DNA kwesipirithi: isishwankathelo

Kwesipirithi na ukudibanisa carbon omnye yehayidrojini ezintathu atom kwenye molecule. Le nto ithathwa ukuba igama lokugqibela kukhathalelo lwempilo. Yena kukhatshwa ukuphunyezwa phantse yonke imisebenzi umzimba.

imisebenzi

Amaqela methyl (carbon yehayidrojini athom) ebandakanyeka:

1. impendulo komzimba kwiimeko uxinezeleko.
2. Development kunye nokuqwalaselwa glutathione. Kusebenza antioxidant ephambili emzimbeni.
3. hormone detoxification, izinyithi enzima kunye nemixube yemichiza.
4. Lawula iinkqubo arhabaxa.
5. Ukulungisa iiseli ezonakeleyo.
6. omzimba kunye nokulawulwa nxamnye iintsholongwane kunye zosulelo, eyenza kolawulo T-iiseli.

. Okubaluleke ngokulinganayo inkqubo DNA kwesipirithi. Makhe siqwalasele ngokweenkcukacha.

ukulawula Epigenetic of

способствует передаче паттернов следующему поколению клеток при митозе. iipateni DNA kwesipirithi lula ukudluliselwa isizukulwana esilandelayo leeseli mitosis. Kakhulu kutshanje, kuye kwafunyaniswa ukuba inkqubo yamaqela-athom nazo izakhiwo abagulela-neenkalo ine ezinye lokusekwa inkumbulo kunye plasticity zobuchopho. K. Miller no D. Sweet kuphandwa DNA kwesipirithi. Ukufunda kwenza ukuba ukugqiba ukuba umsebenzi methyltransferase dezoksiribonukleinovokislotnoy linyuke kakhulu izilwanyana ngexesha ubuya ulwazi olutsha. Oku kunceda ukunciphisa amazwi zofuzo leyo abayithintelayo iinkqubo memory. Ukongeza, ababhali ukwalatha into enye ngaphezulu. Abaphandi ingxelo ukuba kwiproteni reelin gene kusebenze, ukukhuthaza utshintsho kunye zobuchopho ababandakanyekayo kule khosi zophendlo lwezifo ngesifo kuchaphazela memory Ukwakheka. Xa le nto yenziwa demitalazy-enzayim ngokunika demethylation DNA (ukukhululwa kumaqela methyl). izibakala oluzinzileyo kukhokelela wenza isigqibo esibalulekileyo. , а также обратное ему явление, играют существенную роль при хранении информации и запоминании. DNA kwesipirithi njengenye yeendlela epigenetic, kwakunye isenzeko Ngokufanayo, idlala indima ebalulekileyo yokugcina ulwazi kunye nememori. Lo mbono waqinisekiswa iziphumo kwiqela lesifundo E. Costa. Kuye kwafunyaniswa ukuba demitilirovanie reelin kunye glutamate decarboxylase zemfuza zibe conditioner molekyuli ezincinane yeempuku ezingenelela DNA izityalo nucleus. Ezi zifundo zibonisa nje kuphela ithuba ngokutshintsha izimvo ezikhoyo malunga ukuyilwa bulo. является динамическим. Kwakhona nangona sebekhomba loo nto ukuba wayecinga ngaphambili kwesipirithi DNA esisigxina linamandla. Ngaphezu koko, oko ungasetyenziswa kunyango.

iimpawu

имеют определенную связь, нельзя назвать новой. Ingcamango yokuba inkumbulo kunye DNA kwesipirithi babe nolwalamano ethile, asikwazi kubizwa ngokuba entsha. Kuye sele isekiwe yeemeko zobuchopho zothumelo histone acetylation. Bayeyona amathambo apho DNA nxeba. Acetylation kunciphisa oludla le histone ukuya asidi acid. Oku kuvula ukufikelela DNA kunye nezinye iiprothini anxulumene, phakathi kwezinye izinto, kunye ukusebenza kwawo la yemfuza. Enyanisweni, lo CREBBP umsebenzi histone atsetilotransferaznaya (yokubopha protein), omele luvo iqhosha ukhutshelo factor edityaniswa isiphumo le protini kwi ukuwakhumbula. Ngaphezu koko, yatyhilwa yokukhulisa memory ubhalo elide ngexesha ukusetyenziswa histone deacetylase inhibitors. Oku kwakhokelela kwezinga histone acetylation.

