Cathedral e Kaliningrad. Kaliningrad ezinika umdla zotyelelo

Amber edge, ngoko ukwabizwa ngokuba kummandla eKaliningrad, yongezwe kakuhle kunye nembali. Wonke ilitye apha - emehlweni. Ugqaliselo konke ukuba lo mmandla idume, intloko-dolophu yase Kaliningrad. Amafoto, ezinika, izintlu ndlela, iinkcazelo uhambo umdla zifumaneka ngokubanzi.

Enye esise kubakhenkethi

Kuyo Immanuel Kant i nomtsalane kubakhenkethi ethandwayo. Isityebi Imbali lomzi, yasekwa Czech ukumkani Premysl II kunye iNkosi leTeutonic Order Vertgayntom imvelaphi ngo-1255, ubanjisiwe izakhiwo emininzi iminyaka eyahlukeneyo. into nganye ilitye lesikhumbuzo ngaphambil, i kwaye bobugcisa ethile yobudala. City ihlangana a zonke iindlela kwaye yenye "iimyuziyam umoya evulekileyo" eyona intle eYurophu kunye nehlabathi jikelele. Ngoko ke eKaliningrad imephu kunye neempawu zithandwa kakhulu. Phakathi ubuncwane eziyintloko esixekweni kuquka Amber Museum and Church of the Holy Family, eKaliningrad, Brandenburg Gate kunye omtsha ekhululekile yesikhungu, Cross Holy Cathedral, kunye eKaliningrad Zoo, Lower Pond, umseki kwelabafileyo bulumko German wezinto Immanuel Kant kunye Cathedral kaKristu Msindisi.

Ikhadi emzini

Kodwa mhlawumbi umtsalane inkulu Cathedral eKaliningrad, kwisixeko de ngoJulayi 4, 1946 kwathiwa Königsberg. Igama ledolophu kumaxesha, ezivele kwisayithi yehotele langoku "eKaliningrad", evela enqabeni le knight eponymous kaThixo. kweendonga zayo zakha ngokuqukunjelwa bezithanga German le Altstadt (Old Town), apho 1297 ka-1302 imigudu ka-Bishop uSiegfried okwamiswa le yecawa yokuqala Cathedral of Königsberg, leyo encinane gqitha ngobukhulu. Kwaye ke kakade 1327, ngesicelo entsha ubhishophu uJohann, Mfundisi leTeutonic esinguMyalelo siqithi yabela Knaypkofe (isici esasenza isixeko engagqibekanga ibekwe yayo kwi siqithi), isiqwenga somhlaba ukuze kwakhiwe ibandla engundoqo.

Ukohluka isonto

umhlaba island Swampiness, kunye namaxesha xa ikhaya ngalinye woxande olude, kungenxa sokuyilwa ekhethekileyo etempileni, leyo ekuqaleni ecwangcisiweyo yindlu yomthandazo kuphela le Knights. Yaba ulwandiso kuphela kwinxalenye zendlu ukuba igama 'High Iikwayara "isakhiwo nave (" Iikwayara Lower "), ibandla waba ifumaneke ngabemi abaqhelekileyo. Kuyimfuneko ukuba ucacise ukuba lo Cathedral eKaliningrad ngexesha uphila babekwa ngaphandle imisebenzi engundoqo kunye nezinye. Ngoko ke, ixesha elide ukuba ibandla kwi "Albertina" University.

Le nsimbi kwetempile engundoqo

Ukongeza, le yecawa indawo yokungcwaba yamanani ezibalulekileyo ezimbalini, ezifana umlawuli wokuqala Prussia kunye wokugqibela iNkosi edume leTeutonic Order - Duke Albrecht. Isiqwenga eliyinhloko engcwabeni wahlala kulo namhlanje.
Apha ndafumana Zola Lutter von Braunshvayt - ngunozala isonto. oonjingalwazi University i-Albertina, lo mdala Prussia, wangcwatyelwa apha, nayo. Owokugqibela kubo Immanuel Kant. engcwabeni Professorial inxulumanisa Cathedral ukuya eyunivesithi, leyo nice, kwaye nkqu kwithala lakhe Vallenrodskoy, apho yingqokelela eyodwa ngqangi yamandulo kunye nemiqulu.

nizalwe ngokutsha

Akubuzwa ukuba ekubeni intliziyo Europe, Cathedral eKaliningrad liye ngokuphindaphindiweyo elalithinjwe aphikisanayo, wabatshabalalisa, itshiswe, yakhiwe. Emva kokuba kuqhuma Amanyeneyo (British Aviation) ngo-1944, ukuze abatshabalalise zonke izakhiwo axhasayo kunye imigangatho, itempile, kwakunye njengoko batshatyalaliswa bonke Knaypkof. Bambalwa abasindayo iindonga Cathedral, ingcwaba Kant kaThixo, amanye amagumbi komhlaba. It yatshatyalaliswa kunye organ endala, wambuyisela ngo-1905. Itempile ngokwayo iye ibuyiselwe ngokupheleleyo de 1992. Yafika kuye, nomzimba omtsha. Namhlanje lomculo ezimbaxa kwisuntswana Cathedral, ezibandakanya izidumbu ezimbini (ezinkulu nezincinane), wahlukile. Nguye lo inkulu e-Europe. Isidima nezinto ezahlukileyo zakhiwo - ukukwazi ukudlala izixhobo ezimbini ngaxeshanye. ilungu Largest yeyona inkulu eRashiya, iye iirejista 90. Phoenix yakhe evelele - yintaka oko kukuthi uphawu yokuzalwa ngokutsha, kulo mzekelo, kwaye umzimba, kunye yecawa.

