All of Generalissimo wehlabathi; uluhlu neefoto

Generalissimo - lo elifomatiweyo iphezulu ukuba bafumane emkhosini. Eyona special kukuba kaninzi ayithethi ukunika i-ngenkonzo ende okanye kokukhokelwa kunye nempumelelo ebalaseleyo ukuya looMawokhulu. Okokuqala, le ngxelo Zinjalo ngenkulungwane XX, xa wafumana itayitile abantu ngokoqobo iiyunithi ehlabathini lonke. iimpawu ezizodwa, ayikho yonke emkhosini hlukile phantse yonke generalissimo. Uluhlu edume kakhulu kubo kuya kuxoxwa kolu phononongo.

ulwazi zembali

Igama elithi "generalissimo" yi Latin bubonakala "eyona nto ibalulekileyo emkhosini." Kwaye ngenene, ngokuba lonke ixesha lasisiseko senkcubeko yoluntu ekungazanga kubekho singangaso kwirenki ephakamileyo yasemkhosini.

Ngokuba lixesha lokuqala wanika irenki liphezulu 1569 ngu uKumkani uCharles IX waseFransi, umninawa wakhe, waza kamva ezihlangwini zakhe phezu kwetrone waza waba ezaziwayo lihlabathi phantsi kwegama Henry III. Noko ke, ngoko ke akukho isihloko ngokukhawuleza, kwaye ngesiqu. Wathi umfana kweshumi elinesibhozo, ekuthe ngaye kwazalwa uHenry, obubi ngexesha umahluko kakhulu kwi edabini.

Ngaphezu koko, lo gama kuwongwa kumazwe ahlukeneyo, ngokufuthi ngaphandle systematization kwaba. Kwezinye iimeko oku okunene isithuba liphezulu emkhosini, kunye nezinye - nje isihloko, inxalenye karhulumente eyabelwe isikhundla yobomi, lo gama abanye - kuphela ngexesha impi. Ngoko ke akukho ekupheleni Generalissimo zamaXesha Aphakathi zaye ezinxulumene emkhosini.

Enye generalissimos abadumileyo eli xesha yaba jikelele omkhulu oyiNgcwele baseRoma uBukhosi, Albrecht von Wallenstein, eyaduma ngexesha leMfazwe Years Engamashumi (1618 -. 1648 gg).

Kwaye yintoni eRashiya?

In Russia isikhundla generalissimo kuqala abagunyazisiweyo ngokusemthethweni irhuluneli Alexander Sergeyevich Shein Tsar Peter I ngowe-1696 emva kokuba iphulo Azov yesibini.

Emva koko, le ngesiqu bawongwa Duke Alexander Danilovich Menshikov. Noko ke, wahlala apho iinyanga ezimbalwa kuphela waza Ndixuthwe uluhlu yakhe, wawa nenkoliseko. Akukho ixesha elide yaba elikwinqanaba generalissimo loMlawuli John VI uyise Russian Anton Ulrich, ezizezi de linjengokubhukuqwa yonyana wakhe. Ilandelwe ngo-1741.

Kodwa ke umnini idumileyo kwesihloko generalissimo eRussia inkokheli omkhulu wamajoni, liye ngokuphindaphindiweyo Waloyisa Turks and isiFrentshi, uAleksandr Vasilevich Suvorov (1730 -. 1800 gg). iphulo yakhe edumileyo Italian weza phantse zonke iincwadi impi. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba, inani uloyiso bakhe ukumonelwa ngawo onke generalissimo ehlabathini. uluhlu Suvorov of zafezwa iyamangalisa ngokwenene.

Generalissimo kwinkulungwane XIX

XIX leminyaka wanikela kwabeMi yabantu ezibalaseleyo kunikwa le isihloko. Phantse yonke generalissimo eli thuba iinjengele ezinkulu. Le ngaphandle mhlawumbi ukuba Duke Angulemskiy Lyudovik, ngegama nokuba ixesha lokuba imizuzu engamashumi amabini ukuya kutyelela uKumkani yaseFransi.

