Buddha - ngubani na le nto? Gautama Buddha

Kumashumi eminyaka akutshanje, ilizwe lethu ukuvuselela umdla unqulo. Abantu bezama ukuqonda intsingiselo yobomi uze ufumane iimpendulo kwimibuzo malunga nendlela ukuphumeza imvisiswano ukuba balahle ukubandezeleka, ndiphethulela ingqalelo yabo kuphela ubuKristu ukholo ezingundoqo kwilizwe lethu, kodwa iinyaniso izilumko yamandulo East. Enye inkolo okunjalo ubuBhuda.

Imfundiso lokuqonda

Buddhism njengento imfundiso ngokweenqobo, inkolo, intanda , kunye namasiko wazalwa BC ngenkulungwane yesithandathu kwi umntla-Indian le mpucuko yamandulo. kamva Buddhism waba senye yeenkolo amathathu ihlabathi, kunye Christianity and Islam, kwaye omdala kubo.

ngokuba ngaphezu kwamakhulu amahlanu ubuKristu weza emva kwakhe, yaye Islam - elinambini. Buddhism eyazekayo abantu ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi kwaye unqulo engundoqo kumazwe amaninzi ye-East: China, India, Nepal, eJapan, Thailand, Korea, Mongolia kunye nabanye. Kwilizwe lethu, abalandeli yayo abantu Kalmykia, Buryatia kunye yaseTuva. abalandeli kakhulu ngakumbi na le mfundiso kwi West, etsala nje kuphela exotic wayo; kodwa ke kungenzeka kuphuhliso iitalente ezininzi efihliweyo ukuba umntu ngamnye.

Buddhism kuchazwa kungekuphela nje unqulo kodwa nje yimfundiso yentanda yokuvusa kunye nokukhululwa osezingqondweni, ukukhanya kokomoya. It yasekwa Shakyamuni Buddha, ngubani na kubo bonke njengoko inkosana Indian USiddhārtha Gautama.

okungaqhelekanga Prince

Ngaziphi na ngoku Nepal i kwidolophu mandulo Lumbini, leyo BC waba lelinye lawona maphondo Indiya. Yezizathu ngo-563 BC, kwaba apha ukuba wazalwa kwintsapho yasebukhosini Prince Gautama, ngubani ilifa itrone kwafuneka ukuba aye-Raja yoyise. Kodwa nangona iNkosana akukho ndlela waza wahlala kubunewunewu, wayesoloko waziva i ukunganeliseki ngaphakathi kunye nemeko yabo. Yena ngonaphakade shi amaphupha engacacanga nemini-amaphupha, ndibe kuhlala iiyure phantsi komthunzi wemithi, ukucinga ngentsingiselo yobomi. Xa badl nzulu ngento enzulu babhekisa kuye mathuba engaqhelekanga wokukhanya lokuqonda.

Raju lwalunjani uhlobo ezothusayo unyana, waza yena uzama ukukhusela kuye kulwazi ukubandezeleka kwabantu kunye nokuFundiswa kwezeNkolo. Kodwa xa kuzalwa iNkosana omnye predictors waprofeta ukuba Gautama kufuneka abe ngumlawuli omkhulu okanye njengengcwele. Nangona kwemizamo emihle kayise, ejolise ukuzama ukwenza unyana wokumkani, nesikhulu yalungiselelwa ukuba yesibini indlela - ukukhanya kokomoya. Kwaye iye yachongwa ityala omnye, nto leyo lenzekile Gautam ukuba uhambe.

