Emergency: yesazisi. Emergency: Uhlobo, imiphumela, uthintelo

Xa abantu namhlanje abantu basengozini elimisiweyo. Nangona kunjalo, le ntsongelo yomngcipheko wentshabalalo enkulu na ekuthiwa likaxakeka. imeko kaxakeka - yinto umoya ezikhethekileyo ezifana ukuba kuvela ngenxa yeemeko ezininzi kwaye ebangela umonakalo elibalulekileyo abantu kunye nokusingqongileyo. Oku, umzekelo, iingozi, nezibangelwa okanye iintlekele. Emergency (kaPhalo) lidla luphawulwa umonakalo kwimpilo yoluntu kunye nobomi, nokusingqongileyo yolwaphulo- mthetho, iilahleko eziphathekayo enkulu, kwakunye ukunyhashwa imiqathango ubomi obuqhelekileyo babantu.

iimpawu likaxakeka

ngaphambili Ukusuka apha ngasentla, oko ingqalelo inkcazo (likaxakeka) kumazwe ahambele phambili iye babeshiywe ingqalelo ngunobangela yokwandisa ngeengozi zombini bemvelo technogenic kweli candelo. Nevuthisayo ngexesha yena, kukhokelela ekubeni ukutshintsha ngokuphawulekayo kungekuphela nje kuqoqosho karhulumente, kodwa ngakwicala lezopolitiko. Kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo kubo bonke ubuso bomhlaba zenzeke zonke iintlobo iintlekele zemvelo kunye neentlekele ezenziwe ngumntu, zibangelwa ngempembelelo anthropogenic. Malunga nalo abantu ukubandezeleka (ngexesha elifanayo amakhulu singaphulukana okanye amawaka abantu), kwaye kananjalo ezinkulu, maxa wambi noqhekeko, umonakalo kokusingqongileyo. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba umonakalo owenziwe kaxakeka zendalo zilinganiswa ngemvelo kunye isikali neziphumo.

umonakalo isigaba

Phantsi komthetho ngoku, ibinzana elithi "likaxakeka" kuthetha imeko nzima, leyo kwakheka kwi ummandla kule ndawo ngenxa iziganeko ezithile ngolunya. Njengoko kuchaziwe ngaphambili, oko wagqiba ukuvavanya umonakalo, ngokuxhomekeke ubungqongqo imiphumo. Ngenxa yoko, iinkalo eziphambili kota uphononongwayo njengangoku ilahleko nomonakalo. Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwezi ndidi zimbini, efana kakhulu xa efika kuqala?

ukulahlekelwa

Ukusuka kungasentla kunokwenziwa isigqibo sokuba kaxakeka zendalo ingxaki enkulu ukuba ubomi obuqhelekileyo babantu. Ngenxa yoko, ibinzana elithi "ilahleko" ibandakanya zonke iintlobo zokwenzakala, izifo kunye nokwenzakala abantu sandla nelula (ukuya ubomi entolongweni), wafumana ngenxa kaxakeka. ngemiphumo kaxakeka ingaqhelekanga. Nyaka ngamnye, kuphela kummandla Russian Federation kuzo zonke iindidi beemoto zibulala abantu abamalunga namawaka amahlanu nabenzakeleyo malunga 250 lamawaka.

umonakalo

Inkcazo "likaxakeka" olubandakanya ingqiqo vyshepredstavlennoe. Siveza zombini ilahleko yemali kunye eziphathekayo ukuba isicelo ngenxa ezinzima kunye iimeko eziyingozi. ngemiphumo kaxakeka bohlulwa babe ngamaqela amabini eziphambili.

umonakalo Direct

Njengomthetho jikelele, oku kuquka zonke usenokungayibo- nga ezikhokelela umonakalo nokonakaliswa izinto ezahlukeneyo zibaluleke zentlalo okanye ezoqoqosho. Ukongeza, lo mba, equka inxalenye kwenkcazo 'likaxakeka ", nayo iquka iintlobo ezahlukeneyo umonakalo kokusingqongileyo, kwakunye nezinto ezikhoyo.

umonakalo ngqo

Ngenxa yoko, le didi luphawulwa kokunqunyanyiswa yokusebenza eqhelekileyo imisebenzi zoshishino yaye kuthiwa ilahleko yenzuzo. Ukongeza didi ekuthethwa iquka indleko yokususa ngqo meko eziyingozi kunye neziphumo zayo kunokwenzeka ixesha elide. Ngokunxulumene iimeko ezichazwe ngasentla, ulawulo likaxakeka ngoku Ndizuze umlinganiswa yesizwe ebalulekileyo. Yeyona ubukho iingozi - zombini kwithambeka yendalo kunye ngabantu - ngenxa iziganeko ngasentla. Cinga kubo kancinci kakhulu.

ngezigaba likaxakeka

Njengoko kuchaziwe ngaphambili, i intlobo yokuxakeka zinokuba nomahluko. Umzekelo, okusingqongileyo, indoda-nezendalo, njalo-njalo. Noko ke, zihlelwa ngokwemiqathango ethile ukuba ziimpawu nesenzeko zonke macala kunokwenzeka.