yeengcinga

Sweet kunye Miller wabuza le mibuzo ilandelayo malunga histone-oxhomekeke kwezithandani ezi patheni yokuthetha. ? Ukuba ikwazi ukudlala indima ekulawuleni inkumbulo, kuya kukhokelela isenjalo nokuba DNA kwesipirithi? Le nto yayibonakala ikakhulu njengendlela yokugcina umsebenzi ngexesha mitosis kunye nezakhiwo ukwakha izixokelelwano. Noko ke, kule ubuchopho mammalian waqola methylases nokuqina waphawula, nangona uninzi iiseli sele nondividing. Ngenxa yokuba isenzeko ingqalelo inegalelo kwezithandani sofuzo yokuthetha, abaphandi abakwazanga ukwala methylase yonxibelelwano amathuba kunye neenkqubo esemthethweni iiseli zemithambo-luvo.

Ukuhlola imibono

этого явления в формировании памяти, обрабатывали срезы гиппокампа ингибиторами дезоксирибонуклеинокислотных метилтрансфераз. Sweet kunye noogxa bakhe ngokuhlolisisa kwesipirithi DNA, ukubaluleka kwale esenzeka ukuyilwa bulo, izilayi hippocampal kunyangwa inhibitors dezoksiribonukleinokislotnyh methyltransferases. Bafumanisa ukuba uthintele ekuqaleni potentiation ixesha elide - ukuqinisa zobuchopho njengempendulo kumsebenzi neuronal. Le nkqubo ibangela impembelelo iindlela zokufunda kunye nenkumbulo. Iinzululwazi ziye zafumanisa ukuba inhibitors lehla izinga kwesipirithi DNA reelin. It walatha ukuyilungisa yayo.

imifuniselo

Ukugqiba ukuya phambili kwizifundo zabo, sweet ne Miller waqalisa esweni utshintsho kwi pattern kwesipirithi kwi iimpuku imodeli apho izilwanyana bafunda ukunxulumana kwindawo ethile kunye zizinto ezingemnandi, ingakumbi, uyothuka buthathaka. Ukuziphatha yokulinga abafumana inhibitors, uvakalisa ithuba nobunzima ekufundeni. Fumana bekwimeko kwafuneka apho ukuba uloyiko, bathi emkhenkceni ngaphantsi kakhulu ngaphezu kweenkomo yolawulo.

iziphumo

Indlela kwesipirithi zingabuchaphazela memory yeempuku? Izazinzulu ziye wakucacisa oku ngolu hlobo lulandelayo. I-DNA ukho ezininzi izabelo esinokufumana amaqela ngokudibanisa yeehidrojeni nembumba yeekharbon atom. Kulo mba, abaphengululi bagqiba ekubeni isicelo isenzeko ilandelayo. Ebebefunda kakhulu kwesipirithi yemfuza Sele icwangcisiwe ogama indima ekumisweni memory. Waye kuqala belingekanyuswa indawo apho iinkqubo protein phosphatase memory zicinezelwa. yehle nkulumo ingase kunokubangela nomkhwezeli. Eneneni, omnye kwilixa moya kwinqanaba uloyiko kwesipirithi OMFUTSHANE ndanda ngaphezu kwabo izihlandlo ezilikhulu. Kulo mzekelo, amanqanaba mRNA kummandla CA1 hippocampal phantsi ekuncitshisweni buthathaka, kodwa ngokwamanani. Le ndlela ifumaneka ubuchopho kwanezilwanyana indibanisela Iezothuso ezincinane kwiziphelo kunye nemeko ezintsha. Ngokwahlukeneyo, izikhuthazi musa ukunika nawuphi umphumo kwesipirithi. Ngako oko, amaqela wokujoyina wenziwa kuphela imfundiso langoku.