iqiniso lokuphila

Ngokutsho legend, inkosana wayefuna ukwazi okungakumbi malunga ubomi abantu abaqhelekileyo, waza waphuma ngaphandle ebhotwe. Apho wadibana omnye ngumntu omnye ogulayo, indoda endala owalupheleyo, umngcelele umngcwabo ongaqhelekanga kunye yedwa neemvakalelo. Ukususela incoko umkhonzi, waza wadibana nabantu, waqonda ukuba izifo, ukwaluphala, ukubandezeleka nokufa kukho ukungavisisani, kunye nabantu wasamkela. Gautama waqonda ukuba umntu akakwazi ukulawula ikamva labo, kangangokuba nkqu uyolo izityebi ijike ibe eluthulini, yaye ubomi akukho ntsingiselo. Ukususela ngalo mzuzu sele yalahleka ngokupheleleyo nzolo lobuntwana bakhe esakhula, nobomi kule fomu kuye akwamkelekanga kuye. Yoyisa yeqonga ukuze yonke into ehlabathini lonke, wagqiba ukuba alahle lilifa, usapho, impahla, kunye ekhaya, indela, anikezele ukuphila kwakhe ekufundweni indlela ukuphelisa ukubandezeleka ukuwalungisa.

Indlela eya ukuvusa

Kwiminyaka 29, ngoku owayesakuba Prince waqalisa ukufunda zonke ngoko-yaziwa kwi bulumko East kunye lwawo practice ukucamngca, abe ngumfundi mentors Yogi. Wakwazi bafikelele kwinqanaba eliphezulu osezingqondweni, kodwa yena akazange wanelisekile ngale, kuba utyiwa imiba kunye neengxaki zobomi ukubandezeleka yaye ayivumelekanga.

Ngoko ke, wagqiba kwelokuba ashiye mentors zakhe umhlala ngendlela kakhulu self-sentuthumbo ehlathini kumzantsi-mpuma India. Ukuba yedwa kwaye uthatha ubomi obungqabangqaba uyazidela, iminyaka emithandathu kamva, wafumanisa ukuba iindlela ezinjalo umzimba amandla ngakumbi nelifu ingqondo, kunokuba kufutshane inyaniso inkululeko ekubandezelekeni.

Ke Gautama swi nokucamngca ngayo nokuhlala kuyo, ukuze uqonde ukuba kufuneka uphephe ezibaxekileyo ngangenini self-sentuthumbo okanye ngokugqithiseleyo ukwanelisa wena uze uthabathe umendo eliphakathi. Ehleli phantsi a jambu umthi, apho kamva waziwa ngokuba umthi hadhi, wanikela ilizwi lakhe, ukuba akayi kuvuka uphume ukucamngca, kodwa akezi inyaniso.

ukuvuseleleka

Ngobunye ubusuku May kwi inyanga egcwele Gautama, ugxininise Ekuphakameni ikhwezi lokusa, zabubamba ukukhanyiselwa ngokupheleleyo. Okwangoku xa, ekugqibeleni, inyaniso kweza kuye bonke ubuhle balo, waza wafikelela ukuvuseleleka kunye nokukhululwa ingqondo yakhe. Owayesakuba Prince Gautama waba Buddha. "Buddha" - ukuba 'kuvuka, "" ukukhanyiselwa ngokupheleleyo ".

Ngelo xesha Gautama ukukhanyiselwa hayi wabona kuphela ngokucacile ubomi bakhe bonke, kodwa wayeziva uxhulumaniso yendalo lonke uluntu kwihlabathi elingabonakaliyo. Indalo yonke wavela phambi kwamehlo akhe, ngamandla akhe obungapheliyo. Ukuphumla ndawo. Yonke ufudusiwe mgama ezingaziwayo. Yonke into ehlabathini elidityaniswe, yaye kwenzeka enye nezinye iziganeko. Bonke abantu ubhubhe azalwe kwakhona. Lunxano ngokuba ubomi ephazamisa uxolo umphefumlo wakhe uze ukhokelele phezu umendo ukubandezeleka - ngoku yena ngokucacileyo uyayazi le nto. Gautama Buddha ngoku esazi oko kwakufuneka nzima ukufumana uxolo ubuncothule nyaniso ezoyikekayo nehlabathi abangafezekanga ezaliswe ukubandezeleka, iinyembezi, iintlungu kunye neentlungu.

