Zvyagilsky Efim Leonidovich: biography, isithombe, intsapho

Iziagilsky Yefim Leonidovich ungomnye wezopolitiko abanamava e-Ukraine. Nguye kuphela umntu owayengumphathi weentlanganiso zonke ze-Verkhovna Rada. Phantse yonke imbali yezopolitiko yaseYukraine yayingenakho ukuthatha inxaxheba. Ngaloo ndlela, umfanekiso obalulekileyo kakhulu yi-Zviagilsky Efim Leonidovich. I-biography yale ndoda iya kuba yintloko yesingxoxo.

Ukuzalwa kunye nobuntwana

U-Zvyagilsky uEfim Leonidovich wazalelwa ngoFebruwari, inzima kwi-Ukraine ngo-1933 kwintsapho yamaYuda kwidolophu yaseStalino, njengoko kwakuthiwa yiDonetsk. Uyise, uLeonid Zvyagilsky, wayengumkhonzi omncinci.

U-Yefim omncinci waya kwisikolo somzi wakubo, kwaye emva kokuphumelela kwakhe wangena kwiDonetsk Industrial Institute kwiCandelo leMigodi.

Ukuqala komsebenzi

Emva kokugqwesa kwiyunivesiti ngo-1956 kwaye ufumene udidi lwezobunjineli, u-Efim Leonidovich Zvyagilsky waqala ukusebenza kwi shishini lokumbiwa kwamalahle. Waqala umsebenzi wakhe ngo-1957 njengomncedisi kwi-site yesiza sam.

Emva kokuba ubonise izinga eliphezulu lobuchwepheshe, ukunyamekela, ukunyamezela, kwaye ngenxa yempawu zakhe, uEfim Zvyagilsky wathola igunya ngokukhawuleza phakathi kwabameleli bomsebenzi kunye kunye nabaphathi bakhe. Unako ukuphakanyiswa kwisithuba senkosi yam engu-13, eyayiyinto yokwethemba "Kuibyshevugol".

Kwiindawo ezikhokelayo

Ekugqibeleni, emva kweminyaka elishumi elinesithathu yokusebenza kanzima kwizikhundla zokulawula, ngo-1970 wamiselwa njengomlawuli we-Kuibyshev ulawulo lwemijelo efanayo. Ekugqibeleni, ngowe-1979, i-Zviagilsky Yefim Leonidovich yaphakanyiswa kwinhloko yomgodi waseZasyadko, owawungowona mkhulu wamashishini amashishini angamalahle omkhulu aseSoviet Union kwaye kwakunokuhlulwa kwesakhiwo seDonetskugol.

Inkokeli yayingalunganga, ibeka uYefim Leonidovich kwindawo efanelekileyo. Sekudlule inyanga emva kokuqeshwa kwakhe, i-mine yazalisekisa imimiselo ecwangcisiweyo yokukhutshwa kwamalahle, okwakungekho iminyaka emininzi. Ngomnyaka olandelayo, iirekhodi zezigidi ezingama-1.6 zeemali zaphakanyiswa, ezadlula umlinganiselo wonyaka odlulileyo ngo-25%. Ukongeza, iindleko zamalahle ngenxa yesingqinisiso sobugcisa kunye nesentlanganisweni i-Zvyagilsky yayisithuba sokuqala ngexesha elide ngaphantsi kwilungiselelo, okwavumela ukuba i-mine ithathe ngaphandle kwenkxaso-mali yombuso kwaye ishintshele ngokupheleleyo ukuzineliseka.

Ukongezelela, ngexesha lokulawulwa ngokuthe ngqo kwimijelo ye-Yefim Zviagilsky, ukuqhutyelwa kwayo kwimihla ngemihla kwenziwa rhoqo, ubuchwepheshe buye kwafakelwa inxaxheba ekunciphiseni ingozi yokuqhuma, kwakunye nokwandisa ukuphuphuma umoya kwiindawo zokusebenza.

Impumelelo yeYefim Leonidovich Zvyagilsky yaqatshelwa kwizinga eliphezulu. Ngomnyaka we-1986, ngokwemigqaliselo ye-Presidium ye- Supreme Soviet yase-USSR, wafumana isihloko seHer of Laborist Labor.

U-Zvyagilsky wasula kwi-post of director of mine yaseZasyadko ngasekupheleni kuka-1992, enqwenela ukuzidela ngokupheleleyo kwimisebenzi yezopolitiko. Nangona kunjalo, kude kube ngoku u-Zvyagilsky Efim Leonidovich uhlala ngumlawuli ohloniphekileyo wale shishini. Abafowunelwa, awawusungula umsebenzi wakhe, kwaye uyaqhubeka nokunyuka, angenelela kwezopolitiki, amvumele ukuba alawulwe ngokwenene kwimisebenzi yeMigodi yaseZasyadko kwaye namhlanje, esele usihlalo webhodi le shishini.

