Archimedes amandla

Genius Archimedes wakhulela kwintsapho imathematika, wafumana imfundo esemagqabini e Alexandria yaye waphila ubomi bakhe bonke kwidolophu orange yaseSirakuse. Waba ngunozala ubucukubhede yeengcingane, ngempumelelo wasebenza ingxaki ekufumaneni indawo komhlaba kunye nomthamo iimilo ezahlukeneyo kunye namaqumrhu. Amaxesha amaninzi bakhumbula ibinzana yakhe edumileyo, "Ndinike indawo eme kwaye ndiza kuhamba Umhlaba!" Ke ibinzana elithi "Eureka!" Xa yalivulayo umthetho, ogama emva igama lakhe. Kodwa ke, ukongezelela, waba sesayensi obalaseleyo kummandla geometry nezixhotyana, yaye impumelelo yakhe nobunjineli yamangalisa ababephila isibindi iimbono kunye neziphumo ezinkulu. Wakha isilinge kunye vysokopritselnym eliphosa inkqubo uyakwazi block-ngengalo ivumela ukuze uphakamise umkhombe phezu kwamanzi, kwaye basungula izipili ibhloko solntseotrazhayuschih Bawutshisa fleet yaseRoma ekungqingweni, nasekuxinweni zaseSirakuse.

Phakathi kwezinye ezifunyaniswe lebhokisi imbali kunye negama le Isazinzulu qwa yemvelo uya ngonaphakade kuhlala amandla Archimedes. Esi siphumo kwakuhambisana iimfuno: ezifunekayo ukumisela bejewellery ukunyaniseka, ukuba uyenzele isithsaba ukumkani Hiero II. ngoku ebizwa ntoni kokona ethile, wayesaziwa kakuhle nokuba ngaloo mihla, kodwa ukuba bahlole isixa imveliso ezintsonkothileyo, akucaci. Legend odibanisa lokuvula nzima umgaqo Archimedes 'ngokungenisa a izazinzulu ukuhlamba. Kakuhle eli lokubhaqwa kuxhomekeke yokuba umzimba kulwelo izenzo ukubagcina ka noArchimedes, inkcazelo leyo ndaba ingqalelo ekhethekileyo abayili ndlela lokudada, izixhobo zokusebenza ukuzala, phantsi kwamanzi, ngokunjalo izinto loLwamkelo - iibhaluni, ixhokonxa, airships, njl .

Ukuqulunqwa ezaziwa umthetho uthi ukuba ukubagcina elingana ubunzima ulwelo ukuba lenkosikazi umzimba egxile kuyo. Phantsi kwale nkcazelo imiqondiso ifomula Kulula kakhulu; ukuba sicingela ukuba umthamo umzimba uxakeke ulwelo ilingana O, kwaye inani ulwelo - p, ngoko imveliso yabo ungamandla Archimedes oyifunayo. Ifomula yokubala yayo ibhalwe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

F = p * Malunga

Amaxesha amaninzi kunokuhenda zavavanywa umgaqo Archimedes ' ngokuphathelele iigesi - mninzi kakhulu ezahlukeneyo kakhulu ulwelo kunye negesi. Kuba abagxeki baye eksperimenti ngokwanelisayo elula. Amanqindi, kunye ngobungxamo kwindawo emoyeni esikalini ibhola enkulu, umzekelo, iglasi, namatye zesinyithi zokulinganisela kuyo.

Ngoko, kwi umoya ubunzima ibhola xa kulinganiswa yi ubunzima iintsimbi kwaye ukubhala inxaki PM = ethenga. anelisekile, ngokuba izinto ngesikali. Ukuba ekuqaleni bacinga ukuba umgaqo Archimedes 'isemthethweni, ngoko ubunzima kwi ibhola nomkhosi kaArchimedes FSH kunye FG, kwaye ke imeko lizama ingabhekiswa kwakhona:

PM = Rsh1 - FSH kunye ethenga. = WG1 - FG apho Rsh1 WG1 kunye ubunzima ibhola kunye ubunzima cleaner. Emva koko uqhubeke njengoko ezifundiswa esikolweni: Rsh1 - PN = WG1 - FG, apho Rsh1 = WG1 - FG + Photoshop = WG1 + (F w - FG).

Ngoku kufuneka ukuba - imfuneko ukutyhila imixholo imikhosi ukubagcina ukuya ibhola kunye namatye: PN = p * Osh kunye fy = p * Gr.

Ukwenza amaxabiso endaweni imikhosi ukubagcina yebinzana for Rsh1.

Rsh1 = WG1 - FG + PN = WG1 + (p * Osh - p * Gr) = WG1 + p * (Osh - Oz).

Ekugqibeleni, siye kufika ubunzima ibhola ibinzana emgongxweni leyo, ngenxa yokuba Osh> uOgi, wenza kucace: ubunzima ibhola ubunzima ngakumbi ithe yakwaphula mpela ukuba ubunzima, nangona emoyeni kwaye elungeleleneyo: Rsh1 = WG1 + p * (Osh - Ogi ).

Isizathu soku sigqibo kukuba amandla Archimedes kuxhomekeke ubunzima ezithile zezulu kunye nomthamo sphere. Kulo mzekelo, khangela kwesi sigqibo ilula kakhulu - kuyimfuneko ukumpompa umoya ngaphandle kwebhokisi. Ukuba wenza oku, ungenza ngokobuqu ukuqinisekisa ukuba umthetho lo umthetho, yaye oko kwenziwa nanini na, naphi na - kokubini ulwelo kunye negesi. Ubungqina oku lishiyiwe, ubunzima ngaphambili elungeleleneyo, ibhola.

Isixhobo, ubukho ekuyeyona - umboniso rhoqo umgaqo Archimedes 'kuzo zonke iintlobo, i ngwenya. Regulation benqanawa ubunzima ekufezekisweni zonke iinketho umdla usebenzisa amatanki zokulinganisa - umzekelo ocacileyo ukusetyenziswa yokwenza izinto ezifunyaniswe mandulo kakhulu phantsi kweemeko zale mihla.