CA 15-3 - ithumba isiphawuli umhlaza webele

Xa amayeza, CA15-3 (ithumba isiphawuli) lisetyenziswa uxilongo kwilebhu umhlaza webele, kwenyusa kwi serum ibonisa ubukho sifo, ingakumbi isifo oluphambili kunye ubukho metastases emzimbeni. Le lophawu yinto ebaluleke kakhulu, nto leyo iba Okukodwa eliphezulu, isicelo uphando ukujonga umgangatho unyango, kunye ukuphinda okanye Ukudlulela nelabaphumileyo. Uhlalutyo esebenzayo CA 15-3 nokuxilonga isifo amabele enjalo emangalisa ezifana carcinoma, inwebu apho okunene livela serum.

Yintoni umaka ithumba

abamakishi Ithumba kukho izinto zemvelo ezahlukeneyo, nto leyo banokuba eendaba ulwelo (ngokuqhelekileyo umchamo okanye igazi) enamandla ethile ukuze zibonise ubukho bomhlaza. Kwinkqubo diagnostic amagosa amakishayo zixhomekeke Okukodwa nobuntununtunu nethumba. Okukodwa yipesenti isiphumo esibi yabamakishi ithumba ekuhlalutyeni onempilo. Ubuntununtunu yipesenti iziphumo ezintle ezifunyenwe kwizigulane kunye nomhlaza ngezifo. Namhlanje ayikenziwa sakufumana iantigens ethile, nto leyo ngqo kunye namathuba ikhulu ekhulwini sinokunceda ukubeka uxilongo Cancer. Ithumba angandiswa, kunye nezifo yokukrala indalo ezahlukeneyo, yaye iya kwandisa ze kwinkqubo elihle.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, abamakishi umhlaza obuphantsi ziveliswa iiseli kuphela osandul. Kutshanje kuye oogqirha baqalisa ukufumana markers ngumhlaza ngabantu abaselula kunye nabantwana. Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yokuba kukho ukwehla imeko esingqongileyo, ubukho imikhwa emibi, okanye comorbidity.

indlela engcono

Ukumisela ezona ithumba njengommakishi Dynamics, ngoko umelwe ixabiso elikhulu diagnostic ngaphezu ngexesha elinye-uxilongo. Izinga apho isalathisi ukwanda ibonisa izinga lokukhula ithumba, kwaye ubukho metastases. Kwanasemva kokuba umhlaza unyango iantigens CA 15-3 kwixesha ukususela kwiinyanga iinyanga ezintandathu ukuya ezilithoba uyakwazi ukufumana ngaphambi uphuhliso umfanekiso lwezonyango. Malunga ne-80% yabasetyhini kunye nomhlaza webele kuwenza, eza ugqirha kunye oluncediswayo,-20% abafunyaniswe inkqubo somhlaza elimakishayo inyathelo lokuqala okanye lesibini kwandisa.

xa yabela

Izinto isifundo igazi, ukumisa isiphawuli CA 15-3 iliso ngokusisigxina kwaye ngexesha elifanelekileyo, ekufumanekeni of ukuphinda kusekwangoko isifo, Ukudlulela, kunye nokusebenza unyango. Kwakhona asanda kunye ezohlukileyo une yobubi kunye semibele.

Yintoni CA 15-3 (ithumba isiphawuli)

Oku ezinto ubunzima mucin-uhlobo glycoprotein eliphezulu kwaye ubunzima beemolekyuli of kilodaltons 300. Xa ithokeni eqhelekileyo zifakiwe kwi secreting iseli egqume ngaphezulu. Oku uyakwazi ukubona carcinoma amabele, kodwa ke ubukho zesi salathisi ingase elebhu kunye carcinoma of lung, ovarian, kunye gastro-wamathumbu phecana, nepancreas.

Ngapha koko CA15-3 (thumba isiphawuli) onokubangela ithumba izihlunu, oko kungenziwa ngcono kwamanye amazwe zophendlo lwezifo banda apho iseli ingeniso. Oku kunye neminye glycoproteins kusuka emzimbeni, ingakumbi egazini, imveliso sisibindi nokuba ngezifo yayo, e kwesibindi ethile, kunokuba ube njengento ezongezelelweyo uxilongo.