ukwahlukana Total

Ulwahlulo esisiseko eyahlula iindidi kuchaziwe ngaphambili, ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwezinto ezenza. Apha ngokwemveli akhawunti kuba imithombo zeemeko zongxamiseko, kwakunye nezikhombisi ibalulekileyo inkangeleko yalo. Kudla kweli nqanaba, ukongeza iimpawu eziphambili, ithetha izinto kunye neentlobo izincedisi, ubungakanani kunye kubanga. Nakuba kunjalo, njengoko kuchasene ngeenxa kufanele kuphawulwe ngaphambili kuluhlu, ukuze xa uthetha malunga lucalulo ezifana likaxakeka, ngokunjalo nakwiindawo engundoqo, kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba kuloo meko inobungozi uphawuleka ukwahluka yayo nokwahluka kwenu. Ngoko ke, lo yobunyani kuthathelwa ingqalelo enye iimpawu ezibalulekileyo ES. Nangona kunjalo, le Dynamics zonke yonxunguphalo kalukhuni yahlulwe inani elithile amanyathelo.

isigaba yophuhliso

Kwihlabathi lanamhlanje, inkcazelo "imeko kaxakeka" kubandakanya amanyathelo asisiseko ezimbalwa. Makhe sihlolisise nganye iinkcukacha ezingaphezulu. Inqanaba lokuqala Ukwakheka kunye nophuhliso omnye yeentlobo entlekele (technogenic, kokusingqongileyo, njl njl). Kweli nqanaba kukho ukuqokelela zonke izinto ezinxaxhileyo kunokwenzeka ukususela kwiinkqubo eziqhelekileyo. Ngenxa yoko, kwinqanaba lokuqala luphawulwa nokuqaliswa likaxakeka, kwakunye ukwanda kwe-nkqubo. Loo nyathelo yahlukile abanye ukuba uqala nefuthe elibi kubantu kunye imihlaba umsebenzi wabo. Ngokukodwa, iinkqubo ezinjalo zidla izinto inxaxheba kuqoqosho, langoku iziseko kunye nendalo esingqongileyo. Inqanaba lesibini sichazwa ngokuthi ekupheliseni likaxakeka. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, iqala ukuphelisa iziphumo ubonwe ziintlekele (esingqongileyo, ngabantu okanye zendalo). Kwezinye iimeko, ekuqaleni kwesigaba ye Countdown uyithathe xa isenzo yakhe yokuqala. Kodwa ukuphela kwayo wamiswa, ngokuqhelekileyo abachatshazelwa Incedisa Iziseko zoqoqosho nezentlalo, kwakunye nenani labantu kwi nsuku ekuthiwa imo ubomi obuqhelekileyo. Ngoko ke, lo kwisigaba sesithathu ngokwemveli ziquka kubulawe aseleyo imiphumo ixesha elide. Eyona uphawu kwesi sigaba kukuba oko kwenzeka kuphela xa kukho imfuneko yokuba kubulawe olupheleleyo lweziphumo ezivela kaxakeka. Ngelo okufanayo owenziwayo ingqalelo ezibalulekileyo ngokwaneleyo, okona kubaluleke kakhulu, ixesha nexesha. Ngenxa yoko, umsebenzi wabo kungathathwa yinxalenye yemisebenzi ezentlalo nezoqoqosho, oluqhutywa ukuqinisekisa uzinzo kunye nophuhliso ngakumbi kummandla ochaphazelekayo.

Protection ku likaxakeka

Eli gama imele iseti yeziganeko eyahlukeneyo oqhagamshelwano phakathi kwi ixesha, indawo kunye nezibonelelo ezisetyenziswa. Eyona njongo iphambili yale yezenzo ukunciphisa ukwehla, kwakunye nokuthintela epheleleyo ilahleko phakathi kwabemi kunye nokuphelisa ubuninzi ngezoyikiso impilo kunye nobomi obuqhelekileyo ngamnye amalungu ayo ngalinye. Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba ukhuselo yenziwa hayi kuphela umthombo ngoko nangoko emva kodlwengulo, kodwa phezu nezinto ezinxulumene umonakalo. Ngenxa yoko, imfuneko yoqeqesho, kunye nokuqaliswa kwamanyathelo kucingwa ukuba ziyabandakanywa kudidi wokhuseleko "likaxakeka: ukhuseleko ubomi," kubangwa, kwelinye icala, unelungelo lokhuseleko ebomini kunye nomdla, leyo kubonelelwe phantsi komthetho ngoku, yaye kwelinye - ingozi yokuba sesichengeni kwentlekele okanye ingozi. Ngoko ke, le milinganiselo ingentla ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokuthintela ekupheliseni iindawo ezinobungozi, kwaye ngaloo ndlela inokwenziwa omabini zothintelo kumgangatho yokusebenza, ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo isisongelo kunokwenzeka.

nezigaba ukulungiselela

Amanyathelo okukhusela yabantu ngexesha likaxakeka ukuba ngokwesithethe egcinwe umgaqo kwimveliso-indawo. Ngenxa yoko, ukuba inokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo ingozi kunokwenzeka. Okwangoku, ngokubanzi iintetho advocacy kunye nokuphunyezwa engqongileyo eyenziwe e ibhizinisi okanye umbutho. Ngenxa amanyathelo abantu bathathe lonke uqeqesho olufanelekileyo, ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa emsebenzini.

The main complex

Njengomgaqo, onke amanyathelo zoqeqesho ngokuqhelekileyo angohlulwa ngezigaba eziliqela okanye iindidi. Bonke bephela kunye zenza imithetho ekhoyo yamkela iseti amanyathelo yokhuselo sokukhuselwa labantu. Phakathi kwezi maqela ngokwesiko ziquka:

1. Abantu Alert ingozi esondelayo. Ukongeza, kufuneka ngamaxesha baziswe malunga nophuhliso kunye iinketho zokulungisa kwiimeko zongxamiseko.
2. Zishiye kwiingingqi yingozi.
3. Ukuba nokwenzeka ukhuseleko zobunjineli yabemi.
4. Chemical nemitha Safety.
5. Amanyathelo ononophelo lwempilo abemi.