DNA kwesipirithi nezokukhula

Iingxaki ubudala kunye ukubonakala umhlaza yenye izihloko ezininzi kuxoxwa. Kwiminyaka emininzi yophando, izazinzulu ziye zacebisa iintlobo beengcamango kunye neemodeli. Noko ke, ingqiqo ngalo mzuzu akuthethi ukuphendula ngokupheleleyo yonke imibuzo. Ngelo xesha, umdla omkhulu kwi ukufuna amakhambi kukufunda utshintsho ukuguga kumsebenzi zofuzo. Ngokukodwa, izimvo zalo ngalo mba lowu uNjingalwazi anisimov. Uveza ukuba ngokubonakala (ibinzana) ngezakhi kuxhomekeke, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ngenxa kwesipirithi, nto leyo enokuchaphazela izinga ukwaluphala. Bamalunga ne-5% zeentsalela cytosine of deoxyribonucleic acid zaye amaqela carbon yehayidrojini athom abazibandakanya ukwenza 5mTs (-methylcytosine 5). Le isiseko ithathwa ukuba ukusoloko kuphela DNA eziphilayo ngaphezulu. Ukujoyina amaqela kuthatha indawo kwi zombini imicu symmetrically. Kona 5mTs njalo uzifihle ngakwilitye le iintsalela guanine. Kule ezakheke imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba kwesipirithi obandakanyeka ummiselo umsebenzi sofuzo. Utshintsho apha ekuhambeni amaqela ukudibanisa ibangelwa lokungaphumeleli kwizinga tumbuluxiwa.

izizathu

Age-demethylation wachazwa okokuqala ngowe-1973 Lo mahluko ibhaqwe iqondo yokuzahlula amaqela zomzimba nempuku. Xa ingqondo, demethylation waya ngakumbi kunokuba esibindini. Kuye kwafumaniseka 5mTs ukuhla kunye nobudala emiphungeni, kwakunye iimanyano fibroblast isikhumba. Abaphandi bacebisa ukuba eli-demethylation ezenza iiseli ukuba iinguqu amabi. Lo mkhwa ingavezwa amagama alula ngolu hlobo lulandelayo. AneeDNA engasebenziyo iye kukhatshwa kwiqela methyl. Phantsi yempembelelo ekudibaneni kwemichiza yaya kokuqhawulwa yayo. Ngako oko, zezilimo iyasebenza. Group wenza imisebenzi athom fuse. I ezincinane inani, iiseli ngokwahlukeneyo yaye ngaloo ndlela abadala ngaphezu kwabo ngaphezulu - ngoko ke abancinane. Umzekelo classic lisetyenziswa kwi ncwadi, kungabangela kuphuhliso kweentlobo ezithile salmon. A ngumkhuba lokufa kwabo ngokukhawuleza kakhulu kwangoko emva kwanda. Izolo kusekho abantu abaselula yobudala okuzala kufa kwisithuba ngexesha elifutshane. Kwisicwangciso eziphilayo, le meko kwandiswa ukwaluphala, nto leyo sikhatshwa ezinkulu-scale DNA demethylation.

Indlela yokunceda umzimba?

Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo apho ukuphucula bafune DNA kwesipirithi. Phakathi kakhulu ethandwa kufuneka kuthiwe:

1. Ukutya imifino fresh. imifuno eluhlaza ngokukhethekileyo kucetyiswa. Benza njengoko njengomthombo folic acid efunekayo ukuqinisekisa kwesipirithi efanelekileyo.
2. Vitamins B12 kunye B6, riboflavin. imithombo zabo amaqanda, intlanzi, neentyantyambo zeamangile, walnuts, hlaza njalo njalo.
3. Ukufumana imali eyaneleyo nezinki. Zinika isondlo kwesipirithi.
4. probiotics zokwamkelwa. Inegalelo kulungiselelo nokufunxwa iivithamini iqela B kunye folic to-kuwe.

Kubalulekile kwakhona ukuba kuncitshiswe uxinzelelo, nika imikhuba emibi (ukuselwa kotywala, ukutshaya). Kufanele kulunyukwe ukuze umzimba abazange bayifumane into enetyhefu. Ezi zihlanganisi uthathe amaqela imethyl zilayishwe esibindini.