DC motor: ifowuni, isicelo umsebenzi

Umsebenzi kuxoxwe ngazo kweli nqaku, iyunithi ixhomekeke ngokupheleleyo isenzeko yoqheliso electromagnetic. Le engundoqo siseko ukusebenza motor DC. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba lwangoku-ethwele umqhubi ngokwandisa kwaso zibekwe kwindawo yokothula zibuthe, abe namandla ukusebenza, enokumiselwa ngokungqinelana ulawulo lasekhohlo: F = B mna L, apho -electric mna ngoku, B - entsimini induction; L - ubude abaliweyo. Ukuwela imigca kwemikhosi zemagneti, umqhubi ezidinga amandla electromotive, nto leyo ngokunxulumene kwiimfuno zokungena nokuphuma yangoku sibhekiswe kuyo, yaye kuthiwa reverse okanye counter. Injini oguqula DC amandla kwifomu ngomatshini lwamandla, kodwa inxenye oko nikuchithele ukufudumeza.

Phezu kwefowuni ibandla ngomatshini kunokubonwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: ubume motor DC lilula, oko bubonakaliswe inductor kunye armature, apho abahlukunyezwa isithuba somoya.

Inductor kudala intsimi emileyo kazibuthe umatshini kunye, nayo, iquka isakhelo, kwipali (ezingundoqo ezongezelelweyo). Zixhonywe izibonda isakhelo, kwaye zeendawana ngokwayo babandakanyeke ukufakelwa sekethe ngemagnethi. Izinti eziphambili intsimi jiko babandakanya ekudaleni Imagnethi yomhlaba, kwaye extra - coil ukuphucula uqhagamshelwano.

Motor DC ifakwe ankile evela makabhale, ucingo kunye coil novimba (ifakwe kwi lombhobho oluthi copper). ukususwa Material ikhutshwa phandle usebenzisa brush yangoku. Bona iyalungiswa eyayibanjelwe kwindawo ethile, enika amandla efunekayo kuxinzelelo kumphezulu mbuthi.

Ngexesha nokusebenza DC lihamba ibrashi motor phezu komhlaba elijikeleza ichibi ngendlela yokuba basoloko ukusuka plate omnye komnye. Ngoko tshintsha amacandelo engumzekelo i-coil kunye armature ngoku iguquka. Process, kwakunye ngezenzeko ezinxulumene nayo, kuthiwa utshintshayo. EMF ebangela ngoku ezongezelelweyo, nto leyo eye ukusasazeka amandla ezinoxinano phezu kobuso zobuciko. Ukuba oku sizathu siphambili isusa sokuqokelela (kwi ngobunzulu kwale meko kuqikelelwa utshintshe nje kunye nomgangatho nomgangatho defined amagunya ayo).

DC motor ekwaziyo excitation nobunzi- - ekudaleni kuso mhlaba otsalayo efunekayo kule fowuni. Zahlula-hlulwe kumaqela amane (indlela zokuqhuba):

• Independent ogama osuka amandla ukusuka kumthombo DC lwangaphandle.
• Parallel - osuka ngaxeshanye anike coil armature.
• Aluguquguquki - lidibane series.
• Mixed (imibhijelo excitation lezibuko ne parallel).

Xa ombane kuqalwa kunye armature busisigxina kuyo ngu zero. Ukumelana lincinane, ngoko ke ngoku eqala kunokuba amaxesha 10-20 ngaphezu kayi. Ukuqinisekisa egudileyo start-up lisetyenziswa resistor stepwise ixabiso kunokwenzeka kabani uxhathiso wonyulwa yiNdlu zokuqalisa umsebenzi motor yangoku.