Kumbi kunye nokuzalwa imfundiso

Ukubona yonke elukhanyweni, baza baphuma ebumnyameni yokungazi, Gautam igqibe ukufuna inyaniso ukufikelela inguqu ngokomoya. Waguquka ke yazuza ubulumko okukhulu nemfesane zonke izinto eziphilayo. Kamva, efundisa abafundi bakhe, yena ngelithi ukuba imfesane - umgangatho efunekayo, ekufuneka ukuba avuselela oyinyaniso - Buddha. Lo mhlaba bakwazi ukuqonda kuphela ingqondo bakhanyiselwa, kuba umphefumlo encinane efumanekayo, ebhadula ebumnyameni.

Tshintsha ngaphakathi, Buddha waqonda ukuba injongo yakhe nje kuphela ukonwabela iziqhamo wokukhanya bakhe, kodwa ukwenza abantu ukuvula inyaniso lwabo olukhulu. Esi sizathu siphambili nokudalwa iimfundiso zakhe. Oku kusekelwe ngoluvo lokuba ubomi - ehlupheka. The Buddha wachaza izizathu eziphambili kulo ukungafezeki. Waqiqa ngelithi inkululeko zonke ukubandezeleka kuyimfuneko ukuba kufikelelwe ukukhanyiselwa nokuphila ndivuka. Way ayimfuneko kuphuhliso yokomoya inkululeko ukubandezeleka - indlela eya Nirvana. Nirvana - urhulumente ephezulu ulwazi nolonwabo, nto leyo nako ukufikelela Buddha. Oku, uthi, ifumaneka yonke into ephilayo, kwaye wonke umntu azame ukhupho enjalo. Ngoko ke, umthetheli wangaphambili wadala imfundiso ngeenyaniso ezine amanene kunye umendo eightfold ukuphumeza ithi eziphezulu sezingqondweni.

umvangeli

Abantu abaninzi abanalwazi bakholelwa ukuba Buddha - unguthixo. Wakhanyela ke yena, esithi ukuba umcebisi kuphela abo bakhetha ukuya kwi ukuphumeza ukukhanyiselwa nokuvuka. Phambi Gautama ngokwakhe kwafuneka bakhethe enoba uya kunandipha akhululwe okanye ukunika amava abo kwabanye. "Ububele - olunye lweempawu ezibaluleke", - wathi Buddha. Oku yayibaluleke ukwenzela ukukhokela ubomi elizayo njengoko ngumshumayeli ojikelezayo. Wathabatha umsebenzi wakhe - ukuba abantu imfundiso lokukhululwa ukubandezeleka.

Kwiminyaka engama-45, i-Indian yavusa Buddha yokuqala waya kwilizwe, udluliselo amava zabo abantu kwiiklasi ezahlukeneyo iindidi. imfundiso yakhe luvuleleke kubo bonke, kude kuse nabalandeli ezinye iinkonzo kunye neengcamango. Ukugcina iimfundiso Buddha kunye nabalandeli bakhe wadala uluntu emishini, leyo wajoyina amawaka oguqula.

Kangangeenkulungwane ezininzi, iimfundiso Gautama iye andilahlekwanga ukufaneleka kwayo. Kwakhona khona ehlabathini ukubandezeleka, ukugula, indlala, ukufa neenyembezi. Kwakhona, abantu bafuna iindlela inkululeko evela bangonwabi kunye nonxunguphalo kwaye bafumane intuthuzelo ngokholo. Abaninzi babuyelayo ukuya Buddhism njengonqulo, ukukhomba indlela eya utshintsho ebomini. Kwaye bonke nezifuna kulwazi kwiimo sezingqondweni abakwaziyo ukuqonda Buddha. Ngo bulumko, le yeyona njongo iphambili kukuqonda iimfihlelo intsingiselo yobomi kunye ukubhengezwa imibuzo esisiseko yobomi.