Amalungiselelo iinyosi: iintlobo, kubonakala ukuba ukusetyenziswa, abafuyi real

Bee kumphakathi ngokuxhomekeke sisifo, nto leyo maxa unyango ngesiquphe kuphela ikhokelele ekufeni kwabantu, kodwa yonke bubu. Ukwenzela ukuphepha imiphumo emibi, kuyimfuneko ukuba athathe amanyathelo kwangethuba. Kakhulu nzima zizifo usebenzisa pharmaceuticals. Nale nqwaba iziyobisi kuyimfuneko ukukhetha amachiza ilungelo ukunyanga iinyosi.

Izifo oqhelekileyo bee yoluntu

Kukho izifo ezininzi abacinezeli abameli intsapho bee. Noko ke, uyakwazi ukubona zifo zixhaphakileyo.

1. Akarapidoz. Ezi zifo causative zezi ntwala akarapis Woody. Amaninzi, le Isifo sisasazeka ngexesha ebandayo, xa abameli zoluntu bee kufutshane kunye. Ngeli xesha, ntwala behamba besuka bee omnye komnye. Ingozi siyifumana yokuba intsapho owosulelekileyo unako ukudlulisela ukuya ntolovelo-5, edlula usulelo ukuba abaseleyo zasehlotyeni uluntu bee. Ngenxa yoko, akarapidoz ekhokelela ekufeni inani elikhulu iintsapho bee.
2. Askosferoz. I-arhente causative yi ngundo umngundo. Ixesha isifo alunyangwanga kukhokelela ekubeni usapho onesibetho ixesha ngentla. Ubukho esi sifo iboniswe bubukho imibungu zidumbu kwi indlwane bee.
3. Aspergillosis. Sisifo esosulelayo esibangelwa ngundo. Kumzimba causative uyakwazi ukwenzakalisa yonke nje kuphela abantu bee ekuhlaleni, kodwa nezilwanyana zasekhaya kunye nabantu.
4. Varroa. Enye izifo ixhaphakileyo. I-arhente causative yi nemalanana Varroa. Ingxaki ephambili yeyokuba kule sikwinqanaba lokuqala Varroa lwenzeka phantse nazimpawu.
5. isifo Gniltsovaya. Igama sifo ngenxa yokuba iinyosi abanesi sifo kufa jikisa enobunzima elinukayo. Kumanqanaba okuqala sifo isenokungabi kwabonakala ngisho beekeeper onamava, njengoko inxalenye yokuqala zibhubha encinane kwindawo baye baba abadala abosulelekileyo.
6. Nosema. Ehlotyeni, isifo nazimpawu. Imiphumo sifo zibonakala kuphela xa kuqala ubusika ekwindla nasebusika, xa abantu abosulelekileyo zenziwa buthathaka baze bafe.

unyango akarapidoza leenyosi

Amachiza isebenzayo ukunyanga akarapidoza iinyosi "Folbeks" yaye "Polysan". Omabini la machiza ziyafumaneka ngohlobo imicu, apho beekeeper kufuneka ibekwe ngaphakathi kwindlwane bee. Phambi ngokubeka imicu ngqo ngaphakathi kwindlwane kufuneka ngomlilo. Kwakhona "Tedio" ngempumelelo ngohlobo amacwecwe. Phambi imicu avuthayo kufuneka ukuyinqumla njengendlu yentaka esuselweyo, avale zonke izikhewu, kwaye encotsheni iindlwane bee oilcloth. Emva ngokubeka iziyobisi ngaphakathi, avale zonke Ekungeneni. Ukuqhutywa unyango-kwakhona kufuneka izihlandlo ezi-6 ukuya ku-10 kunye njalo ngeentsuku 2-3. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ichiza ibekwe ngaphakathi endlwaneni bee, akabi kwaye lungaqhubeka. Ukwenza inkqubo yonyango kufuneka ngokuhlwa, emva iinyosi kwasehlotyeni.

