuqinisekiseni ukuthotyelwa kunye ukukhulelwa, leyo ibalwe lo ugqirha, kwaye idata ifunyenwe. Kananjalo okunye ndawana wolingano okanye, icala, uphuhliso azilingani yosana olungekazalwa esibelekweni.

fetometry lokuqala Palsy

fetometry engekazalwa lokuqala kusiwa nokukhulelwa gama kwiiveki 10-14. Ngale sifundo ultrasound unokuqiniseka ukuchaneka nowokupheliswa umhla obstetrician yokuzalwa kosana, kwakunye nawuphi na unobangela ezingaqhelekanga kwi zofuzo kunye nezinye ezingaqhelekanga kwi kosana olungekazalwa. ingqalelo ekhethekileyo ihlawulwe specialists ubukhulu coccyx-Parietal (CTE) foetal achazwe apha esiswini (njengesipholisi) kunye Translations nuchal (TVP).

Le fetometry yesibini ungakanani

Elandelayo ultrasound uphawu yeeveki-22 zokukhulelwa. Ngaloo ndlela kunokwenzeka kuphela ukulungisa uphuhliso umntwana wabo, akukho makhwiniba kunye nezinye ezingaqhelekanga, kodwa kwangaxeshanye bafunde besini wosana.

Ngoku kuyimfuneko ukuba unikele ingqalelo ezi mpawu zilandelayo fitometrii: ubukhulu biparietal (BPD) kunye nentloko ojikeleyo (OG), achazwe apha esiswini kunye nobude yifemur (DB). Kulo mzekelo, kukwabalulekile ukuba bahlole inkqubela kuphuhliso Umbungu ngokubanzi kunye parameters zayo. Emva kokuba usana lukhula ephala, yaye ngoko ezidlulileyo yokusebenza dozhny nganye ezinga malungu abantu. Ngapha koko, imithetho ikhombisa fetometry kufuneka ukuba bawajonge ngenyameko kakhulu kwixesha elizayo ngokuhlalutya umfanekiso jikelele ekukhuleni komntwana.

A fetometry wesithathu ungakanani

Kwiimeko ezininzi, le yokugqibela unina kucingelwa ukuba umbungu fetometry wesithathu. kwiiveki 33 zokukhulelwa - eli lixesha lokugqibela uviwo ultrasound. Ngapha koko, ke ngoku kuyenzeka ukubona usana ukusekwa ngokupheleleyo, ukuhlola imeko yakhe bempilo nokugweba indlela elizayo yonikezelo. Umzekelo, walinganisa achazwe apha entloko kunye nesisu, uvavanyo yenziwe ngababini macala amalungu omzimba, kwaye kuqikelelwa baby ubunzima ekuzalweni.

Kulo mzekelo, xa kukho imfuneko, ungasetyenziswa ukwenza ezifana nophando fetometry olungekazalwa. iiveki 32 zithathwa ukuba zibe nexesha elaneleyo olu hlobo lokufunda, abafazi sikarhulumente. Ukuba ezingaqhelekanga nabanezinto ezingaqhelekanga bamxabela zaye zachongwa, ngoko kamva kuviwo ultrasound mfuneko.

isiphelo

Xa inkqubo ukuhlalutya inkcazelo efunyenwe ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka aqonde emva ultrasound ukuba usana esibelekweni akuthethi ukuphuhlisa ngokufanayo. Ekubeni uphuhliso ngokwayo uphawuleka ephala, ukususela kuloo ngamaxesha athile kwengoma kunokwenzeka ukutenxa izikhombisi eqhelekileyo.

Ngaphezu koko, ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kufuneka ihlawulwe yemfuzo abazali kunye nokuma babo. Ngoko ke, umzekelo, umfazi omithiyo Umlinganiseli kancinane kwaye ukukhula ziya kusoloko kuba nomnini ndingekazalwa, eziya aphambuke iqhelekile itafile fetometry ezantsi. Njengoko unina enkulu okhulelweyo babe abantwana ukuba nabo ebenokudlula imigangatho ubunzima kunye nemilinganiselo jikelele. akuyomfuneko ukuba sikhathazeke, kuba luphawu ngamnye umntwana nonina. Ke kuni mhlawumbi kuchaphazela nto. Ngapha koko, wonke umntu wahlukile.

Isigwebo kwiziphumo ultrasound fetometry eligunyazisiweyo kuphela obstetrician-ugqirha okanye ingcali imizila yemfuza zonyango iziko. Ngoko ke, umama okhulelweyo kufanele ukuba qiniseka ukulandela zonke iingcebiso kunye nemiyalelo oogqirha, kubandakanywa umfazi okhulelweyo baphila impilo efanelekileyo.

Ngapha koko, nje ukungabikho imikhwa emibi (okanye ukulahlwa ngokupheleleyo kwabo), isondlo esifanelekileyo kunye nokuthobela ulawulo lale mini iya kuvumela ukukhanya kuvela umntwana umqemane uvuyo yabazali. Ngoko ke, kufuneka ngoko nangoko ingqalelo ukuba ubomi nempilo usana ubuthathaka bakho? Mhlawumbi lo mfazi kufuneka ulahle yonke imingcipheko ecaleni kwaye ukutshintsha ubomi babo bube ngcono. Umntwana - isizathu sokwenza oko ngaphambili, ubuncinane kuye.