Ukuqala kwezopolitiko

Amanyathelo okuqala kumsebenzi wezopolitiko u-Yefim Zvyagilsky wenza ngexesha lokutshintsha, xa inkqubo yokuhlala yentlalo kunye nezopolitiko yachithwa kwaye entsha yadalwa, xa i-Ukraine entsha, e-Ukraine, yazaliswa kwiindawo zokubhubha zaseSoviet Union.

Ukuba lilungu leQumrhu lamaKhomanisi e-USSR, i-Zvyagilsky Yefim uLeonidovich yonyulwa ngo-1990 njengomphathi we-SSR wase-Ukraine, eqhutyelwa ukuba yenze isigunyaziso esisodwa. Kwakukho ngeli xesha le-cadenza yisekela ukuba iziganeko ze- Agasti zika- Agasti zenzeke eMoscow, ukuphunyezwa kweSigqibo se-Independence yase-Ukraine, i-referendum yonke yaseUkreniya ngokulandelana kwe-USSR, izivumelwano zaseB Belovezh, ukuwa kokugqibela kweSoviet Union kunye nokuvinjelwa kwemisebenzi yeCawa yamaKomanisi e-Ukraine. I-Zvyagilsky yashiya i-CPSU kwaye yaba yi-partisan kwi-Agasti 24, 1991.

Ngexesha elifanayo, uYefim uLeonidovich waqhubeka ephethe umgodi waseZasyadko, ekhulula isikhundla sakhe somlawuli kuphela ngoNovemba 1992. Ngaloo nyanga wanyulwa umphathi wekomiti yaseburhulumenteni yaseDonetsk kunye nebhunga leedolophu.

Sebenza ku rhu lumente

Kodwa ukuba usebenze ngentloko yedolophu yaseDonetsk ukusuka kuVyyagilsky kwaphela nje ngaphezu kweenyanga ezintandathu. NgoJuni 1993, iqela laseDonetsk labeshishini abakhulu, basebenzisa njengesixhobo sempembelelo yesiteleka sabavukuzi, bafezekisa ukuqeshwa kwesekela lakhe lokuqala kwinqununu, owayengowomnye ulawulo lwangaphambili lwezoqoqosho - uLeonid Kuchma.

Ngenxa yoko, unkulumbuso akazange asebenze kakuhle kunye no-isekela lakhe, kwaye sele sele ngoSeptemba uLeonid Kuchma wasula. UYefim Zvyagilsky njengephini lakhe lokuqala liphathwe imisebenzi ye-prime minister. Wayejamelana nomsebenzi wakhe ngokuphumelelayo: wakwazi ukunqanda ukunyuka kwamaxabiso, wasayina izivumelwano ezifanelekileyo neRashiya, wadala iimeko zokubuyiselwa kwemisebenzi yamashishini. Yena ngokwakhe wenza umsebenzi wokusasazwa kwezibonelelo. Kwaye ukuhlala kwakhe kwintloko ka rhu lumente obenegalelo elikhulu ekukhuleni koqoqosho lweqela laseDonetsk loosomashishini.

Okwangoku, ngo-Matshi 1994, u-Yefim Zvyagilsky wathatha inxaxheba kwintetho elandelayo yepalamente njengengengabalandeli. Kwaye ngeli xesha watyunjwa ukumela abantu base-Ukraine kwiVerkhovna Rada.

Kodwa ngenxa yoxinzelelo lwabachasi bezopolitiko, waphoqeleka ukuba ashiye isikhundla sakhe njengoPhathiswa weNdunankulu. NgoJuni 1994, inqununu entsha kaRhulumente yamiselwa - uVitaly Masol.

Ukufudukela kwaSirayeli

Ngomhla wokuba ukhetho lukaMongameli ka-1994, uVyyagilsky waba ngenye yeenjongo zokubambisana kwezopolitiko uLeonid Kravchuk, owayesondele kuye. Kwindlela eya ku-Yefim Leonidovich, ukunyanzelwa koxhatshazo kwanciphisa, kwaye uphando lwaqalisa. Emva kokunqoba kokhetho lukaLeonid Kuchma, ukwesaba ukutshutshiswa, uZayagilsky wathuthela kwaSirayeli.

UEfim Leonidovich wayehlala ezweni lakubo kusukela ngoNovemba 1994 ukuya kuMatshi 1997. Ngeli xesha, nangona wayelungu le-Verkhovna Rada, akakwazanga ukuthatha inxaxheba kwimisebenzi yakhe ngezizathu ezifanelekileyo.