Kwakhona, ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi zilandelayo ukuphatha ezisezweni akarapidoza: Fourier ulwelo "Tedion", "Folbeks", "Bipin." Ukuze bahlukane zesi sifo, kunokwenzeka ukuba ukusebenzisa oxalic acid, nitrobenzene, monochlorobenzene.

Amalungiselelo kunyango askosferoza

unyango askosferoza ukuze kwenziwa amayeza abantu ezizodwa kunye neziyobisi. Ichiza ngokukuko iinyosi ekulweni askosferozom yi "Unisan". Kubadle ukulungiselela kakhulu ukonga: 1 ml kufuneka exutywe kwisiqingatha ilitha yamanzi ashushu. Isisombululo eliphuma ngokwaneleyo ukunyanga zonke iiseli. Kufuneka ukutshiza i zokuhlala ibekwe ngaphakathi iinyosi. Lokuchophela isakhelo esinye kufuneka Akukho ngeemililitha ngaphezulu kwe-12 ulwelo. Phinda inkqubo wokutshiza kufuneka ube zonke iintsuku ezintathu ukugqiba Ukunyamalala zonke iimpawu zesi sifo.

unyango aspergillosis

Ukuba isifo ingqinwa bezilwanyana, kuyimfuneko ukuseka ulawulo wokuvalelwa lonke apiary. Emva koko umele ukufumana imiyalelo eneenkcukacha kwi unyango leenyosi kunjalo, ukuba esi sifo awusebenzisi nasekuphumezeni iinkqubo zonyango njengoko kufanelekile.

Kuba unyango lwe aspergillosis amalungiselelo afanelekileyo ukwenzela iinyosi, ezivunywe lisebe lwezilwanyana, angala "Askosan", "Unisan", "Askomizol". Kubalulekile ukuqwalasela ukuba ukuziphatha unyango uyacebiswa kuphela ukuba inani leenyosi ezichaphazelekayo esezantsi. Ukuba HIV iintlobo ezininzi bee, indlela kuphela beekeeper iya kuba ukutshatyalaliswa kwamathole kunye nabantu abadala isalfure dioxide. Lobusi Akuyomfuneko ukuba aqhumisele, kunye nezindlu bee ukuba aqhube kweentsholongwane ngokucokisekileyo.

Ukuba abantu abachaphazelekayo kancinane, kuyimfuneko ukuba iqalise le nkqubo yokubulala. Kodwa phambi kokuba kuqale luchebnogo khosi kufuneka ukomeleza amathanga ababuthathaka kunye neekumkanikazi ezichatshazelwe aspergillosis indawo ngabantu abasempilweni. Emva koko, ke inyanzelekile ukuba iinyosi ukucoca ezindlwini zazo kunye amathanga bee zinika imali eyaneleyo yokutya.

Kuthetha ukuba varroatosis unyango

Kukho iindlela ezininzi ukuze kuliwe Varroa, phakathi kwabo - ukusetyenziswa oluhlanganisiweyo iindlela emzimbeni imichiza, unyango amachiza ezonyango, ukusetyenziswa asidi kunye neeoli ezixabisekileyo neendlela nemvelo.

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba unyango kakhulu olusebenzayo ziya kusekelwa indibaniselwano iindlela ezininzi omzabalazo.

Amachiza ngokukuko ekunyangeni iinyosi ezo varroatosis njenge "Phenothiazine" "Oxalic acid" "Apigard" "Apistan". Kubalulekile ukufunda ngenyameko imiyalelo phambi kokusebenzisa amayeza, njengoko ukusetyenziswa ngokungafanelekanga beziyobisi kungabangela rhurha kwi pathogen, phawula, kwaye unyango ziya ingaphumeleli.

ukusetyenziswa ngobuchule kunye ezikhuselekileyo 'Akarasana ". It is a drug yonyango leenyosi bachatshazelwa sesi sifo. Le nkqubo kufuneka wenziwe kanye ngeveki. Ukuba Ngeentlobo ngaphandle Nzalandini, iinyosi kufuneka ukhombise ngosuku.

