Banks zophuhliso International. IBRD

amaziko abolekisa Regional Ukubonelela kunye noncedo lobungcali States ngenjongo kuphuhliso lwabo lwezentlalo noqoqosho. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, i-Inter-American, Afrika, iibhanki Asia. Babelana iinjongo kunye nemisebenzi. Kweli nqaku siza kuxubusha iinkcukacha iibhanki ezikhoyo uphuhliso ngamazwe.

nomgomo

banks zophuhliso International ziye zasekwa ngenxa yezizathu eziliqela:

1) ukwandisa indima yamazwe ekuhlaleni ehlabathini;

2) imfuneko ukujongana nezo zinto azisoloko kuthathelwa ingqalelo i-IMF;

3) nokutsala izibonelelo-mali yangaphandle ngeenjongo-mboleko;

4) ukukhuthaza intsebenziswano kunye nokudibana kwezoqoqosho emazweni;

5) Amalungu anomdla MRBR (kukhethwa non-zommandla) ekukhuthazeni kwamanye amazwe.

Umahluko nokufana

banks uphuhliso International banamanqanaba enomahluko ye zentlalo, zenkcubeko kunye nophuhliso lwezoqoqosho amazwe. Kodwa usukelo efanayo: ukukhuthaza kwimimandla nokukhula okubandakanya bonke. ingqalelo Kuninzi ihlawulwe ekulweni indlala Asia and Afrika.

kumazwe aphuhlileyo - Malunga isinye kwisithathu samalungu amaziko ngetyala. Baphethe kakhulu kwikomkhulu, baya kuba nefuthe lo mbutho. Naziphi na izigqibo ezithathwe iibhanki zophuhliso ngamazwe nezengingqi (IDB, ADB, AfDB), kufuneka kuvalwe yi-US, eJapan, Nigeria.

amalungu Amazwi zisasazwa ngokuxhomekeke eyinkunzi imali. Nangona, ngokutsho Charter, abaninzi kufanele ukuba amalungu engingqi, kodwa isabelo zabo namhlanje ubuncinane (malunga nama-50,02%) ngenxa yokwanda kwenani kumazwe aphuhlileyo ekwakhiweni.

IDB

I-Inter-American Development Bank - ngumbutho koorhulumente esidalelwe uboleka kwinkqubo Latin America ngo-1959. IBhodi e Washington, ibhunga lolawulo - iBhunga Elilawulayo, nto leyo inyulelwa iminyaka emihlanu. Njengenxenye zabelo 27 yommandla 20 non-regional ibhanki yakhe. capital abagunyazisiweyo - billion 34 zeerandi,-30% ye-voti ke eUnited States. Resources bazilungiselela ukusuka amazwe ezirhweba ngemali eyinkunzi. I-Bank inika-mboleko kwi-phantsi yesiqhelo zorhwebo.

ADB

I-African Development Bank yasekwa koMbutho woManyano Afrika ukukhuthaza uphuhliso loqoqosho lonke eli lizwekazi. capital Equity yi-100 ezigidi zeerandi. Loo nto inika umdla ilungu lithi ziye% 7.6 kuphela kule mali, ezinye uhlala kwi uhlobo lwentlawulo alunakuqinisekiswa. Ngaphantsi kwabo ADB ukuba imali eyongezelelweyo emarikeni of capital mboleko. Iingxaki ngezibonelelo umbutho na. Kodwa ke inkoliso capital buzinze e-Afrika.

ADB

imali Asian Development Bank zisetyenziselwa ukukhuthaza ukukhula ka-Asia kunye noqoqosho Far East. Izinze kwiiPhilippines. Iindlela zinikwa omabini ababonisi amaqumrhu asemthethweni. I-avareji Imali-mboleko - 15 lezigidi zeerandi. iindawo ezingundoqo investment - mveliso, ezothutho, ezolimo, amandla, icandelo zemali. Iimali zibonelelwa kule mali. Oluqhelekileyo uboleke kwi ngomyinge wenzala we-5% iminyaka 15-25. Wasebenzisa olulodwa kwi-siboleka ixesha elide (iminyaka 25-40) nge-1-3%. Ithuba ubabalo 3-5 no-10 iminyaka.