Ukubuyela eUkraine

Ekugqibeleni, esavumelene neqela elilawulayo e-Ukraine elaphethwe nguLeonid Kuchma, upolitiki wakwazi ukubuyela e-Ukraine ngo-1997. Oku kwakungenxa yokuba i-Donetsk inkunzi, inxalenye ebalulekileyo yayo kunye ne-Zvyagilsky ngokwayo, yayinamathuba amaninzi okunyanzelisa imiqathango yamandla.

Ekubuyeni kwakhe, u-Yefim uLeonidovich wathatha imisebenzi yakhe njengomphathi kunye nosihlalo webhodi yegosa laseZasyadko. Ngo-1998, uVuyagilsky waphinde wanyulwa yipalamente yeRekhovna Rada.

Kwiqela leMimandla

Ngelo xesha, iQela leMimandla, elixhaswa yininzi yabantu baseDonbas, yaba yinto ebalulekileyo ekuxhomekeke kuyo kwiDonetsk. I-Yefim Zvyagilsky yaba ngenye yeenkokeli zentlangano yezopolitiko. Unyulo luka-2002, ngo-2006, 2007 no-2012 lwaluphele ngokunyulwa kwakhe kwipalamente yelizwe.

Emva kokuba uMongameli welizwe ngo-2010 abe ngumtyunjwa wePhathi yeeNgingqi uViktor Yanukovych, umzi waseDonetsk unamandla kakhulu. Eli qela lakhula lomelele emva kokunqoba kwePhathi yeeNgingqi kunyaka lonyulo lwepalamente ka-2012. Enye yezona ziqhagamshelwano eziphambili kwakuyi-Zvyagilsky Efim Leonidovich ngokwakhe. Ubume balo ngo-2012 beyizigidi ezingama-256 zeedola.

Ukuba ngumntu omdala we-Verkhovna Rada yebandla le sixhenxe, uYefim Zvyagilsky wayenesiqhelo sokuqala ukuba afunge isifungo kubantu kwiholo yeseshoni.

Ukuqhubeka komsebenzi wezopolitiko

Kodwa inkululeko yePhathi yeeNgingqi yaphela kuphela ukuqala kuka-2014. Emva koko, ngenxa yezibhikisho ezithandwayo ezibhekiselele kwizenzo zikaRhulumente, kwakukho ukukhwabanisa okukhokelela ekulahlekelweni kwamandla nguViktor Yanukovych. IQela leMimandla liyazikhupha. Kukhetho lwephalamende ka-2014, ngesiseko, kwakhiwa iqela elitsha lezopolitiko, eliye lamkela igama elithi "Ibhloko lokuchasana". UEfim Leonidovich naye waba ilungu lalo mbutho. Njengenxalenye yebhokisi lokuchasana, wathatha inxaxheba kwikhetho kwi-Verkhovna Rada kwisikhundla esisodwa, waphinde waba ilungu lepalamente.

Ngaloo ndlela, impendulo yombuzo othi "Uphi na iZagilsky Efim Leonidovich?" Ngaba kulula kakhulu. Yena, njengamathuba onke, usebenza kwimisebenzi yepalamente, okwangoku ilungu lekomiti yobudlelwane kunye neChina kunye nobunzima bamandla kunye namandla.

Usapho

Ubomi bobuqu obunjani uVyyagilsky Efim Leonidovich ahlala kuyo? Intsapho yakhe incinci. Umfazi wepolitiki owaziwayo nguLudmila Yefimovna, owazalwa ngowe-1931. Ungumgqirha wangaphambili, kwaye umzuzwana umhlalaphantsi.

Intombi kaYefim Leonidovich - uStella ozalwe ngo-1957. Njengomama wakhe, ngugqirha ngokuqeqeshwa, kodwa ngeli xesha ungumfazi wendlu. Ukutshata kwisekela likaVladimir Vecherko. Ngowe-1979, isibini esitshatileyo sanika uEimim Leonidovich umzukulu kaVictoria.

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo

Kubonakala ukuba, uVyyagilsky Efim Leonidovich ubonakala engumngqamngqangi wezopolitiko zase-Ukraine. Isithombiso esingezansi simbonisa njengomntu ophelile iminyaka, kodwa akazange alahlekelwe. Wayema ngexesha elifanayo kwimithombo ye-statehood entsha ye-Ukraine kunye nokwakhiwa kwekhulu-dolophu enkulu yaseDonetsk.

Ngokuqinisekileyo, njengombhali wezopolitiko kunye nomnyikeli wezoqoqosho uJefim Zvyagilsky washiya uphawu lwakhe oluphawulekayo kwimbali ekhoyo yase-Ukraine.