Cycle - a ... Yintoni umjikelo? Yintoni emphethweni?

Bathi yonke into ebomini nokungazinzi koqoqosho. Ngesiqhelo, oku kwakuthetha ukuba kungekudala bonke uphinda kwisangqa, nangona mhlawumbi kwinqanaba entsha qualitative. Ngoko ke yintoni esiyaziyo lemijikelo?

Inkcazo kunye nenkcazo emfutshane

Ngokubanzi, umjikelo - yinto ulandelelwano phinda lweziganeko. Kukho kwakhona iinkcazelo ezithe ngqo. Umzekelo, eli gama linye ingabonisa isethi yoncwadi, zomculo, okanye ezinye imisebenzi, umanyaniswe ingcamango efanayo. Kwimathematika, umjikelo evaliweyo ebizwa kungqameko ohlanganisa le grafu. Xa chemistry, eli binzana ukhona. Kulo mmandla yomtya - eli oluthile loqwalaselo lwe atom kwi molecule, apho bakha Somzobo onamacala amaninzi elivaliweyo. Kukho nto zokumaketha. Kule uqeqesho idla uthethe amanqanaba lomjikelo wobomi ngayo imveliso. Ngoko lo mbono lisetyenziswa kwiinkalo ezininzi ngenzululwazi. Ukanti, usoloko uyakuva kwibinzana efana ishishini okanye ngomjikelo wezoqoqosho. Kuthetha ntoni oku?

Ithiyori yemijikelo zoqoqosho

Sonke siyazi ukuba amaxesha ixesha kwinkqubo kakhulu evumelanayo nentlekele. Kukwasebenza kwanjalo kuyo kuqoqosho emarikeni. Nokuba kwi XVIII-XIX iinkulungwane, izazinzulu ziye waphawula ukuba iingxaki kwenzeka nggamathuba malunga ngokulinganayo. Bona elandelwa neminye imicimbi, nazo phindwa rhoqo. Kakade ke, oku akuthethi ukuba ngalo lonke ixesha kukho mnye kuphela kunye efanayo. isigaba ngasinye okulandelayo lwenzeka kwinqanaba ngokomgangatho omtsha, ukuze uqoqosho nangayiphi na indlela ihamba phambili.

Eqonda ukuba kukho ipateni, izazinzulu baqalisa ukukhangela izinto ezibangela le meko. Kwaye nangona ezicacisa ukuba babengenakungena, yatyhilwa inani ezininzi kakhulu ukuba ezisisiseko inkqubo.

Kukho izigaba ezine eziphambili zomjikelo: ukunyuka (recovery), ukuhla incopho (recession) kunye ingxaki (emazantsi ukuxinezeleka). Emva kokuphela ulandelelwano luqala phantsi kwakho. Nganye kwezi zigaba kuye miqondiso zayo iimpawu ngawo kulula ukuchaza.

Ngexesha ukudodobala kwanciphisa umthamo imveliso, ukunqaba kwemisebenzi, ingeniso labantu ukuwa kube imithamo abekwe. Ukuba ngeli xesha ingapheli, lunciphisa ixabiso indlela kwimveliso. Ekugqibeleni, oku kungakhokelela ekubeni deflation, okt amaxabiso asezantsi.

Ingongoma liphantsi kwemali - ekudakumbeni - luphawulwa nqanaba lisezantsi zengqesho, imveliso, ingeniso. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ixesha intlekele ekuyo i-ixesha elifutshane, yaye emva koko aqale ukuchacha okanye recovery. Intswelangqesho iwela kwakhona, imivuzo kunye namanqanaba zemveliso nokunyuka njengoko amaxabiso, ezo kuchatshazelwa zokunyuka kwemfuneko olusebenzayo. Eli xesha kwakhona kuchaphazela ukusebenza necandelo leebhanki.

Ukufikelela kwinqanaba eliphezulu, imveliso ayisa ukwandisa kunye nokusebenza ngokupheleleyo. Eli xesha kuthiwa esitsholo okanye incopho. Ngelo xesha, umsebenzi ishishini phantse abandi, lo gama ezishiyekileyo kwinqanaba elifanayo. Uqoqosho ingase ibonakale nempumelelo, kodwa emva kokuba kwincopho kwemali eza kwakhona. Umjikelo ngamnye - oku esinye isigaba kuphuhliso.