IBRD

International Bank for Reconstruction and Development lasekwa ngo-1944, 170 Ilungu States. Kwakhona ngokuba World. IBRD umsebenzi - uboleka ekuphuhliseni oorhulumente lizwe kunye nemibutho karhulumente. Umamkeli unyanzelekile ukuba usebenzise mali injongo ezenzelwe yona. International Bank for Reconstruction and Development liziko yamatyala ekuqaleni imisebenzi lalenzelwe ukuqwalasela ngokululama yezoqoqosho kuwo onke amazwe ehlabathini.

iimpawu yokubolekisa

amalungu ibhanki ingaba IMF kuphela angamalungu. amaziko Capital elisekwe lokubhalisa ngokungqinelana komyinge zibalelwa karhulumente ngamnye, ngokuxhomekeke amandla kwazo kwezoqoqosho. Ulahlulo liphezulu (17.5%) kunye inani leevoti (17%) ibe eUnited States. I-Bank inika mboleko kuphela nesinyibilikisi kubaboleki musa postpones iintlawulo-mboleko, ngoko akwenzeki umonakalo. Iziko sele efunde yamava yezimali projekthi. ukusebenza kwayo ngokuqhubekayo ngaphezu kwesiqingatha mali lonyaka-mali eyabelwe ngabathathi-nxaxheba.

Izibonelelo ziquka equity yebhanki nokungenisa imali mboleko eliphakathi nezexesha elide. iminikelo ilungu amele ngaphantsi kwe-5% ohlahlo lwabiwo-mali yeBhanki yeHlabathi kaThixo. Urhulumente uthenga izabelo imali pre-wavuma, nto leyo umiselwa inqanaba lophuhliso lwezoqoqosho karhulumente, kodwa uhlawula kuphela iqhezu yeendleko zabo. Ibhalansi - "imfuno imali", nje xa kunokwenzeka, ukuba ibhanki ziya kubizwa ilahleko enkulu. Le mali ingabhekiswa kuphela ukukhutshwa izitropu.

ubunkokeli

Iqumrhu lolawulo iziko loLawulo. Oku lixhomekeke kwiikomiti 5: zophicotho, ulawulo, abasebenzi, imithetho imveliso, ukusebenza iindleko. Unxibelelaniso lwe-World Bank neeBhodi IMF of leeRhuluneli ezibandakanya. Yena uhlola imibuzo efana nale: nkqubo intsebenziswano kumazwe asakhasayo, ukuncitshiswa kwamatyala kwimimandla zoshishino, uphuhliso kwicandelo labucala, kwakunye ukulungiselela iingxelo zolawulo.

CB "International Bank of Development"

IDB - iziko lamatyala Metropolitan, umsebenzi walo ongundoqo - imisebenzi nezibambiso ematyaleni, mboleko kunye RKO. Yasungulwa ngo-1994. Abanikazi ngesakhiwo lwamashishini amancinci wabonakala eMoscow: "Ingqiqo UAlexis", "FC Garant", "Galeon-TM." Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, uphuhliso loshishino lweengxelo yebhanki ukuya LLC "Intergazneft" kunye JSC "Urengoymontazhpromstroy".

Ukusekwa luquka intloko kunye ofisi ezongezelelweyo ezimbini kwikomkhulu. I-International Development Bank (eMoscow) swi ukuthenga nokuthengisa neentambo. abaxhasi Corporate babonelelwa iseti ezaziwa iinkonzo, kubandakanywa ukuboleka imali zokuhlala. Ababoleka bakhonza amashishini ikakhulu zorhwebo. abathengi Private ukufikelela kuzo zonke iinkonzo, ngaphandle mboleko auto kunye nezivumelwano zokubambisa. Kuzo zonke, iziko zemali kukho 5000 abathengi.

capital

Ubume bale net asethi isabelo esikhulu ahlala ngeentambo benkampani Russian '(45%) kunye portfolio mboleko (37%). Commercial Development Bank isixa esikhulu loovimba (48%) kunye amatyala (26%). Ekuqaleni kwikota yesithathu ka-2013 eli ziko liye umdla malunga nesinye kwisithathu ezingamatyala imarike ozalwa yokubolekisa. Ikota ubambe esele iidiphozithi lweeklayenti ezikushishino, 4% kwingxelo mali abantu. Nangona iminikelo ebonakalayo simo yeebhanki e Russia CB "IDB" ithatha indawo 373rd.

isiphelo

banks zophuhliso International adalwe yimibutho karhulumente kunye nawabucala ukwenzela ukukhuthaza inkqubela-phambili kwezoqoqosho nakwezentlalo yeentlanga. Kwakhona oludibanisa izinto ezifanayo. Kodwa nasiphi na isigqibo kwalo mbutho nga mayilungiswe amazwe inxaxheba kunye nani liphezulu leevoti.