Amalungiselelo ezisezweni "Amitriz" yaye "Flyuvalinat" nazo ekulweni isifo usapho bee. Isetyenziswa la machiza ukuba iinyosi emthonjeni. Ukusetyenziswa ngendlela eyiyo "Bipin-T." Nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa kwalo kunokubangela ukuziphatha ngxwaba leenyosi ngokunxulumene isibeleko. Oku kungenxa kubukho candelo zeziyobisi ukuba incasa ethile.

Sebenzisa iyeza kuphela ukunyanga amathanga bee hayi buthathaka kakhulu. ukusetyenziswa kweemali contraindicated loluntu buthathaka. Unyango lokuqala lwenziwa ngoko nangoko emva uqokelelo yobusi. A Inkqubo yesibini kufuneka kwenziwe ngaphambi ebusika. ukufunda ngenyameko imiyalelo, kuba ukuba izithako eziyityhefu neziyingozi kumafa lisiqwalasele ukusebenzisa beziyobisi. kufuneka liphindwe A inkqubo unyango, kunye kudluliswe iveki enye.

Funds ukuba balwe gniltsovoy nezifo

Emva kokuqinisekisa uxilongo ziingcali kwimowudi wokuvalelwa apiary. Ukuba hit iintsapho, unyango alilungile, nendlela kuphela iba ukutshatyalaliswa ngokupheleleyo usapho. Ukuba usapho enkenenkene ukugcina nokubuyisela yahluma, chitha yotyando iinyosi ezindlwini ecocekileyo. Ukwenza entamo kuyimfuneko ebusuku. Emva kokuba ukufakelwa, kufuneka sizondle njalo iinyosi isiraphu amayeza. Oko engekabili iseli okanye itshizwe kubo neenyosi (ukuba iinyosi akwavuma ukwamkela isiraphu). Ikhosi konyango lwenziwa zonke iintsuku 5-7 de bachache ngokupheleleyo. Ukwenzela ukuphepha ukwenzeka sifo, kucetyiswa ukuba ukondla isiraphu iinyosi esempilweni.

Ukuveliswa isiraphu zonyango

Ngokuba ulungiselelo lwamayeza iyafuneka isiraphu iswekile kunye neziyobisi. Njengesakhi elipheleleyo amayeza afanelekileyo ezisezweni "neomycin", "Erythromycin" "Tetracycline", "Oxytetracycline". Kuba ekubaleni idosi ezifunekayo ekuqaleni ukuze baqonde indlela kufuneka isiraphu iswekile, ngokusekelwe kwinani iintsapho abachaphazelekayo. Xa isitrato sasinye ngokwaneleyo ulwelo unyango 100-150 g. Kuba litre nganye isiraphu ufuna ukongeza omnye amachiza ngasentla.

Iindlela ngayo neomatozom

Inqanaba ezingundoqo unyango luthathwa ezindlwini ezinjenge. Ucoceko ikhutshwa phandle nesisombululo 2 ekhulwini yesoda uthuthu okanye lye. Emva kokugqitywa kwenkqubo lokuphathwa isisombululo ezindlwini zazo ngesepha okanye ngokuyitshisa. iinyosi ezisempilweni emva spring izilwanyana fly-ibekwe zisendlwini non-sifo, kwaye nabagulayo zisekhusini yaye alungiswa kubola.

Kuba unyango lwe gciwane, ezi zilandelayo iziyobisi: "Nozematsid" kwi ngumgubo ifomu "enteroseptol" ngohlobo lwe pilisi, "Fumagilin" njengezingxobo. "Nozematsid" Amaxesha amaninzi kusetyenziswa.