Ukubaluleka ekuhlaziyeni

umhlaza webele izifo kakhulu obufihlakeleyo, leyo nisaqala uphethwe kakubi. Unikele uhlalutyo igazi CA15-3 ezixabisa kwakhona ngenjongo yokuthintela, ngoko akukho amathuba Oncology kumabakala okuqala kakhulu kule nkqubo. Ukongeza, iya kwenza uxilongo ngexesha zesibindi ngezifo. ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kufuneka ihlawulwe-olusemngciphekweni izigulane abaye baphathwa, okanye amabhinqa ukuya exesheni. Ukongeza, kuyenzeka ukuba ukumisela ingozi okanye ngokuchasene noko, kufuna unyango ngoko nangoko kunye ngoncedo lwengcali.

Izifo efuna kuhlalutywe

Eyokuqala, ekufuneka athathe Uhlalutyo CA15-3 - kukuthi, njengokuba sele kukhankanyiwe, umhlaza webele, carcinoma, kunye nenkqubo kuwenza. Njengoko le protein, kunye nendawo inqununu emzimbeni wayo - iingxaki zesibindi nala nazo anikwe inkxaso. Kuqala kwinto zonke, kule meko kuyimfuneko ukuba bacinge kwesibindi, kule meko, ukwanda CA 15-3, sisithethe kule meko ilingana Units 50 ml nganye. Kwakhona ingqalelo iindlela ezongezelelweyo woviwo kwesibindi, ingakumbi ultrasound kunye histology. It histologist uyakwazi ukubeka kwindawo lokugqibela uxilongo. Ngenxa ngumhlaza ingaqala kuphela ibele, kwakunye esiswini, injeke, amaqanda kunye nemiphunga kwaye iyakhula le amalungu, ukubaluleka oluthile elimakishayo CA 15-3 lifumana kunye namadoda. analysis Dynamics liya kuhlola unyango echithiweyo ubulunga bayo.

Amaxesha amaninzi njengommakishi nokunyuka kwinkqubo nabungozi, oko kuqala kwiinto zonke izifo zikhankanywe ngasentla unamadlala mammary. izifo komzimba banike ukwanda CA 15-3. abamakishi Ithumba angandiswa nkqu kwimeko enjalo komzimba kumzimba abafazi, njengokuba ukukhulelwa, ingakumbi ngexesha leenyanga ezintathu lesithathu, isalathisi kulo mzekelo ilingana no 50 U / ml.

Ntoni? Phi? Nini?

Kufuneka nje athathe igazi apho iphuma khona, nto leyo eya kuthatha owayengumongikazi kwigumbi imithi. Nje khumbula ukuba kufuneka uthathe kucazululo isisu CA15-3 engenanto, zokucazulula ngayo kule meko bekuya kuba yechaneke ngaphezulu. serum uphando, apho uzimisele protein Cancer parameter. Ukwenza ixesha uhlalutyo iiyure ezintathu - kwaye isiphumo sekulungile. Misa uhlalutyo uyakwazi somdlavuza mammolog okanye ugqirha. Uphononongo lwe serum yegazi kwenzeka uhlahlelo immunohemilyuminestsentnogo, kwaye isiqingatha seyure phambi kokuba unikezelo yokuhlaziya kufuneka uyeke ukutshaya.

Ekubeni isidlo yokugqibela kufuneka iiyure eziyi-8 kwaye hayi ngaphezulu kwe 14. Igazi mabapase kwakhona amayeza kwangaphambili, yaye kwiiveki hayi ngaphambi kwe 1-2 emva ukupheliswa lolawulo lwawo. Ukuba iyeza akwenzeki ukuba ashiye, ngakwicala kufuneka icaciswe ngqo ukuba ngawaphi na amayeza umntu ethatha, yaye yintoni umthamo. Kusuku ngaphambi kokuba kuthinjwe zohlalutyo kufuneka inciphise umsebenzi komzimba, kwakunye akwavuma okunamafutha kunye nokutya eqhotsiweyo.