Abanye bonke Iinjengele, wazingqina njengawayefaneleka Generalissimo wehlabathi. Dwelisa kubo isicoco oyiphumeleleyo odumileyo Bonaparte - British Duke Artur Uelsli Vellington. Ukongeza, le isihloko wafumana iinjengele udume kangaka, njengoko Austria iTshawe Charles, Generalissimo of America Miguel Hidalgo, Prince Karl Philipp zu Schwarzenberg, Jikelele UNapoleon Jean-Baptiste Zhyul Bernadot, wawongwa irenki iphezulu zomkhosi njengoKumkani Carl XIV Johan, the wohlobo Prince Karl filipp imvelaphi Verde.

Kodwa uBukhosi Russian, nangona inani elikhulu yeenjengele Ufanele, akukho namnye kwinkulungwane XIX khange wawongwa isihloko Generalissimo.

generalissimo oMkhulu leminyaka yokugqibela

Le kwinkulungwane yamashumi amabini bazisa impi ezinkulu ezimbini ezininzi iimfazwe zasekuhlaleni. Oku kuye kwabangela ukuba kube yamazwe amaninzi, nto leyo ngokufuthi nkokeli uphakamileyo abazibandakanya post yoluntu kunye yombutho ngexesha elifanayo. Phantse yonke Generalissimo kwenkulungwane yama-20 ezo iintloko karhulumente. Ezi ziquka ezifana abanegama njengentloko yiSoviet Union iosif Stalin, umongameli we Republic of China Chan Kayshi, uzwilakhe Spanish Francisco Franco, intloko DPRK Kim Ir Sen, kunye nabanye. Makhe sijonge iibhayografi zabo, funda ngaphezu sadlula yaye oko ukwenza generalissimo enkulu yehlabathi. Iifoto kunye iibhayografi abantu nabadumileyo thaca ngezantsi.

Sun yat-sen - le generalissimo sokuqala senkulungwane XX

Sun yat-sen (1866 - 1925 gg.) - laseburhulumenteni, revolution nenkokeli the Republic of China. Yena wawongwa le isihloko ebalulekileyo phambi kwezinye Generalissimo zehlabathi zenkulungwane yama-20.

Yaba Sun yat-sen yaba phambili kwisiseko olululo i-Chinese iKuomintang Party. Ngethuba nomzabalazo amandla emva revolution ekubhukuqweni ukumkani eTshayina, urhulumente kuye kwasekwa ezantsi. Sun yat-sen waba kuyo i-ofisi ephezulu - Generalissimo of the Military Government of kweNational China.

De kube sekupheleni kobomi bakhe, walwa wahlaba umtyangapho wekhwelo lokumanywa lizwe bengatshatanga wentando yesininzi, kodwa ukufa kwakhe ngo-1925 kuthintele kule meko.

Chan Kayshi - Mongameli weRiphabliki China

Mhlawumbi edume Chinese Generalissimo kwinkulungwane XX waba Chan Kayshi (1887 - 1975 gg.).

Le inkokeli omkhulu wamajoni wezopolitiko ngo-1933 emi eqeqesha iKuomintang, nto leyo eneneni wagidima ngakumbi ngoko nangoko emva kokufa Sun yat-sen. Yaba nguye lowo zanyanzelisa ekuqaleni phaya kuMntla hambo ngo-1926, nto leyo eza kwandisa ngokubonakalayo kwemida yeRiphabliki China ebudeni bemfazwe yamakhaya. Ngowe-1928, Chan Kayshi waba yintloko karhulumente.