uhlobo

Kuxhomekeka ubude, kukho iindidi ezininzi imijikelo kwezoqoqosho, ezidla kuchaphazela iinkalo ezahlukeneyo zobomi. Kwezinye imithombo kukho amagama ahlukeneyo, inani iintlobo nayo buyahluka, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo bathi 4, ubize kuwo amagama izazinzulu inxaxheba kuphando lwabo;

1. Kitchin. Uninzi short - iminyaka 2-4. Njengoko umthetho, kuchaphazela imijikelo yorhwebo, ngqesho, ukunyuka kwamaxabiso, iyonke imveliso yasekhaya, ixabiso esitokisini.
2. Zhuglara. Ubude - iminyaka 7-12. ukwahluka esiyibona GNP nokuphuma mali ubukhulu. Kwakhona kuchaphazela zengqesho nokuhla kwamandla emali.
3. Smith. Ixesha Umjikelo - iminyaka 16-25. ezinxulumene Ngokuqhelekileyo kunye neenkqubo yabantu kanye yokufudukela ukuba ibe nempembelelo kuqoqosho.
4. Kondratiev. Oku ithatha malunga 40-60 iminyaka. Kolu ngcelele kukho utshintsho inkqubela yezobugcisa kunye notshintsho zezakhiwo.

Ngamanye amaxesha zodwa kunye nezinye iintlobo, echaphazela iinkqubo jikelele ngakumbi. Noko ke, inkoliso ziyavumelana ukuba kwi kucalulo enjalo.

Izinto ezibangela ekuphindeni

Ezininzi izazinzulu famous inxaxheba kuphando lwe izizathu zokuba kungani uqoqosho ngokuphindaphindiweyo badlula kumanqanaba kunye iziganeko ezifanayo, nangona ifomu iguqulwe kancinane. Kukho hypothesis umdla, leyo kamva, umzekelo, inikeza ithiyori esekelwe kwindawo amabala ilanga, nokwadala isityalo. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, abantu akusekho ixhomekeke kakhulu kwezolimo. Kwaye ke kwaye kwacaca ukuba ilanga akanalo impembelelo enamandla enjalo.

Namhlanje, kukho iindlela ezintathu eziphambili kumbuzo oonobangela kuphuhliso loqoqosho nokungazinzi koqoqosho. Omnye wabo ucacisa le meko zimeko lwangaphakathi, enye - zangaphandle, kwaye eyesithathu - uqokolelo labo kunye abanye. Okwangoku, uphando uyaqhubeka ethetha ngokucacileyo izizathu zokuba lemijikelo zoqoqosho nophuhliso landela omnye komnye, akunakwenzeka. Kuhleli ukuthatha oku ingqalelo ekucwangciseni yayo.

Imijikelezo zokuhlela

Hayi ngaphandle ukusetyenziswa kwegama elithi umsebenzi wakhe, yaye izazinzulu computer. Apha, a umjikelezo ukulandelelana imisebenzi ethile eyenziwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo. Kunokuba mda okanye kwemiqathango. Uhlobo sokuqala ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba ongapheliyo, kuba maxa wambi indlela yokuphuma meko ungekho. Kwimeko yesibini, isizathu kokupheliswa yokusebenza umjikelo inokuba ukufumana iziphumo ezithile okanye kwangaphambili inani kophindo.

Ukusetyenziswa gama G

Xa amayeza, lo gama abazaziyo wonke umfazi abadala. Kakade ke, malunga sexesheni. Le nto ayitshoyo zokubelekisa, ubuchule abasetyhini ukuba akhulelwe aze ngempumelelo wenze oko. Kunye naziphi na iingxaki ezinkulu ngephanyazo ziboniswe ngokutyeba.

Kutheni ibizwa ngokuba ngomjikelo? Kakade ke, ngenxa yokuba iinkqubo ezithile ngokulandelelana ngokuphindaphindiweyo. Kukho qheke ngezigaba zomjikelo: follicular, ovulatory kunye luteal. Omnye kwiziko ngalinye kula manqanaba kukho iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo ezibalulekileyo. Emhlabeni - kwi amaqanda bekhula zoboya, apho omnye uba lubalaseleyo. Ngomhla wesibini - ovulation, okt ukukhululwa beqanda ilungele izichumiso. Lonke eli xesha, isibeleko ilungiselela yokwamkela umbungu kunokwenzeka - kumphezulu wayo engaphakathi igcwele ilaphu okhethekileyo. Kule inyathelo lokugqibela, ukuba izichumiso lungenzeki, umjikelo siphela ukuqala kwakhona. Olu luhlobo kwisangqa lobomi, osoloko efuna ukuqalisa.