Uthintelo zesi sifo iinyosi

Ukuze kuphetshwe izifo ezahlukeneyo iinyosi, kufuneka ibe kubhenela rhoqo amanyathelo othintelo:

• izindlu ezisezweni kufuneka igcinwe icocekile;
• indawo ezindlwini zazo kufuneka iindawo ezomileyo nefudumeleyo;
• aqhube kulinywe rhoqo umhlaba phantsi nezindlu;
• iintsapho bee zibonelela ukutya umgangatho kunye nobungakanani eyaneleyo;
• precluding ukuphululwa ezazakhiwe kwimozulu embi;
• Kuphephe nokukhuthaza uphuhliso emizalwaneni nokusebenzisa imithi ukuze uphephe buthathaka omzimba kweentlobo bee.

Ukusetyenziswa ngendlela eyiyo ichiza "Kas" ukuba iinyosi kuthintelo varroatosis. amachiza Uninzi ngokuba unyango kunye nothintelo lwezifo leenyosi wavelisa JSC "Agrobioprom". Amalungiselelo neenyosi le umenzi zande kuphela eRashiya kodwa phesheya. Kumayeza Chinese ezisezweni zingasetyenziswa iindlela ezizezinye yothintelo. Njengoko ichiza othintelo iphumelela "Lozeval 'ukuba iinyosi, esetyenziswa entwasahlobo emva kokuba yafakwa yokuqala. Akukho Izimo ukusetyenziswa sixhobo. Noko ke, iingcali ezinamava yaleza ukusebenzisa ngayo kubushushu alithe gangqa-18.

Lozeval ezisezweni

Ichiza isetyenziswa njengesisombululo, nto leyo ubunjwe amacandelo amabini: medicament kunye namanzi. Kuba ukwinkqubo ithanga inyosi kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa ml-5 "Lozevalya" 300 c. amanzi. Ukunika isisombululo imfuneko ukuphatha i iseli okanye ibekwe ulwelo lwezonyango ngqo izinga feed ml 50 usapho bee nganye.

Yenza le nkqubo kufuneka kathathu zonke iintsuku ezimbini. Ikhosi ye unyango kufuneka kwenziwe phakathi evekini. Koko wenze ikhefu ngeveki.

Ukuphonononga malunga ichiza ngaphezu HIV. Iingcali qaphela ukuba emva kokuba ukusetyenziswa njengendlela yokwandisa abantu abakhubazekileyo. Ukusetyenziswa ngendlela eyiyo "Lozevalya 'ukuba unyango leenyosi sifo. Ingasetyenziswa ukukhawulezisa inkqubo impiliso size siphephe kubambisa iintlanzi nezinye iinyosi.

Lithetha "CAS-81"

iindlela ezisebenzayo ukuphelisa esi sifo uthathwa ukuba ichiza "CAS-81 'ukuba iinyosi. Uncedo engundoqo kuqamba yendalo ithetha. Izithako eziphambili ukrakra njengomhlonyane kunye pine amathupha. Kubalulekile ukuya kumalungiselelo izinto ekrwada ukuba ichiza, ekubeni kuqokelelwe macandelo kufuneka zenziwe ngamaxesha athile. Umhlonyane kuyimfuneko ukuvuna izityalo ngexesha ikhula kwaye ngethuba lokudubula kweentyatyambo. A ithupha pine zikhiwa ngexesha ikhula.

Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi kuboniswe varroatosis kunye nosema ukunyanga abantu ababuthathaka. Ukongeza, ichiza kukhuthaza uphuhliso ekuqaleni amathanga spring bee, ngaleyo ndlela kwande imveliso ye bee ukumkanikazi.

isiphelo

Leenyosi inkqubo zazivelela fumene ukukwazi ukuthintela kukuvela nezifo ezininzi. Kodwa ke phezu kwalo, kukuvela sifo waphawula kaninzi. Kufuneka ixesha ukuchonga pathogen, uxilongo kunye izincomo unyango yentsapho bee.

Xa ubhaqo emva sifo kuphela ukhetho inokuba kokupheliswa iintsapho bee. Ukuze kuthintelwe oku, ukuba kuyimfuneko kwisethi iphela amachiza ezonyango kukuba ukukhetha isixhobo eya ayincedi azisinyangi abantu buthathaka, kodwa kuya kuthintela kwakhona bohlaselo.