Ngo-1931 waqalisa ehlasela Japanese ka naseManchuria, yaye ngowe-1927 waqhekeza imfazwe evulekileyo, apho Chan Kayshi yathatha inxaxheba. Ngelo xesha ke wawongwa isihloko Generalissimo. Emva kokuba ngoloyiso yimikhosi eManyeneyo phezu Japan ebudeni beMfazwe Yehlabathi II e China, imfazwe yamakhaya imfazwe phakathi abaxhasi iKuomintang kunye ngamaKomanisi ukhokelwa Mao Zedong. Chan Kayshi wakhokela umkhosi wakhe woyiswa kwaye kwafuneka ukuba siphumele Taiwan. Kukho urhulumente iKuomintang of the Republic of China kwasekwa. Chan Kayshi wahlala umongameli we urhulumente ngokupheleleyo eyaziwayo de kwasa ekufeni kwakhe ngowe-1975.

Iosif Stalin - yinkokeli eSoviet Union

Iosif Vissarionovich Stalin (Dzhugashvili) (1878 - 1953) -. Sezopolitiko Outstanding, inkokeli eSoviet Union. Kwaba ebudeni bolawulo lwakhe, eSoviet Union wavuka iza ngexabiso waloyisa ku Germany. Kuba lo nguye wawongwa isihloko Generalissimo. Yaba kokokuqala ezimbalini zeli lizwe ukususela kwixesha Suvorov.

Emva uloyiso-Oktobha Revolution, Stalin waba inkokheli ephezulu karhulumente abatsha. Emva kokufa uLenin kaThixo wazuza isandla lasentla, ukulwela kwisiqingatha sesibini 20 eso inkokeli kuphela eSoviet Union.

Stalin yamsukela nkqubo iye yabangela ezininzi eziphikisanayo izimvo phakathi mbali ngenxa ngumkhinkqi wayo, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha - ubundlobongela, repressions abaninzi. Kwaye, nangona kunjalo, isiphumo ebonakalayo sele iphunyelelwe, njengoko eSoviet Union kumazwe kunye liwa, emva kuqoqosho imfazwe yamakhaya atshintshe ngokukhawuleza abe amandla ezoshishino.

Stalin kunye War Enkulu Patriotic

Ngoko nangoko emva kokuba kuhlaselwa ngequbuliso German kwi ummandla waseUSSR, kwacaca ukuba nomkhosi wasondela umlo ngequbuliso. amajoni Reich babenyuka ngokukhawuleza, yaye amajoni ethu layohlala emhlabeni, nto leyo iilahleko ezinkulu zabantu. Wines kwi ukungafuni yomkhosi ubukhulu becala lixhomekeke kwi Stalin.

Sekunjalo, iindleko iinzame ezinkulu ze-Red Army wakwazi ukuba baphinde bakuthembe kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II, ziphose emva utshaba ngaphaya kwemida yeli, uze emva koko uthabathe Berlin.

Oku, naye, kwaba impumelelo ebalulekileyo Iosifa Stalina njengentloko karhulumente kunye ephakamileyo ngqwayi. Ngaphandle iintsilelo kwiinyanga zokuqala yemfazwe, wakwazi ukulawula le meko kwaye khetha isigqibo ngobuchule ilungelo ahlele amabutho. Kuba ezi mpumelelo, Stalin wawongwa irenki liphezulu emkhosini - Generalissimo. Le Isikhundla yabelwa kuye isigqibo Ephakamileyo yiSoviet ye-USSR ngoJuni 1945. isikhundla Military , Wahlanganisa ukubetha umsebenzi ubunkokheli karhulumente, njengoko, eneneni, ngelo xesha, kunye nezinye Generalissimo wehlabathi. Uluhlu imbasa le zesigaba esiphezulu kwilizwe lethu igubungela nje iosif Stalin.

Francisco Franco - uzwilakhe of Spain

Francisco Franco (1892 - 1975 gg.) - enye amanani ixakayo kwimbali yale mihla. Kodwa ke, nangona kunjalo, izenzo zakhe wamvumela ukuba odumileyo ngaphantsi kwe kwezinye Generalissimo wehlabathi. uluhlu Franco yimpumelelo kakhulu ibanzi kwaye ibandakanya zombini nezenzo ejolise, Kakade ke, ngenxa ezilungileyo eSpeyin, kunye nezigqibo zephonografi.