Iziphumo ezifunyenweyo

Ixabiso reference kumiselwa isalathisi kufuneka iiyunithi ngaphantsi kwe 31.3 milliliter nganye. Njengoko ukwandisa CA 15-3 nga kugweba nqanaba lenkqubo, kwaye ngakumbi waqalisa esi sifo, ubukhulu ithumba kwi ijwabu ibele. umhlaza kuwenza, ingakumbi ithambo kunye / okanye isibindi, njengoko kusenokubonisa uhlalutyo. Musa ukulibala ukuba nisaqala inkqubo CA 15-3 (ithumba isiphawuli) ligqithe eqhelekileyo. Ngokutsho manani, ipesenti ezi izigulane-25 ukuya 30, umhlaza izicwili nje ayisebenzi le protini ethile. Kwimeko ukunyuka osisigxina xi kwisiqalo yonyango nga ngokukhuselekileyo ucinge yokuswela kwakhe insebenziswano, phezu koko, inkqubo likakade.

Umphumo igqwethekile

Comorbidities ezinokuchaphazela uhlalutyo izikhombisi, yaye oku kuthathelwa ingqalelo. Kukho uluhlu yonke zezifo, eziphezu yangasemva uphuhliso inkqubo somhlaza sinokuwagqwetha result yaye ugqirha malunga nengoma engalunganga. Kwizifo ezinjalo iquka iinkqubo samathambo, isifo sephepha, sarcoidosis. Nale umphumo ube ngezifo lozhnopolozhitelen.

Uhlalutyo une CA15-3 umhlaza webele kuya kuba exabiseke ngakumbi xa ngaxeshanye isigqibo iantigens carcinoembryonic. Kwaye ukwenza uvavanyo ngokwayo ngcono kwiiveki nje ezimbalwa emva kokuqalisa unyango.

ezinye iimvavanyo

Ukuxilonga kunokwenzeka kuphela ukuba kudlula umbandela igazi nako kuba fluid pleural, ascitic (ingakumbi kwesibindi), cerebrospinal, esinganyangekiyo (cysts biopsy webele okanye ovarian) ulwelo. Ukuze kugweba sifo, kufuneka bakhokelwe nemigangatho ethile. Xa ephilayo esempilweni, ithumba isiphawuli ayidluli izinga 0 ukuya 22 IU milliliter nganye, imeko umda kufuneka ingqalelo ukususela 22 ukuya 30 IU milliliter nganye, uhlalutyo ngezifo ingqalelo, nolubonise 30 IU milliliter okanye ngaphezulu nganye.

Nezaluleko has ixabiso

abamakishi Ithumba asingabo indlela uphando kuphela evumela oogqirha ukwenza uxilongo echanekileyo. Phambi yabamakishi zomhlaza iya kuvumela ukuba esweni impumelelo yonyango okanye ukuchonga isifo kusekwangoko yophuhliso lwayo. Thatha uhlalutyo efunekayo ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka, ingakumbi emva kweminyaka 35-40.

Kunye kwinkcazelo amakishayo umhlaza akunqandwa iimviwo ze isigulane kunye nokusetyenziswa iindlela negalelo kwakunye yoviwo olubanzi lwezonyango. Xa izinga eliphezulu CA15-3 kunye nokungabikho naluphi na utshintsho ngethuba loviwo unamadlala mammary musa uphumle, inkqubo Umhlaza ukufihla kwezinye izigqeba ezifana emathunjini, isibindi, maqanda, okanye esibelekweni. Ubukho yale iantigens ngabantu ibonisa iingxaki esibindini okanye iphecana zesisu, ukuthintela ukubona CA 15-3 kwaye kufuneka kubo.

Ukunceda ukutolika uhlalutyo kuphela lwengcali uncedo, njengoko samtyhilela esizimeleyo kunokubangela ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okanye ntshikilelo, nangona ukunyuka amakishayo nabo ibonakala kwinkqubo elihle. Misa analysis inokuba oyingcaphephe kuphela, emva kokuba kwenziwe uxilongo olubanzi lwezonyango kunye nasemva anamnesis ngenyameko. abamakishi umhlaza kuvumela iingcali ukuze ukufumanisa ekuqaleni kwinkqubo sifo, kodwa indlela ebanzi kuphela kugwetywa eziphumo zokuphela konyaka.