ubutyebi bembali

intshabalalo Major, kwakunye nomsebenzi wokwakha omkhulu, ngenxa apho kuloo ndlu yecawa waba okanye nithi, uphawu yesixeko wanyamezela kakhulu ngaphambili. Imbali kwi yecawa into engenakulibaleka kakhulu. Kuba ekwakhiweni kwayo yokuqala isiza esitsha kwakhiwa ibhulorho ebizwa Sobor. Ngokutsho kuyo, woziswa kwisiqithi ukwakha izinto ukusuka dismantle ibandla endala, kuba ibandla elitsha yakhiwa inxalenye yabo. Cathedral eKaliningrad ngoku engasebenziyo, kuba liziko inkcubeko kunye neyenkolo. Kodwa ngexesha lakhe yena engundoqo ibandla lamaKatolika kweso sixeko, yaye emva koHlaziyo senkulungwane XVI kuphela sixeko kodwa lonke Prussia le yecawa main yamaLuthere.

Bayahlelwa umzimba, kakhulu, yahlukile

Kule ubomi elide kulungiswe yecawa. Emva ukubuyiselwa yokuqala enkulu 1833 ilungu elitsha weza apha. Cathedral (eKaliningrad) kwimbali yawo yaba ezimbalwa ezi zixhobo. Eyokuqala olwalumiselwe-1695, lo wesibini - ngo-1833, kwisakhiwo yangoku - ngowama-2008 yaba liziko lonqulo kwanenkcubeko kakhulu kwathiwa, ngokufanelekileyo ingqalelo njengomfuziselo umzi, lwentando yayo. Kodwa kukho nenye Cathedral eKaliningrad - uKristu uMsindisi Cathedral. Le Church Orthodox. Nangona ngaphezu kweminyaka netakane layo (ukuba kuyitsho Alexy II, 10 Septemba 2006), lo Cathedral, wakha kumbindi wedolophu kwi Victory Square, uye imbali yayo kunye, Kakade ke, elilwela umzi. inxalenye yayo ephantsi, nto leyo imvelaphi inyuselwa khona banikela ngo-1996, "Memel" iconostasis, uyitempile uzuko emkhosini.

Memorial Church

Prince Holy German Vladimir Abazalwana idluliselwe iconostasis, wadalwa ngexesha leMfazwe kweminyaka esixhenxe leyo (1756-1763 gg.) Ngo Memel (Klaipeda) imbeko amajoni abafileyo Russian. Ke kaloku, ngomhla ngesiphakamiso Sihlalo Mnu G. A. ricky abazalwana, inxalenye ezantsi kunye iconostasis uyitempile-isikhumbuzo onke amajoni Russian bafayo kummandla Prussia kwi kweminyaka esixhenxe leyo, yaye Napoleonic, owokuqala Second World Iimfazwe. Icawa iphambili Orthodox kule ndawo uyazingca Kaliningrad. Cathedral kaKristu uMsindisi, njengokwenziwa kwe Vladimir-Suzdal lwezakhiwo, ukuphakama-73 eemitha, ekuphilwa kunye sesakhiwo kwisixeko samandulo yaseYurophu. Nje malunga yonke into Amber Capital Territory uyakwazi ukuthetha ngonaphakade. Kodwa ke kubhetele ukubona ubuhle ukuba sisityebi kakhulu Kaliningrad. Amafoto, ezinika leyo ebonisa kwi engile nenzuzo na iziphakamiso ezingcono ukutyelela umzi.

Lo mmandla yentshona Russia

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukohluka yommandla eKaliningrad, imi Central eYurophu, ilele yokuba ukuba polueksklavom Russian Federation, landlocked, kodwa musa i umda ilizwe eqhelekileyo ne-Russia.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, indawo ekhethekileyo enjalo wongeza kwezinye izinto zalo aura yomtsalane kubalandeli ezininzi "ihlabathi Western". Kunye ejensi zikuthathele ingqalelo oku ingqalelo. Kuba abahlali besixeko Russian ka eKaliningrad-Koenigsberg isibheno ngokupheleleyo. Kwakhona ikomkhulu ekupheleni yegolide evuthiweyo, apho elunxwemeni ziyabandakanywa kumaxesha ngamaxesha, njengokuba kwaba kutshanje, ezi zipho zixabisekileyo elwandle, yena iziko ezikhumbuzo zembali yokwakha eYurophu. Kwaye konke oku phezu kummandla Russia. Kuba abo badala abahlali ico Kenigsberg yenye iisimboli oyise ku Germany. Artist Great Vladimir Etush phakathi amabhaso lempi kunye imbasa "Kuba Ukuthatha of Königsberg". Phakathi kwezinye iinzuzo, lo mzi yenye iisimboli uzuko umkhosi eRashiya.

Ngokufutshane, kukho izizathu ezininzi ukutyelela kulo mzi engaqhelekanga. EKaliningrad imaphu kwemihlaba aza kuvumela pre-chaza ingqikelelo ukuhlela indlela engcono abazana babo kwesi sixeko ekhethekileyo eRashiya, ukuba ukuchonga ngokwabo izinto ezininzi, befuna indawo yabo, ubukho kufuphi hotele, izibonelelo okutya kunye ukufikelela kakhulu lula kubo bobabini uluntu ezithutha zobuqu.