World-edumileyo caudillo, njengokuba kwaba ngesidima emva kokuba amandla, ezifunyenwe yi ukuhlela 1936 mbho- eSpeyin. Ngelo xesha wafumana itayitile Generalissimo. Ukusebenza Republican kwiMfazwe Civil, ngenkxaso lwamaNazi Germany kunye zwilakhe Italy, waba phantse umlawuli yedwa Spain, ukumisela ulawulo kweli lizwe.

Emva kokuqala kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II, Franco wathabatha ecaleni namahlakani, kwaye bazama ukugcina cala, apho, njengoko imbali iye yabonisa, yaba sisigqibo sobulumko kakhulu. Oku wamvumela ukuba ukugcina amandla emva 1945. Enyanisweni, walawula eSpeyin de kwasa ekufeni kwakhe ngowe-1975, enikezela ulawulo karhulumente uKumkani Juan Carlos I.

Ngenxa yoko, ngenkulungwane XX Franco wahlala ngamandla elide ngakumbi kunaso nasiphi na Generalissimo wehlabathi. Zonke lilawula, edibanisa kwizikhundla ephezulu karhulumente kunye emkhosini, kwiminyaka engama-36 ubudala.

Kim Ir Sen - umsunguli North Korean

Kim Ir Sen (1912 - 1994 gg.) - inkokeli yokuqala umsunguli North Korea. ixesha elichithwa na kwi kwirenki zomkhosi liphezulu kule nkulungwane yama-20, ngaphantsi zonke generalissimo behlabathi - kancinane ngaphezu emibini nje kuphela iminyaka.

Kim Ir Sen wazalelwa Korea ngo-1912. Ibali lobomi bakhe kusekho okuninzi impikiswano, nangona iimfihlakalo ezithile ligutyungelwe phantse zonke generalissimo behlabathi. Amagama ngethuba imisebenzi yakhe revolution Kim Ir Sen watshintsha ngokufuthi, nangona ngokuzalwa yena Kim Iingoma Ju.

Ngowe-1945, Kim Ir Sen waba usihlalo Communist Party of Korea, kwaye ukusuka kunyaka ozayo - intloko imeko entsha yaseKorea yaBantu Republic Democratic. Kule 50 yophuka wakhupha empi ne-South Korea, zixhaswa yi-United States. Kodwa, enyanisweni, umlo akazange ukuba nabani na inzuzo ebambekayo. Le mfazwe yaphela ngaphandle winner ecacileyo.

Emva koko, Kim Ir Sen swi nemicimbi zasekhaya. ulawulo lakhe wayenxibe iimpawu ezikhanyisayo authoritarianism nobuntu ihlelo. Ngowe-1992, kwiminyaka emibini ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe, Kim Il Sung wawongwa isihloko Generalissimo.

Generalissimo: indima zembali

indima Historical phantse wonke umntu owaziwayo ukuba isikhundla liphezulu emkhosini, kunzima ukuba zazi. Igalelo enkulu kwimbali wenza phantse yonke Generalissimo wehlabathi. Dwelisa uloyiso zabo impumelelo ezifumaneka nayiphi na incwadi embalini. Kwaye ke ukukhunjulwa kwabo ipasisiwe ngelizwi lomlomo.

Kwaye oku ayimangalisi, kuba ubuqaqawuli impumelelo zomkhosi kunye norhulumente kukodwa lesikhumbuzo ukuba loo manani odumileyo enembali generalissimo yehlabathi. Amagama Suvorov, Wallenstein, Menshikov, Sun yat-sen, Stalin, Kim Il Sung, kunye namanye amanani ezaziwayo-kakuhle uya kusoloko kuba yinxalenye yembali.